Tornadoes · United States · Texas · 1981

F2 tornado, Crosby County, Texas, May 7, 1981

This F2 tornado ran 1.5 miles across Crosby County on May 7, 1981, touching down at 6:00 PM CDT and reaching 40 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $50,000 to $500,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. F040 to 72 mph

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. F173 to 112 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. F2113 to 157 mphthis tornado

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. F3158 to 206 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. F4207 to 260 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. F5261 to 318 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
F2
Date
May 7, 1981
Touchdown
6:00 PM CDT (23:00 UTC)
Path length
1.5 miles (2.4 km)
Path width
40 yards (37 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$50,000 to $500,000
County
Crosby County
Touchdown point
33.480, -101.380
Record number
157

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Midland Regional, TX (KMAF), 12:00Z

11.0 hours before the tornado, 187 km from the path. May 7, 1981.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Midland Regional, TX at 12:00Z on 1981-05-07Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 306 joules per kilogram, CIN -192, lifted condensation level 796 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Midland Regional, TX at 12:00Z on 1981-05-07The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 106 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 38 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
306 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-192 J/kg
Surface CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
796 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
38 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
16 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
106 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
135 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.2
0-3 km lapse rate
4.6 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Midland Regional, TX (KMAF), 00:00Z

1.0 hours after it, 187 km from the path. May 8, 1981.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Midland Regional, TX at 00:00Z on 1981-05-08Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 1698 joules per kilogram, CIN -66, lifted condensation level 1418 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Midland Regional, TX at 00:00Z on 1981-05-08The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 93 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 54 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1698 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-66 J/kg
Surface CAPE
2927 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1418 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
54 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
13 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
93 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
139 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.6
Supercell composite
6.5
0-3 km lapse rate
8.0 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 1981 tornado in TexasEvery tornado in Texas since 1950Warnings in force in Texas nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of May 7, 1981

11 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
May 72:35 PM EDTF0Broward, FL0.120$500 to $5,000
May 75:15 PM CDTF1, FL1.050$5,000 to $50,000
May 75:15 PM CDTF1Brewster, TX1.030$50,000 to $500,000
May 75:55 PM CDTF2Crosby, TX6.140
May 76:15 PM CDTF0Floyd, TX0.310
May 76:34 PM CDTF2Crosby, TX1.030$50,000 to $500,000
May 76:54 PM CDTF0Crosby, TX0.520
May 76:54 PM CDTF0Crosby, TX0.520
May 76:54 PM CDTF0Crosby, TX0.520
May 76:54 PM CDTF0Crosby, TX0.520
May 76:54 PM CDTF2Crosby, TX2.7150$50,000 to $500,000

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.