Tornadoes · United States · Texas · 1995

F0 tornado, Vick, Texas, May 28, 1995

This F0 tornado ran 0.2 miles across Concho County on May 28, 1995, touching down at 6:50 PM CDT and reaching 30 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $5,000 to $50,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. F040 to 72 mphthis tornado

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. F173 to 112 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. F2113 to 157 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. F3158 to 206 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. F4207 to 260 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. F5261 to 318 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
F0
Date
May 28, 1995
Touchdown
6:50 PM CDT (23:50 UTC)
Path length
0.2 miles (0.3 km)
Path width
30 yards (27 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$5,000 to $50,000
County
Concho County
Touchdown point
31.350, -100.270
Record number
586

What the Weather Service recorded

Extreme winds and giant hail slammed San Angelo, injuring at least 80 people and causing about $120,000,000 in damage. The bulk of the damage occurred in a path that spread from two miles wide at O.C. Fisher Dam to five miles wide at Goodfellow Air Force Base. Sixty-one dwellings were destroyed, 650 sustained major damage, and over 9,000 were slightly damaged. Ten thousand street and security lights were damaged, thousands of trees were uprooted or heavily damaged, and thousands of vehicles were dented. Near the core of the damage path, hail was six inches deep with drifts to two feet. An additional $8,000,000 in damage was sustained by Goodfellow Air Force Base. The storm that inflicted the destruction was a right-turning supercell that initially formed in Upton County, 75 miles west of San Angelo. By the time it reached San Angelo, it was moving southeast. The tremendous damage lead many to believe that a tornado had struck. However, a survey team determined that the damage was mainly due to large hail and high winds.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

No tornado warning for this county appears in the archive as in force at the moment the tornado touched down. One was issued for the county at another hour that day.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
20:47 UTC21:45 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningSJT
21:25 UTC22:30 UTCTornado WarningSJT
22:25 UTC23:30 UTCTornado WarningSJT

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Slight Risk. The outlook in force was issued at 06:10 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Midland Regional, TX (KMAF), 12:00Z

11.8 hours before the tornado, 194 km from the path. May 28, 1995.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Midland Regional, TX at 12:00Z on 1995-05-28Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 28 joules per kilogram, CIN -208, lifted condensation level 2342 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Midland Regional, TX at 12:00Z on 1995-05-28The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 84 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 40 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
28 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-208 J/kg
Surface CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
2342 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
40 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
9 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
84 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
94 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.1
0-3 km lapse rate
4.7 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Midland Regional, TX (KMAF), 00:00Z

0.2 hours after it, 194 km from the path. May 29, 1995.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Midland Regional, TX at 00:00Z on 1995-05-29Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 214 joules per kilogram, CIN -297, lifted condensation level 1548 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Midland Regional, TX at 00:00Z on 1995-05-29The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 83 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 58 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
214 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-297 J/kg
Surface CAPE
975 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1548 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
58 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
19 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
83 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
262 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.2
0-3 km lapse rate
7.4 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 1995 tornado in TexasEvery tornado in Texas since 1950Warnings in force in Texas nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of May 28, 1995

5 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
May 282:55 PM EDTF2Oscoda, MI1.0880
May 286:14 PM EDTF1Saint Clair, MI0.6100$500 to $5,000
May 2811:40 PM EDTF1Medina, OH0.7150$50,000 to $500,000
May 2812:03 AM EDTF2Geauga, OH0.760$500,000 to $5 million
May 2812:15 AM EDTF1Summit, OH1.0100$500,000 to $5 million

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.