Tornadoes · United States · Missouri · 2024

EF0 tornado, Zora, Missouri, December 14, 2024

This EF0 tornado ran 1.7 miles across Benton County on December 14, 2024, touching down at 3:41 PM CST and reaching 75 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $12,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mphthis tornado

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF0
Date
December 14, 2024
Touchdown
3:41 PM CST (21:41 UTC)
Lifted
3:46 PM CST (21:46 UTC)
On the ground
5 minutes
Path length
1.7 miles (2.7 km)
Path width
75 yards (69 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$12,000
County
Benton County
Touchdown point
38.286, -93.110
Lift-off point
38.303, -93.092
Record number
2412141541-01

The damage survey

3 damage points were recorded along this path by NWS SGF, in the Damage Assessment Toolkit the survey teams carry. The strongest indicator was rated EF0. The highest wind the damage implies is 80 mph.

  • Structure was not anchored into ground with concrete, only wood beams down about 3 feet into the ground. Well-built barn next to it only had a single roof panel damaged.
  • Trees down in convergent pattern. Path width around 75 yards.

Survey points are preliminary and are the raw material the published rating was built from. Source: NWS Damage Assessment Toolkit.

What the Weather Service recorded

A few severe thunderstorms developed during the afternoon and evening of December 14th. A brief, weak tornado occurred in Benton County. A few low water crossings were affected due to heavy rainfall.

A National Weather Service storm survey determined that an EF-0 tornado occurred near the town of Zora. Several trees were damaged along with an outbuilding. The tornado traveled along a 1.7 mile path with maximum estimated winds at 80 mph and a path width of 75 yards.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

No tornado warning for this county appears in the archive as in force at the moment the tornado touched down.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
21:55 UTC22:30 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningSGF

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Springfield, MO (KSGF), 12:00Z

9.7 hours before the tornado, 167 km from the path. December 14, 2024.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Springfield, MO at 12:00Z on 2024-12-14Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 0 joules per kilogram, CIN -40409, lifted condensation level 539 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Springfield, MO at 12:00Z on 2024-12-14The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 372 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 52 knots.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-40409 J/kg
Surface CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
539 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
52 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
27 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
372 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
493 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
3.1 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Springfield, MO (KSGF), 00:00Z

2.3 hours after it, 167 km from the path. December 15, 2024.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Springfield, MO at 00:00Z on 2024-12-15Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 0 joules per kilogram, CIN -107677, lifted condensation level 936 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Springfield, MO at 00:00Z on 2024-12-15The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 80 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 52 knots.1939587897117Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-107677 J/kg
Surface CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
936 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
52 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
15 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
80 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
243 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
5.7 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The radar

The Pleasant Hill radar (KEAX), 116 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 21:39 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
21:41 UTCTORNADO1 Nnw ZoraBenton, MONWS storm survey determined that an EF0 tornado damaged trees and an outbuilding along a 1.7 mile long path near Zora, MO. Maximum winds were estimated at 80 mph with a path width of 75 yards.
21:42 UTCTSTM WND DMG1 N ZoraBenton, MOSpotter photos and videos indicate several large trees uprooted and large branches snapped, as well as a barn made of sheet metal ripped apart and thrown into nearby trees.
22:10 UTCTSTM WND DMG4 Se BarnumtonCamden, MOTime estimated by radar. Emergency management reported damage to a dock structure on Ski Valley Drive in the Roach area.
22:20 UTCWATERSPOUT1 Sse Old Linn CreekCamden, MOCorrects previous waterspout report from 1 SSE Old Linn Creek. Waterspout photographed and videoed near Mile Marker 31 on Lake of the Ozarks near Linn Creek Cove.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2024 tornado in MissouriEvery tornado in Missouri since 1950Warnings in force in Missouri nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of December 14, 2024

2 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
December 141:39 PM PSTEF1Santa Cruz, CA0.3305$10
December 144:20 PM CSTUnratedCamden, MO0.250

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.