Tornadoes · United States · Texas · 2017

EF0 tornado, Spring Skyline Arpt, Texas, January 16, 2017

This EF0 tornado ran 0.1 miles across Harris County on January 16, 2017, touching down at 8:35 AM CST and reaching 20 yards wide. It killed nobody.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mphthis tornado

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF0
Date
January 16, 2017
Touchdown
8:35 AM CST (14:35 UTC)
Lifted
8:36 AM CST (14:36 UTC)
On the ground
1 minutes
Path length
0.1 miles (0.2 km)
Path width
20 yards (18 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
County
Harris County
Touchdown point
30.085, -95.450
Lift-off point
30.086, -95.440
Record number
1701160835-01

The damage survey

9 damage points were recorded along this path by NWS HGX, in the Damage Assessment Toolkit the survey teams carry. The strongest indicator was rated EF0. The highest wind the damage implies is 80 mph.

  • Pine needles and small limbs on road. Video shown on broadcast media of tornado crossing Grand Parkway near 45.
  • Another view of the roof damage.
  • Mud Splatter on east facing side of house (opposite track)
  • Mostly shingle damage to third house. Shingles ofted and carried 150 yards farther east.

Survey points are preliminary and are the raw material the published rating was built from. Source: NWS Damage Assessment Toolkit.

What the Weather Service recorded

Several weak tornadoes formed in an unstable air mass. Severe thunderstorm wind damage also occurred.

Video broadcast by television stations and shared on social media showed this tornado|just to the southwest of the intersection of the Grand Parkway (State Highway 99) and Interstate 45. The storm survey found numerous small limbs and pine needles on the road in that area, but no other damage was observed in the vicinity. As a result of the survey, the tornado rated low end EF0 with winds estimated near 65 mph.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

10 minutes of warning. NWS HGX issued a tornado warning for this county at 14:25 UTC, 10 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 15:00 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
12:12 UTC12:45 UTCTornado WarningHGX
12:46 UTC13:15 UTCTornado WarningHGX
12:58 UTC14:00 UTCFlood AdvisoryHGX
13:14 UTC13:45 UTCTornado WarningHGX
13:40 UTC14:15 UTCTornado WarningHGX
14:10 UTC14:24 UTCTornado WarningHGX
14:25 UTC15:00 UTCTornado WarningHGX

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Marginal Risk, with a 0.02 chance of a tornado within 25 miles. The outlook in force was issued at 12:55 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Lake Charles Mun, LA (KLCH), 12:00Z

2.6 hours before the tornado, 216 km from the path. January 16, 2017.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Lake Charles Mun, LA at 12:00Z on 2017-01-16Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 423 joules per kilogram, CIN -14, lifted condensation level 553 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Lake Charles Mun, LA at 12:00Z on 2017-01-16The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 226 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 37 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
423 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-14 J/kg
Surface CAPE
157 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
553 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
37 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
25 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
226 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
290 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.4
Supercell composite
4.0
0-3 km lapse rate
5.6 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Lake Charles Mun, LA (KLCH), 00:00Z

9.4 hours after it, 216 km from the path. January 17, 2017.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Lake Charles Mun, LA at 00:00Z on 2017-01-17Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 915 joules per kilogram, CIN -1, lifted condensation level 634 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Lake Charles Mun, LA at 00:00Z on 2017-01-17The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 86 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 28 knots.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
915 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-1 J/kg
Surface CAPE
1288 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
634 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
28 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
13 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
86 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
105 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.2
Supercell composite
1.4
0-3 km lapse rate
5.6 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The surface observations

Houston/D.W. Hooks (DWH), 11 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

