Tornadoes · United States · Texas · 2011

EF0 tornado, Manchester to Blakeney, Texas, May 20, 2011

From Manchester to Blakeney, this EF0 tornado ran 1.6 miles across Red River County on May 20, 2011, touching down at 5:36 PM CDT and reaching 50 yards wide. It killed nobody.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mphthis tornado

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF0
Date
May 20, 2011
Touchdown
5:36 PM CDT (22:36 UTC)
Lifted
5:38 PM CDT (22:38 UTC)
On the ground
2 minutes
Path length
1.6 miles (2.6 km)
Path width
50 yards (46 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
County
Red River County
Touchdown point
33.847, -95.122
Lift-off point
33.864, -95.103
Record number
1105201636-01

What the Weather Service recorded

The storm environment for May 20th involved a very unstable atmosphere, especially across the northern third of Northeast Texas, Southeast Oklahoma and Southwest Arkansas. The atmosphere was weakly capped which resulted in the development of scattered severe thunderstorms across the region. An upper level disturbance moved across the region as well and with cold temperatures aloft resulting in steep mid level lapse rates...a majority of the storms produced large hail. High shear was also in place in the mid and lower levels of the atmosphere which provided a wind threat as well. Some of these storms produced tornadoes across the region.

The National Weather Service conducted a storm survey in Red River County and concluded that damage was the result of an EF0 tornado. The tornado first touched down over a wooded area east of Manchester damaging a few trees. The tornado moved northeast crossing FM 195 where a few small trees were snapped and a few small trees and limbs. The tornado ended north of FM 195. The Maximum winds are estimated at 65-70 mph.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

9 minutes of warning. NWS SHV issued a tornado warning for this county at 22:27 UTC, 9 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 23:15 UTC.

The county was under a tornado watch, issued at 16:08 UTC and running to 22:56 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
16:08 UTC22:56 UTCTornado WatchSHV
22:27 UTC23:15 UTCTornado WarningSHV
22:56 UTC02:23 UTCTornado WatchSHV
23:55 UTC00:42 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningSHV

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Slight Risk, with a 0.05 chance of a tornado within 25 miles. The outlook in force was issued at 20:00 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Shreveport, LA (KSHV), 12:00Z

10.6 hours before the tornado, 199 km from the path. May 20, 2011.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Shreveport, LA at 12:00Z on 2011-05-20Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 2656 joules per kilogram, CIN -44, lifted condensation level 648 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Shreveport, LA at 12:00Z on 2011-05-20The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 151 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 15 knots.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
2656 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-44 J/kg
Surface CAPE
2171 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
648 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
15 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
27 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
151 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
231 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
5.7 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Shreveport, LA (KSHV), 00:00Z

1.4 hours after it, 199 km from the path. May 21, 2011.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Shreveport, LA at 00:00Z on 2011-05-21Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 1940 joules per kilogram, CIN -23, lifted condensation level 1407 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Shreveport, LA at 00:00Z on 2011-05-21The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 116 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 19 knots.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1940 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-23 J/kg
Surface CAPE
3204 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1407 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
19 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
19 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
116 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
248 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
9.0
0-3 km lapse rate
7.8 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The surface observations

Idabel (4O4), 24 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

Time (UTC)Temp (°F)Dew point (°F)WindGust (kt)Pressure (mb)Weather
20:47 UTC80.669.8150° 14 kt201007.5
21:06 UTC80.671.6150° 8 kt1007.5
21:26 UTC80.669.8150° 9 kt151007.1
21:46 UTC82.471.6140° 14 kt181006.8
22:07 UTC80.669.8140° 10 kt181007.1VCTS
22:27 UTC80.669.8120° 3 kt1007.5VCTS
22:47 UTC69.860.8340° 14 kt221008.8
23:07 UTC64.460.8320° 18 kt261009.8VCTS
23:27 UTC62.660.8320° 14 kt171009.1TS
23:47 UTC62.660.8280° 5 kt181009.1TS
00:07 UTC62.660.8290° 12 kt161010.2VCTS
00:27 UTC64.462.6330° 4 kt81008.8TS

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

The radar

The Western Arkansas radar (KSRX), 174 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 22:34 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
22:14 UTCHAIL 1DetroitRed River, TX
22:36 UTCTORNADO10 S ValliantRed River, TXA EF0 TORNADO BRIEFLY TOUCHED DOWN NORTHEAST OF MANCHESTER TEXAS ALONG FM 195 KNOCKING DOWN A FEW SMALL TREES AND SNAPPING LARGE BRANCHES. THE WEAK TORNADO WAS ON THE GROUND FOR 1.5 MILES AND WAS APPROXIMATELY 50 YARDS W

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2011 tornado in TexasEvery tornado in Texas since 1950Warnings in force in Texas nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of May 20, 2011

5 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
May 208:20 AM CDTEF0Washington, AR0.550$1,000
May 209:37 AM CDTEF1Mayes, OK1.5100$35,000
May 205:48 PM CDTEF0Hot Spring, AR3.1100$25,000
May 206:38 PM CDTEF0Harrison, TX6.850
May 208:27 PM MDTEF1Prairie, MT0.166$75,000

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.