Tornadoes · United States · Texas · 2002

F3 tornado, La Porte, Texas, March 30, 2002

This F3 tornado ran 0.7 miles across Harris County on March 30, 2002, touching down at 8:09 PM CST and reaching 60 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $350,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. F040 to 72 mph

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. F173 to 112 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. F2113 to 157 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. F3158 to 206 mphthis tornado

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. F4207 to 260 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. F5261 to 318 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
F3
Date
March 30, 2002
Touchdown
8:09 PM CST (02:09 UTC)
Path length
0.7 miles (1.1 km)
Path width
60 yards (55 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$350,000
County
Harris County
Touchdown point
29.620, -95.020
Lift-off point
29.630, -95.000
Record number
601

What the Weather Service recorded

This Tornado began its path in the Shoreacres subdivision, 3 miles south of La Porte, with a home on Greenleaf Road receiving structural and roof damage (F1), then moved northeast and partially demolished a Super Mart on Broadway (F3), then ripped through an apartment complex across the street causing major roof and window damage and knocking down trees (F2), collapsing a car garage and destroying at least one car. Just northeast of the apartments, a few homes had minor damage with fences and large trees down. On Carlisle Street, in the Bayside Terrace subdivision, a few homes had minor roof damage, yard trees down, and debris from the convenience store, while part of the roof off the Super Mart dropped onto a Truck parked at the north end of Carlisle next to Galveston Bay. No injuries were reported. A survey was conducted.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

22 minutes of warning. NWS HGX issued a tornado warning for this county at 01:47 UTC, 22 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 02:30 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
23:54 UTC00:30 UTCTornado WarningHGX
00:31 UTC01:30 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningHGX
01:23 UTC02:00 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningHGX
01:47 UTC02:30 UTCTornado WarningHGX

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Slight Risk, with a 0.05 chance of a tornado within 25 miles. The outlook in force was issued at 00:42 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Lake Charles Mun, LA (KLCH), 00:00Z

2.2 hours before the tornado, 183 km from the path. March 31, 2002.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Lake Charles Mun, LA at 00:00Z on 2002-03-31Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 2027 joules per kilogram, CIN -16, lifted condensation level 712 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Lake Charles Mun, LA at 00:00Z on 2002-03-31The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 97 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 58 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
2027 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-16 J/kg
Surface CAPE
2761 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
712 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
58 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
15 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
97 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
121 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
1.5
Supercell composite
6.2
0-3 km lapse rate
6.4 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Lake Charles Mun, LA (KLCH), 12:00Z

9.8 hours after it, 183 km from the path. March 31, 2002.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Lake Charles Mun, LA at 12:00Z on 2002-03-31Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 2084 joules per kilogram, CIN -1, lifted condensation level 478 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Lake Charles Mun, LA at 12:00Z on 2002-03-31The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 164 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 42 knots.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
2084 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-1 J/kg
Surface CAPE
1567 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
478 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
42 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
26 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
164 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
194 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
1.3
Supercell composite
5.8
0-3 km lapse rate
5.9 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The surface observations

Houston/Ellington (EFD), 15 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

Time (UTC)Temp (°F)Dew point (°F)WindGust (kt)Pressure (mb)Weather
00:50 UTC73.471.6150° 10 kt1005.4TS
02:00 UTC73.471.6250° 19 kt321006.8+TSRA BR
02:25 UTC66.266.2200° 7 kt1008.1-TSRA
02:50 UTC6868190° 14 kt181007.5TSRA
03:50 UTC66.266.2150° 9 kt1008.1TS

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2002 tornado in TexasEvery tornado in Texas since 1950Warnings in force in Texas nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of March 30, 2002

22 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
March 3012:51 PM CSTF0Falls, TX0.775$1,000
March 301:06 PM CSTF1Runnels, TX3.085$30,000
March 301:21 PM CSTF2Limestone, TX7.0440$250,000
March 301:45 PM CSTF1Runnels, TX0.5100
March 301:55 PM CSTF0Limestone, TX3.530$4,000
March 302:17 PM CSTF0Taylor, TX0.220
March 302:17 PM CSTF0Taylor, TX0.220
March 302:40 PM CSTF1Callahan, TX9.0200
March 303:10 PM CSTF0Callahan, TX0.330
March 303:52 PM CSTF0Hamilton, TX1.240$10,000
March 303:59 PM CSTF1Eastland, TX1.0100$50,000
March 304:05 PM CSTF0Hamilton, TX2.5100$70,000
March 304:10 PM CSTF0Eastland, TX0.130
March 304:20 PM CSTF0Erath, TX0.130
March 304:24 PM CSTF0Anderson, TX0.130
March 304:42 PM CSTF1Cherokee, TX33.0150
March 305:30 PM CSTF0Wharton, TX0.520
March 305:36 PM CSTF0Fort Bend, TX0.530$150,000
March 305:40 PM CSTF0Wharton, TX0.550$50,000
March 306:15 PM CSTF0Nacogdoches, TX3.050
March 306:50 PM CSTF3Angelina, TX49.04406$6.2 million
March 307:15 PM CSTF0Fort Bend, TX0.530$20,000

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.