Tornadoes · United States · Missouri · 1959

F2 tornado, Howard and Boone counties, Missouri, September 27, 1959

This F2 tornado ran 6.4 miles across Howard and Boone counties on September 27, 1959, touching down at 8:23 PM GMT-5 and reaching 50 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $5,000 to $50,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. F040 to 72 mph

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. F173 to 112 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. F2113 to 157 mphthis tornado

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. F3158 to 206 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. F4207 to 260 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. F5261 to 318 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
F2
Date
September 27, 1959
Touchdown
8:23 PM GMT-5 (01:23 UTC)
Path length
6.4 miles (10.3 km)
Path width
50 yards (46 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$5,000 to $50,000
Counties
Howard and Boone counties
Touchdown point
39.030, -92.670
Lift-off point
39.080, -92.500
Record number
552

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Columbia Regiona, MO (KCOU), 00:00Z

1.4 hours before the tornado, 42 km from the path. September 28, 1959.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Columbia Regiona, MO at 00:00Z on 1959-09-28Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 2165 joules per kilogram, CIN -55, lifted condensation level 1363 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Columbia Regiona, MO at 00:00Z on 1959-09-28The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 267 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 60 knots.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
2165 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-55 J/kg
Surface CAPE
2196 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1363 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
60 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
24 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
267 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
326 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
2.8
Supercell composite
8.2
0-3 km lapse rate
6.6 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Columbia Regiona, MO (KCOU), 12:00Z

10.6 hours after it, 42 km from the path. September 28, 1959.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Columbia Regiona, MO at 12:00Z on 1959-09-28Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 31 joules per kilogram, CIN -373, lifted condensation level 1150 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Columbia Regiona, MO at 12:00Z on 1959-09-28The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 211 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 63 knots.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
31 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-373 J/kg
Surface CAPE
5 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1150 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
63 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
27 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
211 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
255 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
4.4 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 1959 tornado in MissouriEvery tornado in Missouri since 1950Warnings in force in Missouri nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of September 27, 1959

6 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
September 277:00 PM GMT-5F2Labette, KS7.2440
September 277:00 PM GMT-5F4Craig, OK to KS20.444011$5,000 to $50,000
September 278:23 PM GMT-5F1Chariton, MO4.150$500 to $5,000
September 279:00 PM GMT-5F1Polk, MO0.2101$500 to $5,000
September 279:30 PM GMT-5F2McDonough, IL9.42001$50,000 to $500,000
September 279:55 PM GMT-5F0Callaway, MO0.110$50 to $500

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.