Tornadoes · United States · Missouri · 2015

EF2 tornado, Burnham to Trask, Missouri, April 2, 2015

From Burnham to Trask, this EF2 tornado ran 7.6 miles across Howell County on April 2, 2015, touching down at 12:52 AM CDT and reaching 440 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $600,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mph

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mphthis tornado

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF2
Date
April 2, 2015
Touchdown
12:52 AM CDT (05:52 UTC)
Lifted
1:03 AM CDT (06:03 UTC)
On the ground
11 minutes
Path length
7.6 miles (12.2 km)
Path width
440 yards (402 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$600,000
County
Howell County
Touchdown point
36.910, -91.930
Lift-off point
36.924, -91.793
Record number
1504022352-01

The damage survey

8 damage points were recorded along this path by NWS SGF, in the Damage Assessment Toolkit the survey teams carry. The strongest indicator was rated EF2. The highest wind the damage implies is 132 mph.

  • Siding and roof damage to single residence home.

Survey points are preliminary and are the raw material the published rating was built from. Source: NWS Damage Assessment Toolkit.

What the Weather Service recorded

A cold front and associated upper level trough moved through the Missouri Ozarks region. Severe storms with some supercells developed and moved through the Missouri Ozarks with damaging winds, large hail, and several tornadoes were reported. Heavy rainfall and training of storms lead to minor flooding and flash flooding.

An EF-2 tornado tracked on the ground for approximately 7.6 miles near Pomona with a path width approximately 440 yards. This tornado destroyed two well built homes and three trailer homes. There was minor to moderate damage to 9 barns, two shops, and two public buildings. Numerous trees and power lines were blown down. Winds were estimated up to 120 mph.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

13 minutes of warning. NWS SGF issued a tornado warning for this county at 05:39 UTC, 13 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 06:15 UTC.

The county was under a tornado watch, issued at 00:05 UTC and running to 07:50 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
00:00 UTC11:13 UTCFlood WatchSGF
00:05 UTC07:50 UTCTornado WatchSGF
05:39 UTC06:15 UTCTornado WarningSGF
05:59 UTC06:20 UTCTornado WarningSGF
06:28 UTC07:15 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningSGF
07:58 UTC11:00 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WatchSGF
10:45 UTC11:15 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningSGF
15:48 UTC22:00 UTCFlood WarningSGF
21:55 UTC16:00 UTCFlood AdvisorySGF

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Enhanced Risk, with a 0.10 chance of a tornado within 25 miles. The outlook in force was issued at 00:49 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Springfield, MO (KSGF), 00:00Z

5.9 hours before the tornado, 172 km from the path. April 3, 2015.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Springfield, MO at 00:00Z on 2015-04-03Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 1838 joules per kilogram, CIN -4, lifted condensation level 1146 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Springfield, MO at 00:00Z on 2015-04-03The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 104 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 49 knots.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1838 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-4 J/kg
Surface CAPE
2570 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1146 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
49 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
12 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
104 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
149 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.8
Supercell composite
5.0
0-3 km lapse rate
6.9 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Springfield, MO (KSGF), 12:00Z

6.1 hours after it, 172 km from the path. April 3, 2015.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Springfield, MO at 12:00Z on 2015-04-03Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 0 joules per kilogram, CIN -98407, lifted condensation level 534 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Springfield, MO at 12:00Z on 2015-04-03The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 193 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 65 knots.1939587897117Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-98407 J/kg
Surface CAPE
1 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
534 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
65 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
23 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
193 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
422 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
1.8
0-3 km lapse rate
2.5 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The surface observations

West Plains (UNO), 6 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

Time (UTC)Temp (°F)Dew point (°F)WindGust (kt)Pressure (mb)Weather
03:53 UTC6761180° 9 kt1010.5
04:42 UTC6662170° 8 kt1010.5VCTS
04:53 UTC6662150° 6 kt1010.2-RA
05:09 UTC6662130° 6 kt1009.5VCTS -RA
05:32 UTC6662140° 8 kt1008.5TS
05:53 UTC6662160° 11 kt161007.8TSRA BR
05:59 UTC6560220° 22 kt381009.5TSRA
06:05 UTC6258310° 11 kt381010.2+TSRA BR
06:09 UTC6258270° 9 kt281009.8+TSRA BR
06:42 UTC6158320° 5 kt1010.2VCTS -RA BR
06:53 UTC61580° 0 kt1009.8VCTS -RA
07:11 UTC6158140° 7 kt1008.5

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

The radar

The Springfield radar (KSGF), 141 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 05:49 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
05:18 UTCTSTM WND DMG4 W DruryDouglas, MOTREES DOWN.
05:26 UTCTORNADOSsw VanzantDouglas, MOA TORNADO RATED EF-1 TRACKED FROM 0.4 MI SOUTH SOUTHWEST OF VANZANT FOR APPROXIMATELY 3 MINUTES BEFORE LIFTING 0.9 MI SOUTHEAST OF VANZANT. SEVERAL OUTBUILDINGS WERE DESTROYED...NUMEROUS TREES WERE UPROOTED AND POWERLINE
05:32 UTCTSTM WND GST 80VanzantDouglas, MONUMEROUS TREES DOWN ON HIGHWAY 95 AND ROUTE W.
05:51 UTCTSTM WND DMGPomonaHowell, MOHOUSE HEAVILY DAMAGED, TREES AND POWER LINES DOWN.
05:52 UTCTORNADO3 Nnw PomonaHowell, MORATING: EF-2 ESTIMATED PEAK WIND: 120 MPH PATH LENGTH /STATUTE/: 7.6 MILES PATH WIDTH /MAXIMUM/: 440 YARDS FATALITIES: 0 INJURIES: 0 START DATE: APR 03 2015 START TIME: 1252 AM CDT START LOCATION: 3 MI NORTH NORTHWEST OF
05:57 UTCTSTM WND DMGPomonaHowell, MOPOWER LINES WERE REPORTED DOWN IN POMONA. TIME ESTIMATED BY RADAR.
06:26 UTCTSTM WND DMG8 S Birch TreeOregon, MOSEVERAL TREES DOWN ACROSS HIGHWAY 99. TIME ESTIMATED.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2015 tornado in MissouriEvery tornado in Missouri since 1950Warnings in force in Missouri nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of April 2, 2015

12 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
April 25:50 PM MDTEF0Cheyenne, CO1.025
April 27:24 PM CDTEF0Labette, KS0.050
April 27:40 PM CDTEF0Labette, KS0.975
April 27:58 PM CDTEF0Cherokee, KS2.5100
April 28:10 PM CDTEF0Labette, KS0.050$5,000
April 29:31 PM EDTEF0Clark, OH0.1120$1,000
April 28:33 PM CDTEF0Barton, MO2.6100$5,000
April 29:09 PM CDTEF0Jasper, MO0.175$10,000
April 29:59 PM CDTEF1Craig, OK12.38001$275,000
April 211:25 PM CDTEF1McDonald, MO12.4100$20,000
April 212:26 AM CDTEF1Douglas, MO0.9100$15,000
April 212:40 AM CDTEF1Boone, AR6.9300$500,000

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.