Tornadoes · United States · Texas · 1957

F3 tornado, Jefferson County, Texas, November 7, 1957

This F3 tornado ran 3.6 miles across Jefferson County on November 7, 1957, touching down at 9:15 PM GMT-6 and reaching 200 yards wide. It killed 2 people and injured 59, and did $500,000 to $5 million of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. F040 to 72 mph

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. F173 to 112 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. F2113 to 157 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. F3158 to 206 mphthis tornado

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. F4207 to 260 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. F5261 to 318 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
F3
Date
November 7, 1957
Touchdown
9:15 PM GMT-6 (03:15 UTC)
Path length
3.6 miles (5.8 km)
Path width
200 yards (183 m)
Deaths
2
Injuries
59
Property damage
$500,000 to $5 million
County
Jefferson County
Touchdown point
29.950, -93.930
Lift-off point
29.970, -93.880
Record number
768

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Lake Charles Mun, LA (KLCH), 00:00Z

3.3 hours before the tornado, 70 km from the path. November 8, 1957.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Lake Charles Mun, LA at 00:00Z on 1957-11-08Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 1627 joules per kilogram, CIN -11, lifted condensation level 693 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Lake Charles Mun, LA at 00:00Z on 1957-11-08The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 0 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 0 knots.1939Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1627 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-11 J/kg
Surface CAPE
2507 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
693 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
0 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
0 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
0 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
0 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
5.9 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Lake Charles Mun, LA (KLCH), 12:00Z

8.7 hours after it, 70 km from the path. November 8, 1957.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Lake Charles Mun, LA at 12:00Z on 1957-11-08Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 0 joules per kilogram, CIN -12127, lifted condensation level 1120 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Lake Charles Mun, LA at 12:00Z on 1957-11-08The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity -2 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 39 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-12127 J/kg
Surface CAPE
2 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1120 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
39 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
12 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
-2 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
44 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
3.8 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 1957 tornado in TexasEvery tornado in Texas since 1950Warnings in force in Texas nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of November 7, 1957

13 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
November 72:30 PM GMT-6F2Caddo Parish, LA13.4100$5,000 to $50,000
November 72:30 PM GMT-6F1Jefferson Davis Parish, LA22.850$5,000 to $50,000
November 74:50 PM GMT-6F3Pointe Coupee Parish, LA3.6505$50,000 to $500,000
November 78:35 PM GMT-6F1Vernon Parish, LA1.050$5,000 to $50,000
November 78:45 PM GMT-6F1Jefferson, TX0.110$5,000 to $50,000
November 79:00 PM GMT-6F3Rapides Parish, LA13.367316$500,000 to $5 million
November 79:23 PM GMT-6F3Jefferson, TX1.5101$50,000 to $500,000
November 711:00 PM GMT-6F3Holmes, MS31.230021$50,000 to $500,000
November 711:05 PM GMT-6F1Claiborne, MS4.1100$50,000 to $500,000
November 711:27 PM GMT-6F4Orange, TX12.9200181$500,000 to $5 million
November 711:30 PM GMT-6F1Winston, MS0.110$5,000 to $50,000
November 711:30 PM GMT-6F1Lafayette Parish, LA2.050213$50,000 to $500,000
November 711:30 PM GMT-6F3Acadia Parish, LA9.2200410$50,000 to $500,000

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.