Tornadoes · United States · Texas · 2012

EF1 tornado, Laketon to Gageby, Texas, February 3, 2012

From Laketon to Gageby, this EF1 tornado ran 12.7 miles across Gray, Roberts and Hemphill counties on February 3, 2012, touching down at 12:42 AM CST and reaching 100 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $250,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mph

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mphthis tornado

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF1
Date
February 3, 2012
Touchdown
12:42 AM CST (06:42 UTC)
Lifted
1:03 AM CST (07:03 UTC)
On the ground
21 minutes
Path length
12.7 miles (20.4 km)
Path width
100 yards (91 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$250,000
Counties
Gray, Roberts and Hemphill counties
Touchdown point
35.550, -100.700
Lift-off point
35.650, -100.510
Record number
1202030042-01

The damage survey

2 damage points were recorded along this path by NWS AMA, in the Damage Assessment Toolkit the survey teams carry. The strongest indicator was rated EF0. The highest wind the damage implies is 80 mph.

  • AT THE BEGINNING OF THE TORNADO TRACK...THERE WAS A HORSE BARN ROOF\nDAMAGED
  • A CENTER PIVOT IRRIGATION SYSTEM WAS TWISTED AND OVERTURNED.

Survey points are preliminary and are the raw material the published rating was built from. Source: NWS Damage Assessment Toolkit.

What the Weather Service recorded

Severe thunderstorms develop across most of the central and eastern Texas Panhandle during the evening hours through shortly after midnight producing large hail and thunderstorm wind gust. Also, a tornado touched down shortly after midnight over the east central Texas Panhandle causing minor damage, however no injuries or fatalities were reported.

This is the first segment of a tornado which formed ten miles south southwest of Miami just north of Texas State Highway 152 and traveled northeastward for about eight miles before exiting Gray county about five and a half miles north northeast of Laketon at 0055CST. While in Gray county, the tornado was rated an EF1. The tornado had a maximum width of one hundred yards. At he beginning of the tornado track in Gray county, there was a horse barn damaged as well as a center pivot irrigation system overturned. Then two miles from about where the tornado touched down to the northeast, also in Gray county, two single power poles were snapped at the base. There were no reports of injuries or fatalities.

This is the second segment of a tornado which formed ten miles south southwest of Miami just north of Texas State Highway 152 in Gray county at 0042CST. The tornado exited Gray county and entered into Roberts county at 0055CST about six miles south southeast of Miami Texas in Roberts county and exited Roberts county at 0100CST about six and a half miles south of Lora Texas, which is located on the Roberts county and Hemphill county line. The tornado traveled northeastward for about two and a half miles. The tornado was rated an EF0 as there was no report of damage in Roberts county. The tornado had a maximum width of one hundred yards. There were no reports of injuries or fatalities.

This is the third and final segment of a tornado which formed ten miles south southwest of Miami just north of Texas State Highway 152 in Gray county at 0042CST. The tornado exited Roberts county and entered into Hemphill county at 0100CST about twelve miles west of Gageby Texas. The tornado remained on the ground for about two miles before dissipating at 0103CST about ten miles west northwest of Gageby Texas in Hemphill county. The tornado was rated an EF0 as there was no report of damage in Hemphill county. The tornado had a maximum width of one hundred yards. There were no reports of injuries or fatalities.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

No tornado warning for this county appears in the archive as in force at the moment the tornado touched down.

The county was under a severe thunderstorm watch, issued at 01:38 UTC and running to 08:32 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
01:38 UTC08:32 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WatchAMA
05:48 UTC06:30 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningAMA
06:49 UTC07:09 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningAMA

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a General Thunderstorms Risk. The outlook in force was issued at 05:49 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Amarillo Airport, TX (KAMA), 00:00Z

6.7 hours before the tornado, 107 km from the path. February 3, 2012.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Amarillo Airport, TX at 00:00Z on 2012-02-03Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 0 joules per kilogram, CIN -80582, lifted condensation level 692 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Amarillo Airport, TX at 00:00Z on 2012-02-03The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 317 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 80 knots.1939587897117Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-80582 J/kg
Surface CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
692 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
80 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
33 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
317 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
390 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
5.6 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Amarillo Airport, TX (KAMA), 12:00Z

5.3 hours after it, 107 km from the path. February 3, 2012.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Amarillo Airport, TX at 12:00Z on 2012-02-03Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 0 joules per kilogram, CIN -220, lifted condensation level 490 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Amarillo Airport, TX at 12:00Z on 2012-02-03The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 224 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 81 knots.1939587897117Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-220 J/kg
Surface CAPE
2 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
490 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
81 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
40 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
224 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
326 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.8
0-3 km lapse rate
4.0 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The radar

The Amarillo radar (KAMA), 108 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 06:41 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
06:42 UTCTORNADO 110 Ssw MiamiGray, TXTHE TORNADO FIRST TOUCHED DOWN ON STATE HIGHWAY 152 AND WAS ON THE GROUND FOR 13 MILES WITH A MAXIMUM WIDTH OF 100 YARDS. THE TORNADO DISSIPATED AT 103 AM CST IN EXTREME SOUTHWEST HEMPHILL COUNTY. AT THE BEGINNING OF THE
07:11 UTCTSTM WND GST 7417 Sw CanadianRoberts, TX

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2012 tornado in TexasEvery tornado in Texas since 1950Warnings in force in Texas nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of February 3, 2012

2 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
February 36:45 PM CSTEF1Burleson, TX0.875$150,000
February 36:48 PM CSTEF2Burleson, TX0.5100$500,000

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.