Tornadoes · United States · Texas · 1975

F0 tornado, Howard County, Texas, May 22, 1975

This F0 tornado ran 1.0 miles across Howard County on May 22, 1975, touching down at 10:00 PM CDT and reaching 30 yards wide. It killed nobody.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. F040 to 72 mphthis tornado

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. F173 to 112 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. F2113 to 157 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. F3158 to 206 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. F4207 to 260 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. F5261 to 318 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
F0
Date
May 22, 1975
Touchdown
10:00 PM CDT (03:00 UTC)
Path length
1.0 miles (1.6 km)
Path width
30 yards (27 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
County
Howard County
Touchdown point
32.170, -101.470
Record number
433

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Midland Regional, TX (KMAF), 00:00Z

3.0 hours before the tornado, 73 km from the path. May 23, 1975.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Midland Regional, TX at 00:00Z on 1975-05-23Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 1238 joules per kilogram, CIN -32, lifted condensation level 2633 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Midland Regional, TX at 00:00Z on 1975-05-23The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 61 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 41 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1238 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-32 J/kg
Surface CAPE
360 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
2633 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
41 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
14 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
61 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
89 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
2.1
0-3 km lapse rate
9.0 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Midland Regional, TX (KMAF), 12:00Z

9.0 hours after it, 73 km from the path. May 23, 1975.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Midland Regional, TX at 12:00Z on 1975-05-23Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 0 joules per kilogram, CIN -10030, lifted condensation level 3137 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Midland Regional, TX at 12:00Z on 1975-05-23The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity -56 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 38 knots.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-10030 J/kg
Surface CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
3137 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
38 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
6 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
-56 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
60 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
5.0 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 1975 tornado in TexasEvery tornado in Texas since 1950Warnings in force in Texas nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of May 22, 1975

16 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
May 2211:15 AM MDTF2Bent, CO2.0220$500 to $5,000
May 2211:15 AM MDTF1Bent, CO2.3150
May 222:15 PM CDTF0Sherman, NE0.217$50,000 to $500,000
May 222:30 PM CDTF1Jewell, KS4.933$5,000 to $50,000
May 223:05 PM CDTF0Boone, NE0.217
May 223:13 PM CDTF0Wheeler, NE0.217$500 to $5,000
May 223:40 PM CDTF0Madison, NE0.217
May 224:55 PM CDTF0Cass, NE0.217
May 225:45 PM CDTF2Woodbury, IA0.110$5,000 to $50,000
May 226:10 PM CDTF0Scurry, TX0.520
May 226:40 PM CDTF0Wichita, TX0.110
May 227:30 PM CDTF1Dickinson, IA0.110$50 to $500
May 228:30 PM CDTF1Dickinson, IA0.110$50 to $500
May 228:30 PM CDTF1Dickinson, IA0.110$50 to $500
May 228:45 PM CDTF0Hutchinson, TX2.040
May 229:40 PM CDTF0Fisher, TX0.520

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.