Tornadoes · United States · Nevada · 2023

EF1 tornado, Halleck, Nevada, May 24, 2023

This EF1 tornado ran 1.2 miles across Elko County on May 24, 2023, touching down at 3:00 PM PDT and reaching 500 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $20,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mph

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mphthis tornado

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF1
Date
May 24, 2023
Touchdown
3:00 PM PDT (22:00 UTC)
Lifted
3:10 PM PDT (22:10 UTC)
On the ground
10 minutes
Path length
1.2 miles (1.9 km)
Path width
500 yards (457 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$20,000
County
Elko County
Touchdown point
40.890, -115.330
Lift-off point
40.900, -115.310
Record number
2305241600-01

The damage survey

9 damage points were recorded along this path by NWS LKN, in the Damage Assessment Toolkit the survey teams carry. The strongest indicator was rated EF1. The highest wind the damage implies is 86 mph.

  • In the pictures, the foundation albeit probably weak to stat, was moved, slanting the standing wall. Other photos show the shifting of the load bearing beam. The rancher said that wall was standing straight prior to the storm.
  • Shingle damage to the rood of the barn.
  • Video from the day of occurrence showed the tornado crossing SR-229. Here is a photo of some ripped up sagebrush left on the roadway the next
  • Here is a nearby photo of the shoulder showing matted down or pushed over sagebrush. Another indicator of the tornado crossing SR-229 in this area.

Survey points are preliminary and are the raw material the published rating was built from. Source: NWS Damage Assessment Toolkit.

What the Weather Service recorded

Thunderstorms caused gusty winds, hail, and even a tornado.

This tornado started around 1:40 PM PDT, south of Halleck, NV. At 2:00 PM PDT the first discernible damage path was observed at a nearby ranch southeast of Halleck. This tornado continued north and east, crossing SR-229 before dissipating around 2:10 PM PDT.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

No tornado warning for this county appears in the archive as in force at the moment the tornado touched down. One was issued for the county at another hour that day.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
13:52 UTC10:05 UTCFlood WarningLKN
18:38 UTC19:54 UTCFlood AdvisoryLKN
19:55 UTC20:30 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningLKN
20:13 UTC23:15 UTCFlash Flood WarningLKN
20:22 UTC20:45 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningLKN
20:43 UTC23:32 UTCFlash Flood WarningLKN
20:49 UTC23:46 UTCFlash Flood WarningLKN
20:51 UTC21:06 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningLKN
21:01 UTC21:30 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningLKN
21:01 UTC21:30 UTCTornado WarningLKN
21:25 UTC22:00 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningLKN

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Marginal Risk. The outlook in force was issued at 19:42 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Elko, NV (KLKN), 12:00Z

10.0 hours before the tornado, 94 km from the path. May 24, 2023.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Elko, NV at 12:00Z on 2023-05-24Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 0 joules per kilogram, CIN -174, lifted condensation level 1007 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Elko, NV at 12:00Z on 2023-05-24The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 137 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 42 knots.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-174 J/kg
Surface CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1007 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
42 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
18 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
137 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
120 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
5.4 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Elko, NV (KLKN), 00:00Z

2.0 hours after it, 94 km from the path. May 25, 2023.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Elko, NV at 00:00Z on 2023-05-25Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 0 joules per kilogram, CIN -80030, lifted condensation level 1552 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Elko, NV at 00:00Z on 2023-05-25The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity -3 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 32 knots.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-80030 J/kg
Surface CAPE
107 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1552 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
32 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
12 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
-3 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
105 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
7.4 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The radar

The Elko radar (KLRX), 126 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 21:59 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
20:00 UTCHAIL 1.53 Wnw Spring CreekElko, NVPUBLIC REPORT OF 1.25 TO 1.5 INCH HAIL.
20:40 UTCHAIL 1.52 Nnw South ForkElko, NVPHOTO OF 1.25 TO 1.5 INCH HAIL AGAINST RULER.
20:40 UTCTORNADO7 N LamoilleElko, NVFIRST TORNADO AS REPORTED IN PUBLIC PHOTOS.
20:46 UTCHAIL 1.52 N South ForkElko, NVPUBLIC PHOTOS OF 1.25 TO 1.5 INCH HAIL.
21:00 UTCTORNADO7 W Dorsey Basin SnotelElko, NVCONFIRMED TORNADOS ON GROUND FROM PUBLIC SOURCES. TWO SEPARATE TORNADOS IN SEQUENCE FROM SAME SUPERCELL.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2023 tornado in NevadaEvery tornado in Nevada since 1950Warnings in force in Nevada nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of May 24, 2023

4 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
May 245:35 PM MDTUnratedLaramie, WY0.150
May 246:26 PM MDTEF0Lincoln, CO0.025
May 246:49 PM MDTUnratedCurry, NM2.650
May 247:00 PM MDTUnratedCurry, NM1.740

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.