Tornadoes · United States · New Jersey · 1994

F1 tornado, Runnemede, New Jersey, July 3, 1994

This F1 tornado ran 1.0 miles across Camden County on July 3, 1994, touching down at 3:30 PM EDT and reaching 500 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $50,000 to $500,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. F040 to 72 mph

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. F173 to 112 mphthis tornado

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. F2113 to 157 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. F3158 to 206 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. F4207 to 260 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. F5261 to 318 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
F1
Date
July 3, 1994
Touchdown
3:30 PM EDT (19:30 UTC)
Path length
1.0 miles (1.6 km)
Path width
500 yards (457 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$50,000 to $500,000
County
Camden County
Touchdown point
39.770, -74.980
Record number
697

What the Weather Service recorded

A F1 (Fujita Scale) tornado touched down in the Blackwood area of Gloucester Township in Camden County. The tornado touched down along Davistown Road where a large tree was uprooted and a five foot diameter maple tree was snapped. Damage continued northeast across Brooklyn Road to the Heinz Bakery Plant on Little Gloucester Road. Silo caps, roof vents and roof tar paper were either blown or peeled off. The greatest damage and area of maximum tornadic strength was inflicted upon the Kindercare Learning Center on Broadacres Drive. Fortunately this occurred on a Sunday and none of the usual 100 children were inside. Pine trees near the center were uprooted. Most of the roof of the center was lifted off. Aluminum siding was peeled off. Insulation and siding were found in trees 200 yards from the center. Its central air conditioning unit was blown 20 yards. Several chain link fences near the center were turned down and a dumpster was flipped over. Two trailers sitting on a loading dock of a supermarket near the Kindercare Center were blown over. The supermarket's roof ventilation system also sustained damage. The last tornado related damaged occurred about one quarter of a mile northeast of the Kindercare where large limbs were snapped off. No injuries were reported.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

No tornado warning for this county appears in the archive as in force at the moment the tornado touched down.

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a General Thunderstorms Risk. The outlook in force was issued at 07:32 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Atlantic City In, NJ (KACY), 12:00Z

7.5 hours before the tornado, 54 km from the path. July 3, 1994.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Atlantic City In, NJ at 12:00Z on 1994-07-03Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 402 joules per kilogram, CIN -102, lifted condensation level 1235 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Atlantic City In, NJ at 12:00Z on 1994-07-03The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity -6 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 22 knots.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
402 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-102 J/kg
Surface CAPE
382 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1235 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
22 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
8 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
-6 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
76 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
-0.2
0-3 km lapse rate
5.2 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Atlantic City In, NJ (KACY), 00:00Z

4.5 hours after it, 54 km from the path. July 4, 1994.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Atlantic City In, NJ at 00:00Z on 1994-07-04Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 16 joules per kilogram, CIN -181, lifted condensation level 1458 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Atlantic City In, NJ at 00:00Z on 1994-07-04The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 25 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 28 knots.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
16 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-181 J/kg
Surface CAPE
21 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1458 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
28 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
5 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
25 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
-62 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
4.9 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The surface observations

Philadelphia Intl (PHL), 24 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

Time (UTC)Temp (°F)Dew point (°F)WindGust (kt)Pressure (mb)Weather
18:00 UTC8768350° 9 kt1018.3DZ
19:00 UTC8667350° 8 kt1018.3DZ
20:00 UTC8268130° 14 kt171018.6
21:00 UTC7468140° 12 kt1019.6

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 1994 tornado in New JerseyEvery tornado in New Jersey since 1950Warnings in force in New Jersey nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of July 3, 1994

1 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
July 32:50 PM CDTF0Kidder, ND0.110

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.