Tornadoes · United States · North Dakota · 2011

EF0 tornado, Fullerton, North Dakota, July 17, 2011

This EF0 tornado ran 0.1 miles across Dickey County on July 17, 2011, touching down at 7:06 PM CDT and reaching 25 yards wide. It killed nobody.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mphthis tornado

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF0
Date
July 17, 2011
Touchdown
7:06 PM CDT (00:06 UTC)
Lifted
7:07 PM CDT (00:07 UTC)
On the ground
1 minutes
Path length
0.1 miles (0.1 km)
Path width
25 yards (23 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
County
Dickey County
Touchdown point
46.210, -98.430
Lift-off point
46.209, -98.429
Record number
1107171806-01

What the Weather Service recorded

A prolonged severe weather event materialized July 17th with an extremely unstable atmosphere present and supportive mid level dynamics. The first wave of storms occurred from the mid morning through the early afternoon hours as a short wave mid level impulse crested the central plains upper ridge across North Dakota. Storms intensified ahead of this feature, prompting the issuance of several severe thunderstorm and tornado warnings. Numerous reports of large hail and severe thunderstorm wind gusts were received. In addition, 3 confirmed tornadoes occurred with this first wave.||The second wave occurred from the mid afternoon through the mid evening hours. This mainly consisted of one supercell thunderstorm. Severe weather reports included very large hail, strong winds, and two confirmed tornadoes. This included an EF3 tornado in Lamoure County.

This tornado touched down in the open country. There were no impacts to structures and so no reports of damage. This was the same storm complex that produced the EF3 tornado earlier in Lamoure County.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

38 minutes of warning. NWS BIS issued a tornado warning for this county at 23:28 UTC, 38 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 00:30 UTC.

The county was under a tornado watch, issued at 22:00 UTC and running to 03:00 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
22:00 UTC03:00 UTCTornado WatchBIS
23:28 UTC00:30 UTCTornado WarningBIS
00:11 UTC00:45 UTCTornado WarningBIS
00:46 UTC01:45 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningBIS

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Slight Risk, with a 0.02 chance of a tornado within 25 miles. The outlook in force was issued at 19:57 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Aberdeen, SD (KABR), 00:00Z

0.1 hours before the tornado, 146 km from the path. July 18, 2011.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Aberdeen, SD at 00:00Z on 2011-07-18Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 5496 joules per kilogram, CIN -31, lifted condensation level 1457 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Aberdeen, SD at 00:00Z on 2011-07-18The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 68 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 39 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
5496 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-31 J/kg
Surface CAPE
7542 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1457 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
39 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
9 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
68 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
105 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
1.4
Supercell composite
13.8
0-3 km lapse rate
7.1 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Aberdeen, SD (KABR), 12:00Z

11.9 hours after it, 146 km from the path. July 18, 2011.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Aberdeen, SD at 12:00Z on 2011-07-18Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 4554 joules per kilogram, CIN -190, lifted condensation level 960 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Aberdeen, SD at 12:00Z on 2011-07-18The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 37 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 35 knots.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
4554 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-190 J/kg
Surface CAPE
1418 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
960 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
35 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
9 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
37 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
58 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
16.8
0-3 km lapse rate
3.6 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The surface observations

Oakes (2D5), 27 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

Time (UTC)Temp (°F)Dew point (°F)WindGust (kt)Pressure (mb)Weather
22:15 UTC89.684.21011.2VCTS
22:35 UTC89.6861011.5VCTS
22:55 UTC87.8861011.9VCTS
23:15 UTC86861012.2TS
23:35 UTC86861011.2TS
23:55 UTC86861011.5TS
00:15 UTC77771014.2TS
00:35 UTC73.473.41013.5TS
00:55 UTC73.471.61012.5TS
01:15 UTC73.473.41013.2VCTS -RA
01:35 UTC73.473.41012.2VCTS -RA
01:55 UTC75.275.21011.2

