Tornadoes · United States · Oklahoma · 1998

F0 tornado, Porter, Oklahoma, June 18, 1998

This F0 tornado ran 0.5 miles across Wagoner County on June 18, 1998, touching down at 6:40 PM CDT and reaching 50 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $10,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. F040 to 72 mphthis tornado

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. F173 to 112 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. F2113 to 157 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. F3158 to 206 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. F4207 to 260 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. F5261 to 318 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
F0
Date
June 18, 1998
Touchdown
6:40 PM CDT (23:40 UTC)
Path length
0.5 miles (0.8 km)
Path width
50 yards (46 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$10,000
County
Wagoner County
Touchdown point
35.870, -95.600
Lift-off point
35.870, -95.600
Record number
279

What the Weather Service recorded

Summary of events for June 18-19 1998:An approaching cold front and a vigorous upper level low moving into the southern plains helped ignite an outbreak of severe thunderstorms on the late afternoon of June 18, lasting into the early morning of June 19. The first storms of the day formed along the I-44 corridor near the front with the severe weather emphasis slowly shifting southward during the evening and early morning. This outbreak of severe weather produced the full gamut of severe weather including very large hail to the size of baseballs, damaging thunderstorm winds, and a brief tornado touchdown. In addition, cell mergers were fairly common with this event, causing localized areas of excessive rainfall and flash flooding.

There was a brief tornado touchdown 5 miles west of Porter that blew a vehicle off of SH 51-A.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

2 minutes of warning. NWS TSA issued a tornado warning for this county at 23:38 UTC, 2 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 00:15 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
23:09 UTC23:45 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningTSA
23:38 UTC00:15 UTCTornado WarningTSA
00:15 UTC00:45 UTCTornado WarningTSA

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Slight Risk. The outlook in force was issued at 14:31 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Norman, OK (KOUN), 12:00Z

11.7 hours before the tornado, 178 km from the path. June 18, 1998.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Norman, OK at 12:00Z on 1998-06-18Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 1939 joules per kilogram, CIN -299, lifted condensation level 1074 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Norman, OK at 12:00Z on 1998-06-18The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 436 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 38 knots.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1939 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-299 J/kg
Surface CAPE
2505 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1074 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
38 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
38 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
436 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
495 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
1.7
0-3 km lapse rate
4.8 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Norman, OK (KOUN), 00:00Z

0.3 hours after it, 178 km from the path. June 19, 1998.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Norman, OK at 00:00Z on 1998-06-19Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 0 joules per kilogram, CIN -73133, lifted condensation level 3904 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Norman, OK at 00:00Z on 1998-06-19The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 21 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 31 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-73133 J/kg
Surface CAPE
207 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
3904 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
31 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
5 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
21 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
224 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
9.1 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The surface observations

Muskogee/Davis Field (MKO), 32 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

Time (UTC)Temp (°F)Dew point (°F)WindGust (kt)Pressure (mb)Weather
21:53 UTC9077200° 15 kt231010.5
22:53 UTC8777190° 12 kt1009.1
23:53 UTC8577190° 9 kt1010.8HZ
00:53 UTC7766 1013.2

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

The radar

The Tulsa radar (KINX), 34 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 23:41 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 1998 tornado in OklahomaEvery tornado in Oklahoma since 1950Warnings in force in Oklahoma nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of June 18, 1998

21 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
June 182:04 PM CDTF1Warren, IA13.040$10,000
June 183:10 PM EDTF0Monroe, FL0.330$10,000
June 183:10 PM CDTF0Burleigh, ND0.230
June 183:30 PM CDTF2Buchanan, IA20.030$800,000
June 183:40 PM CDTF1Buchanan, IA15.030$40,000
June 183:55 PM CDTF1Redwood, MN2.530
June 184:00 PM CDTF0Renville, MN0.130
June 184:07 PM CDTF0Redwood, MN0.130
June 184:18 PM CDTF1Renville, MN0.250$1.0 million
June 184:40 PM CDTF0Linn, IA0.130
June 184:41 PM CDTF0Cedar, IA0.130
June 185:00 PM CDTF1Louisa, IA1.01001$180,000
June 185:07 PM CDTF1Vernon, WI1.5120$100,000
June 185:10 PM CDTF0Grant, WI0.1401$200,000
June 185:10 PM CDTF0Louisa, IA0.130$2,000
June 185:10 PM CDTF2Mercer, IL6.0880$110,000
June 185:30 PM CDTF0Warren, IL0.130
June 186:30 PM CDTF0Bureau, IL0.130
June 186:55 PM CDTF0Lee, IL0.530
June 187:08 PM CDTF0Traill, ND0.230
June 189:57 PM CDTF0Montague, TX0.130

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.