Tornadoes · United States · Texas · 2015

EF0 tornado, Petronila, Texas, September 26, 2015

This EF0 tornado ran 0.3 miles across Nueces County on September 26, 2015, touching down at 3:15 PM CDT and reaching 25 yards wide. It killed nobody.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mphthis tornado

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF0
Date
September 26, 2015
Touchdown
3:15 PM CDT (20:15 UTC)
Lifted
3:16 PM CDT (20:16 UTC)
On the ground
1 minutes
Path length
0.3 miles (0.5 km)
Path width
25 yards (23 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
County
Nueces County
Touchdown point
27.675, -97.631
Lift-off point
27.679, -97.631
Record number
1509261415-01

What the Weather Service recorded

An upper level low combined with abundant moisture and a coastal trough to produce scattered thunderstorms over South Texas. Thunderstorms produced damaging wind gusts near Portland. Two weak tornadoes near Alice and Petronila.

Public reported a weak tornado occurred near Farm to Market Road 665 at Petronila.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

No tornado warning for this county appears in the archive as in force at the moment the tornado touched down.

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a General Thunderstorms Risk. The outlook in force was issued at 19:30 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Corpus Christi, TX (KCRP), 12:00Z

8.3 hours before the tornado, 29 km from the path. September 26, 2015.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Corpus Christi, TX at 12:00Z on 2015-09-26Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 819 joules per kilogram, CIN -71, lifted condensation level 1177 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Corpus Christi, TX at 12:00Z on 2015-09-26The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity -3 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 8 knots.1939Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
819 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-71 J/kg
Surface CAPE
522 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1177 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
8 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
9 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
-3 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
-17 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
5.2 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Corpus Christi, TX (KCRP), 00:00Z

3.7 hours after it, 29 km from the path. September 27, 2015.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Corpus Christi, TX at 00:00Z on 2015-09-27Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 1404 joules per kilogram, CIN -21, lifted condensation level 1076 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Corpus Christi, TX at 00:00Z on 2015-09-27The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity -6 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 8 knots.1939Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1404 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-21 J/kg
Surface CAPE
2145 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1076 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
8 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
10 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
-6 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
-46 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
6.9 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The surface observations

Robstown (RBO), 13 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

Time (UTC)Temp (°F)Dew point (°F)WindGust (kt)Pressure (mb)Weather
18:15 UTC9065.310° 7 kt1013.9
18:35 UTC9264.410° 7 kt1013.2
18:55 UTC91.7663.86350° 7 kt1012.9
19:15 UTC92.846550° 9 kt1012.2
19:35 UTC90.563.1440° 8 kt1012.2
19:55 UTC876870° 8 kt1011.9-RA
20:15 UTC89.4266.3880° 10 kt1011.9
20:35 UTC85.4662.670° 18 kt231011.9TS
20:55 UTC84.3861.770° 11 kt1011.5
21:15 UTC8463.6860° 9 kt1011.5TS
21:35 UTC8564.22110° 7 kt1011.5
21:55 UTC8561.88100° 7 kt1011.9

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

The radar

The Corpus Christi radar (KCRP), 17 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 20:13 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
20:15 UTCTORNADOPetronilaNueces, TXPUBLIC REPORT OF A BRIEF TORNADO NEAR FARM TO MARKET ROAD 665 AT PETRONILA.
20:48 UTCTORNADO3 E AliceJim Wells, TXPUBLIC SHARED A VIDEO ON SOCIAL MEDIA OF A BRIEF TORNADO NEAR ALICE ALONG FM 665.
20:48 UTCTORNADO3 N AliceJim Wells, TXPUBLIC SHARED A VIDEO ON SOCIAL MEDIA OF A BRIEF TORNADO NEAR ALICE.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2015 tornado in TexasEvery tornado in Texas since 1950Warnings in force in Texas nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of September 26, 2015

1 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
September 263:48 PM CDTEF0Jim Wells, TX0.450

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.