Tornadoes · United States · Texas · 1985

F0 tornado, Harrison County, Texas, April 23, 1985

This F0 tornado ran 0.5 miles across Harrison County on April 23, 1985, touching down at 12:55 PM CST and reaching 30 yards wide. It killed nobody.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. F040 to 72 mphthis tornado

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. F173 to 112 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. F2113 to 157 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. F3158 to 206 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. F4207 to 260 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. F5261 to 318 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
F0
Date
April 23, 1985
Touchdown
12:55 PM CST (18:55 UTC)
Path length
0.5 miles (0.8 km)
Path width
30 yards (27 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
County
Harrison County
Touchdown point
32.600, -94.400
Record number
133

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Longview/Gregg, TX (KGGG), 12:00Z

6.9 hours before the tornado, 34 km from the path. April 23, 1985.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Longview/Gregg, TX at 12:00Z on 1985-04-23Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 2373 joules per kilogram, CIN -4, lifted condensation level 531 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Longview/Gregg, TX at 12:00Z on 1985-04-23The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 240 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 37 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
2373 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-4 J/kg
Surface CAPE
2031 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
531 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
37 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
30 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
240 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
218 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
2.0
Supercell composite
9.7
0-3 km lapse rate
5.7 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Longview/Gregg, TX (KGGG), 00:00Z

5.1 hours after it, 34 km from the path. April 24, 1985.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Longview/Gregg, TX at 00:00Z on 1985-04-24Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 122 joules per kilogram, CIN -41, lifted condensation level 1570 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Longview/Gregg, TX at 00:00Z on 1985-04-24The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 7 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 48 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
122 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-41 J/kg
Surface CAPE
1227 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1570 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
48 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
18 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
7 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
131 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.4
0-3 km lapse rate
6.4 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 1985 tornado in TexasEvery tornado in Texas since 1950Warnings in force in Texas nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of April 23, 1985

12 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
April 231:58 PM CSTF0Jefferson, AR0.110under $50
April 232:40 PM CSTF2Lonoke, AR1.5400$50,000 to $500,000
April 233:10 PM CSTF3Lafayette, LA to AR13.0200under $50
April 233:11 PM CSTF2Prairie, AR10.0300$50,000 to $500,000
April 233:23 PM CSTF1Dunklin, MO1.850$50,000 to $500,000
April 233:40 PM CSTF1Caddo Parish, LA3.0200
April 233:45 PM CSTF0Dent, MO0.3100$500 to $5,000
April 233:50 PM CSTF1Webster Parish, LA4.0150
April 234:25 PM CSTF1Webster Parish, LA2.0150
April 234:30 PM CSTF2Claiborne Parish, LA5.0200
April 235:15 PM CSTF1Claiborne Parish, LA2.0150
April 236:05 PM CSTF2De Soto Parish, LA8.0200

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.