Tornadoes · United States · Texas · 1993

F0 tornado, Lubbock, Texas, March 29, 1993

This F0 tornado ran 0.3 miles across Lubbock County on March 29, 1993, touching down at 1:40 PM CST and reaching 50 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $500 to $5,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. F040 to 72 mphthis tornado

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. F173 to 112 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. F2113 to 157 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. F3158 to 206 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. F4207 to 260 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. F5261 to 318 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
F0
Date
March 29, 1993
Touchdown
1:40 PM CST (19:40 UTC)
Path length
0.3 miles (0.5 km)
Path width
50 yards (46 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$500 to $5,000
County
Lubbock County
Touchdown point
33.580, -101.850
Record number
78

What the Weather Service recorded

As the Terry County Supercell moved across Lubbock County, it left a swath of severe weather. Golfball-size hail was reported at Reese Air Force Base and near the Carlisle community. As the storm moved across western and northern sections of Lubbock, a series of downbursts and two weak tornadoes occurred. The downbursts damaged several light and telephone poles, the roof of an elementary school suffered minor damage, and approximately 100 vehicles had window damage. The first tornado touched down in the west-central part of Lubbock. Some buildings at Lubbock Christian University suffered damage, and windows were blown out at a Junior High School north of LCU. The second tornado struck north-central Lubbock, near the Lubbock State School. Damage in this area was confined mainly to windows. As the storm passed Lubbock International Airport, the NWS Office's wind equipment measured a wind gust to 77 mph. Total damage from the storm is estimated at $400,000.

As the Terry County Supercell moved across Lubbock County, it left a swath of severe weather. Golfball-size hail was reported at Reese Air Force Base and near the Carlisle community. As the storm moved across western and northern sections of Lubbock, a series of downbursts and two weak tornadoes occurred. The downbursts damaged several light and telephone poles, the roof of an elementary school suffered minor damage, and approximately 100 vehicles had window damage. The first tornado touched down in the west-central part of Lubbock. Some buildings at Lubbock Christian University suffered damage, and windows were blown out at a Junior High School north of LCU. The second tornado struck north-central Lubbock, near the Lubbock State School. Damage in this area was confined mainly to windows. As the storm passed Lubbock International Airport, the NWS Office's wind equipment measured a wind gust to 77 mph. Total damage from the storm is estimated at $400,000.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

16 minutes of warning. NWS LUB issued a tornado warning for this county at 19:24 UTC, 16 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 20:00 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
19:24 UTC20:00 UTCTornado WarningLUB
20:08 UTC21:15 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningLUB

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Moderate Risk. The outlook in force was issued at 05:58 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Amarillo Airport, TX (KAMA), 12:00Z

7.7 hours before the tornado, 184 km from the path. March 29, 1993.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Amarillo Airport, TX at 12:00Z on 1993-03-29Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 0 joules per kilogram, CIN -10768, lifted condensation level 2835 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Amarillo Airport, TX at 12:00Z on 1993-03-29The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 55 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 38 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-10768 J/kg
Surface CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
2835 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
38 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
11 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
55 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
185 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
3.5 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Amarillo Airport, TX (KAMA), 00:00Z

4.3 hours after it, 184 km from the path. March 30, 1993.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Amarillo Airport, TX at 00:00Z on 1993-03-30Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 17 joules per kilogram, CIN -252, lifted condensation level 1496 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Amarillo Airport, TX at 00:00Z on 1993-03-30The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity -44 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 81 knots.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
17 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-252 J/kg
Surface CAPE
134 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1496 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
81 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
17 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
-44 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
65 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
6.7 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The surface observations

Lubbock International Airport (LBB), 10 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

Time (UTC)Temp (°F)Dew point (°F)WindGust (kt)Pressure (mb)Weather
18:00 UTC7055160° 19 kt1006.4
18:40 UTC160° 18 kt1005.4
19:00 UTC6754150° 18 kt1005.1-TSRA
19:32 UTC50° 8 kt1003.4
20:00 UTC5953310° 13 kt1004.4-+TSRA
20:22 UTC300° 14 kt1003.7
21:00 UTC6656320° 14 kt1003.7

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 1993 tornado in TexasEvery tornado in Texas since 1950Warnings in force in Texas nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of March 29, 1993

7 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
March 291:32 PM CSTF1Lubbock, TX0.440$5,000 to $50,000
March 294:12 PM CSTF0Beckham, OK0.123
March 295:00 PM CSTF0Knox, TX0.120
March 296:30 PM CSTF0Wilbarger, TX0.140
March 297:29 PM CSTF0Tillman, OK0.130
March 299:52 PM CSTF1Grady, OK5.033
March 2910:40 PM CSTF1Pottawatomie, KS4.0100$50,000 to $500,000

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.