Tornadoes · United States · Mississippi · 2009

EF1 tornado, Spanish Fort to Lucre, Mississippi, May 10, 2009

From Spanish Fort to Lucre, this EF1 tornado ran 2.6 miles across Sharkey County on May 10, 2009, touching down at 5:40 PM CDT and reaching 50 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $2,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mph

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mphthis tornado

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF1
Date
May 10, 2009
Touchdown
5:40 PM CDT (22:40 UTC)
Lifted
5:44 PM CDT (22:44 UTC)
On the ground
4 minutes
Path length
2.6 miles (4.2 km)
Path width
50 yards (46 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$2,000
County
Sharkey County
Touchdown point
32.740, -90.810
Lift-off point
32.726, -90.768
Record number
0905101640-01

What the Weather Service recorded

During the afternoon and evening of the 10th, a small outbreak of severe storms occurred across the ArkLaMiss region. There were a number of reports of hail, wind damage, and a few tornadoes across the region. One of the strongest storms moved across Sharkey county. This storm produced an EF1 tornado in the Delta National Forest. Another strong storm produced three injuries in Rankin County, when broken and flying glass from a vehicle injured 3 people. Winds were estimated at 70 mph.

A number of hardwood and softwood trees were snapped and uprooted in a narrow path. One large hardwood was snapped across Road 703. Maximum winds were around 95 mph.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

34 minutes of warning. NWS JAN issued a tornado warning for this county at 22:06 UTC, 34 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 23:00 UTC.

The county was under a severe thunderstorm watch, issued at 18:29 UTC and running to 01:00 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
18:29 UTC01:00 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WatchJAN
21:57 UTC23:15 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningJAN
22:06 UTC23:00 UTCTornado WarningJAN
22:36 UTC23:30 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningJAN

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Slight Risk, with a 0.02 chance of a tornado within 25 miles. The outlook in force was issued at 19:44 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Jackson, MS (KJAN), 12:00Z

10.7 hours before the tornado, 81 km from the path. May 10, 2009.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Jackson, MS at 12:00Z on 2009-05-10Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 1410 joules per kilogram, CIN -36, lifted condensation level 553 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Jackson, MS at 12:00Z on 2009-05-10The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 36 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 22 knots.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1410 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-36 J/kg
Surface CAPE
47 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
553 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
22 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
14 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
36 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
102 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
-0.6
0-3 km lapse rate
3.4 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Jackson, MS (KJAN), 00:00Z

1.3 hours after it, 81 km from the path. May 11, 2009.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Jackson, MS at 00:00Z on 2009-05-11Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 1666 joules per kilogram, CIN -5, lifted condensation level 1226 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Jackson, MS at 00:00Z on 2009-05-11The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 47 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 33 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1666 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-5 J/kg
Surface CAPE
4126 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1226 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
33 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
10 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
47 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
101 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.6
Supercell composite
7.4
0-3 km lapse rate
7.3 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The radar

The Jackson/Brandon,MS radar (KDGX), 91 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 22:39 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
22:07 UTCTSTM WND DMG9 S MayersvilleIssaquena, MSTREES DOWN ALONG WITH SOME POWER LINES NEAR HIGHWAY 1. SOME DAMAGE WAS SUSTAINED BY A MOBILE HOME.
22:11 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 S MayersvilleIssaquena, MSTREES AND POWERLINES DOWN.
22:40 UTCTORNADO 18 Sw Holly BluffSharkey, MSA 2.2 MILE LONG EF1 TORNADO OCCURRED IN THE DELTA NATIONAL FOREST. A NUMBER OF HARDWOOD AND SOFTWOOD TREES WERE SNAPPED AND UPROOTED IN A NARROW PATH. 1 LARGE HARDWOOD WAS SNAPPED ACROSS ROAD 703. PATH WIDTH WAS 50 YDS A
23:10 UTCTSTM WND DMG4 Ese VicksburgWarren, MSA FEW TREES DOWN ON HIGHWAY 27.
23:42 UTCTSTM WND GST 60PocahontasHinds, MSESTIMATED IN THE POCAHONTAS AREA
23:42 UTCHAIL 0.75PocahontasHinds, MS
23:45 UTCTSTM WND DMG1 S PocahontasHinds, MSTREES DOWN ON PINEHAVEN DRIVE BETWEEN HIGHWAY 49 AND KICKAPOO ROAD. ALSO TREE DOWN ACROSS HIGHWAY 49 NEAR PINEHAVEN DRIVE
23:45 UTCTSTM WND DMG3 S PocahontasHinds, MSTREE DOWN SOUTH OF POCAHONTAS.
23:45 UTCTSTM WND GST 751 S PocahontasHinds, MSNUMEROUS TREES DOWN JUST S OF POCAHONTAS...SOME WERE DOWN ON PINEHAVEN DRIVE BETWEEN HIGHWAY 49 AND KICKAPOO ROAD. ALSO TREE DOWN ACROSS HIGHWAY 49 NEAR PINEHAVEN DRIVE.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2009 tornado in MississippiEvery tornado in Mississippi since 1950Warnings in force in Mississippi nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of May 10, 2009

1 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
May 103:44 PM CDTEF0Natchitoches Parish, LA2.475

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.