Time (UTC)Temp (°F)Dew point (°F)WindGust (kt)Pressure (mb)Weather
12:35 UTC160° 4 kt1014.9-RA BR
12:40 UTC150° 8 kt1014.6-RA BR
12:45 UTC160° 6 kt1014.6-RA BR
12:50 UTC170° 7 kt1014.9RA BR
12:53 UTC6967170° 6 kt1014.9-RA BR
12:55 UTC180° 8 kt1015.2-RA BR
13:00 UTC180° 6 kt1015.2RA BR
13:05 UTC170° 5 kt1014.9RA BR
13:10 UTC180° 5 kt1015.2-RA BR
13:15 UTC170° 3 kt1015.2-RA
13:20 UTC160° 5 kt1015.2RA BR
13:25 UTC150° 4 kt1015.2-RA BR
13:30 UTC160° 5 kt1015.2RA BR
13:35 UTC140° 7 kt1015.2+RA BR
13:40 UTC130° 9 kt1015.2+RA BR
13:45 UTC150° 7 kt1015.2+RA BR
13:50 UTC6866.2180° 7 kt151015.2+RA BR
13:53 UTC6867160° 8 kt151015.2RA BR
13:55 UTC170° 5 kt1015.2-RA BR
14:00 UTC6865 4 kt1015.2-RA BR
14:05 UTC190° 7 kt1015.2-RA BR
14:10 UTC190° 7 kt1015.2+RA BR
14:15 UTC160° 4 kt1015.2+RA BR
14:20 UTC160° 6 kt1015.2-RA BR
14:25 UTC170° 6 kt1015.6-RA BR
14:30 UTC160° 5 kt1015.6-RA BR
14:35 UTC170° 5 kt1015.6-RA BR
14:40 UTC160° 7 kt1015.6-RA BR
14:45 UTC160° 7 kt1015.6-RA BR
14:50 UTC180° 8 kt1015.6-RA BR
14:53 UTC7068190° 6 kt1015.6-RA BR
14:55 UTC180° 6 kt1015.6-RA BR
15:00 UTC7068180° 5 kt1015.6RA BR
15:05 UTC180° 6 kt1015.9-RA BR
15:10 UTC170° 5 kt1015.9-RA BR
15:15 UTC180° 7 kt1015.9-RA BR
15:16 UTC7068170° 8 kt1015.9-RA
15:20 UTC170° 7 kt1015.9-RA
15:25 UTC170° 7 kt1015.9
15:30 UTC170° 5 kt1015.9-RA
15:35 UTC160° 7 kt1015.9-RA
15:40 UTC160° 9 kt1016.3
15:45 UTC160° 8 kt1016.3
15:48 UTC71.668170° 7 kt1016.3
15:50 UTC170° 7 kt1016.3
15:53 UTC7268180° 8 kt1016.3
15:55 UTC160° 7 kt1016.3
16:00 UTC170° 8 kt1016.3
16:05 UTC180° 11 kt1016.3
16:10 UTC180° 9 kt1016.3
16:15 UTC170° 11 kt1016.3
16:20 UTC170° 11 kt1016.3
16:25 UTC 1016.3
16:30 UTC170° 10 kt1016.6

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

The radar

The Houston radar (KHGX), 77 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 14:35 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
12:29 UTCTSTM WND DMG4 Nne FulshearFort Bend, TX3 MANGLED TRAMPOLINES... ONE DISPLACED IN ANOTHER YARD... AND ALSO DOWNED FENCES.
12:35 UTCTSTM WND DMG4 Se KatyFort Bend, TXTREES AND FENCES DOWN IN CINCO RANCH
13:31 UTCTORNADO3 N Jersey VillageHarris, TXTHREE HOMES DAMAGED BY EF0 TORNADO.
13:35 UTCTSTM WND DMG3 Nne Jersey VillageHarris, TXBRICK FACADE DAMAGE ON BUILDING NEAR WINDFERN AND GESSNER. LARGE TREE LIMBS DOWN.
13:45 UTCFUNNEL CLOUD8 Nne Jersey VillageHarris, TXTRAINED SPOTTER REPORTED A FUNNEL CLOUD NEAR CYPRESSWOOD DR AND CHAMPIONS FOREST DR
13:45 UTCTSTM WND DMG8 Nne Jersey VillageHarris, TXAT CYPRESSWOOD AND CHAMPION FOREST... AN URGENT CARE HAS POWERLINES AND TREES DOWN.
14:35 UTCTORNADO4 Wnw SpringHarris, TXVIDEO SHOWED TORNADO CROSSING SH 99 NEAR INTERSTATE 45. SURVEY SHOWED ONLY TWIGS AND PINE NEEDLES IN THE AREA. RATED EF0.
14:40 UTCTORNADO2 Sse Oak Ridge NorthMontgomery, TXMINOR DAMAGE FROM EF0 TORNADO 6 NNW SPRING. DOOR WINDOW SHATTERED AT STORE... LARGE LIMB STRIPPED OFF PINE.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2017 tornado in TexasEvery tornado in Texas since 1950Warnings in force in Texas nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of January 16, 2017

3 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
January 162:43 AM CSTEF0Limestone, TX3.1250$300,000
January 167:31 AM CSTEF0Harris, TX0.120
January 168:40 AM CSTEF0Montgomery, TX0.220

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.