Tornadoes · United States · New Mexico · 2018

EF0 tornado, Corona Faa Airport, New Mexico, May 21, 2018

This EF0 tornado ran 2.4 miles across Lincoln County on May 21, 2018, touching down at 8:07 PM MDT and reaching 50 yards wide. It killed nobody.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mphthis tornado

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF0
Date
May 21, 2018
Touchdown
8:07 PM MDT (02:07 UTC)
Lifted
8:10 PM MDT (02:10 UTC)
On the ground
3 minutes
Path length
2.4 miles (3.8 km)
Path width
50 yards (46 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
County
Lincoln County
Touchdown point
34.110, -105.520
Lift-off point
34.120, -105.480
Record number
1805212007-01

What the Weather Service recorded

A deep fetch of moisture surged north and west into New Mexico on May 21, 2018 ahead of an upper level low pressure system approaching from Arizona. The combination of strong afternoon heating and moist instability allowed showers and thunderstorms to develop along the Continental Divide during the mid to late morning hours of the 21st. Hail, high winds, and funnel clouds were reported along the Continental Divide before spreading northeastward into the Rio Grande Valley during the early afternoon. A cluster of thunderstorms that developed just southwest of the Albuquerque Metro Area around 3 pm dumped copious amounts of hail and torrential rainfall across the city. Some parts of Albuquerque reported up to one inch of rain in less than 20 minutes. One woman was killed and five others injured when they were swept away in the urban drainage system designed to carry flood waters. These storms shifted east into the high plains of eastern New Mexico through the late afternoon and evening hours with more widespread severe weather. The Raton area also saw copious amounts of hail and heavy rainfall. Lincoln County was particularly hard hit with large hail up to the size of golf balls. Hail accumulated to at least one foot east of Alto as several severe storms moved over the same area. A funnel cloud was also spotted to the northeast of Ruidoso Downs. Heavy rainfall and small hail spread eastward into the plains through the overnight hours where many parts of eastern New Mexico picked up between one and two inches of rainfall.

Spotters observed a wall cloud consolidate into a funnel then touch down to the surface with light debris and dust swirls for three minutes.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

No tornado warning for this county appears in the archive as in force at the moment the tornado touched down.

The county was under a severe thunderstorm watch, issued at 23:49 UTC and running to 05:00 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
19:00 UTC23:49 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WatchABQ
22:55 UTC23:24 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningABQ
23:49 UTC05:00 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WatchABQ
00:15 UTC00:58 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningABQ
00:39 UTC01:45 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningABQ
00:56 UTC02:00 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningABQ
01:26 UTC02:30 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningABQ
01:57 UTC03:00 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningABQ
02:23 UTC03:30 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningABQ
03:27 UTC04:30 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningABQ
19:44 UTC20:30 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningABQ
20:05 UTC20:34 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningABQ

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Slight Risk. The outlook in force was issued at 00:42 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Albuquerq/Krtlnd, NM (KABQ), 00:00Z

2.1 hours before the tornado, 145 km from the path. May 22, 2018.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Albuquerq/Krtlnd, NM at 00:00Z on 2018-05-22Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 2 joules per kilogram, CIN -107, lifted condensation level 2366 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Albuquerq/Krtlnd, NM at 00:00Z on 2018-05-22The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 124 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 53 knots.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
2 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-107 J/kg
Surface CAPE
499 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
2366 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
53 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
13 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
124 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
312 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.3
0-3 km lapse rate
8.5 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Albuquerq/Krtlnd, NM (KABQ), 12:00Z

9.9 hours after it, 145 km from the path. May 22, 2018.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Albuquerq/Krtlnd, NM at 12:00Z on 2018-05-22Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 64 joules per kilogram, CIN -183, lifted condensation level 1258 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Albuquerq/Krtlnd, NM at 12:00Z on 2018-05-22The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 101 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 44 knots.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
64 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-183 J/kg
Surface CAPE
122 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1258 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
44 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
15 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
101 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
152 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
6.0 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The surface observations

Ruidoso Regional (SRR), 73 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

Time (UTC)Temp (°F)Dew point (°F)WindGust (kt)Pressure (mb)Weather
00:35 UTC57.251.8130° 18 kt251018.6-TSRA
02:35 UTC505010° 12 kt1020.3VCTS -RA
03:15 UTC5050330° 12 kt211020VCTS RA
03:55 UTC5048.240° 5 kt1021.3VCTS

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

The radar

The Holloman AFB radar (KHDX), 129 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 02:06 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
01:42 UTCHAIL 19 Sw CoronaLincoln, NM
01:55 UTCHAIL 0.885 Sw CoronaLincoln, NM
02:03 UTCHAIL 1.251 S CoronaLincoln, NM
02:12 UTCHAIL 15 Sw CoronaLincoln, NM

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2018 tornado in New MexicoEvery tornado in New Mexico since 1950Warnings in force in New Mexico nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of May 21, 2018

4 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
May 213:35 PM MDTEF0Sandoval, NM3.820
May 215:15 PM MDTEF0Elbert, CO0.050
May 217:50 PM MDTEF0Torrance, NM0.320
May 2110:04 PM EDTEF0Brown, OH1.975$10,000

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.