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

The radar

The Aberdeen radar (KABR), 84 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 00:06 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
21:22 UTCHAIL 2MillartonStutsman, NDRELAYED BY MEDIA.
22:22 UTCHAIL 0.25MillartonStutsman, NDCORRECTED TIME OF EVENT FROM 422 PM CDT TO 522 PM CDT. RELAYED BY MEDIA.
22:22 UTCHAIL 2MillartonStutsman, NDCORRECTED TIME OF EVENT FROM 422 PM CDT TO 522 PM CDT AND SIZE OF HAIL FROM 0.25 INCH TO 2.00 INCH DIAMETER. ERROR WAS THAT OF THE NWS IN TYPING THE REPORT. RELAYED BY MEDIA.
23:05 UTCTORNADO11 Ne EdgeleyLamoure, NDRELAYED BY LAW ENFORCEMENT. FARMSTEAD HIT BY TORNADO. HOUSE DAMAGED. NO INJURIES.
23:05 UTCTORNADO7 Se NortonvilleLamoure, ND*** 1 INJ *** UPPER BOUND EF3 TORNADO. WIND SPEEDS 165 MPH. MOVED SOUTHEAST AND LIFTED 6 MILES SOUTH SOUTHEAST OF BERLIN AROUND 645 PM CDT. TIMES ARE ESTIMATED. THIS WAS ALL WITHIN LAMOURE COUNTY. PATH LENGTH WAS 15 MILE
23:18 UTCHAIL 23 S Grand RapidsLamoure, NDGOLFBALL TO 2 INCH HAIL
23:24 UTCHAIL 2.751 N BerlinLamoure, NDGOLFBALL TO BASEBALL SIZE HAIL
23:29 UTCHAIL 1La MoureLamoure, NDHAIL LASTED 5 MINUTES.
23:29 UTCLIGHTNINGLa MoureLamoure, NDLIGHTNING CAUSED DAMAGE TO A BUILDING IN TOWN. FIRE DEPARTMENT RESPONDING.
23:35 UTCTORNADO2 W BerlinLamoure, NDSIGNIFICANT DAMAGE TO HOUSE FROM TORNADO.
23:42 UTCFUNNEL CLOUD5 N FullertonDickey, NDSTORM CHASER REPORTED FUNNEL CLOUD FOR 10 TO 15 SECONDS BEFORE IT BECAME RAIN WRAPPED. COULD NOT TELL IF TOUCHED DOWN.
23:45 UTCFUNNEL CLOUD3 W OakesDickey, NDCOUNTY SHERIFF REPORTED FUNNEL CLOUDS 3 WEST OF OAKES.
00:06 UTCTORNADO3 N FullertonDickey, NDREPORTS FROM EMERGENCY MANAGER OF FUNNEL WITH DEBRIS 3 N OF FULLERTON BUT WAS BECOMING RAIN WRAPPED.
00:20 UTCTSTM WND DMGMerricourtDickey, NDTIME IS ESTIMATED BASED ON RADAR. MANY TREES SNAPPED AROUND MERRICOURT...MAINLY EVERGREEN. ALL LYING IN A SIMILAR DIRECTION.
00:32 UTCTSTM WND GST 606 W GwinnerSargent, ND

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2011 tornado in North DakotaEvery tornado in North Dakota since 1950Warnings in force in North Dakota nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of July 17, 2011

8 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
July 1711:48 AM CDTEF0Wells, ND0.020
July 171:09 PM CDTEF1Eddy, ND1.0150$10,000
July 171:42 PM CDTEF0Foster, ND1.530
July 172:28 PM CDTEF0Foster, ND0.020
July 172:35 PM CDTEF0Griggs, ND5.0100
July 173:16 PM CDTEF0Griggs, ND1.575
July 175:23 PM CDTEF0Cass, ND0.515
July 175:57 PM CDTEF3LaMoure, ND16.28801$500,000

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.