Tornadoes · United States · Mississippi · 1996

F0 tornado, Mulberry to Buckatunna, Mississippi, March 18, 1996

From Mulberry to Buckatunna, this F0 tornado ran 12.0 miles across Wayne County on March 18, 1996, touching down at 4:45 PM CST and reaching 200 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $40,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. F040 to 72 mphthis tornado

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. F173 to 112 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. F2113 to 157 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. F3158 to 206 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. F4207 to 260 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. F5261 to 318 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
F0
Date
March 18, 1996
Touchdown
4:45 PM CST (22:45 UTC)
Path length
12.0 miles (19.3 km)
Path width
200 yards (183 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$40,000
County
Wayne County
Touchdown point
31.430, -88.630
Lift-off point
31.570, -88.500
Record number
359

What the Weather Service recorded

A TORNADO MOVED OUT OF PERRY COUNTY AND INTO WAYNE COUNTY THREE MILES SOUTHWEST OF MULBERRY. THE STORM WAS ON THE GROUND FOR ABOUT THREE MILES AND THEN LIFTED BACK INTO THE CLOUD ABOUT TWO MILES SOUTHEAST OF MULBERRY. DAMAGE WAS CONFINED TO TREES AND POWER LINES BEING BLOWN DOWN.

THE SAME STORM SYSTEM DROPPED ANOTHER TORNADO ABOUT NINE MILES SOUTHWEST OF BUCKATUNNA. THE TORNADO MOVED EAST NORTHEAST AND PASSED NEAR THE CITY OF BUCKATUNNA. THE TORNADO CONTINUED ON ACROSS U. S. HIGHWAY 45 AND THEN LIFTED BACK INTO THE CLOUD JUST BEFORE ENTERING INTO SOUTHWEST ALABAMA, ABOUT THREE MILES NORTHEAST OF BUCKATUNNA. THE TORNADO SKIPPED ALONG THE GROUND MOSTLY ALONG OPEN FARM LAND FOR ABOUT TWELVE MILES. DAMAGE WAS CONFINED TO MOSTLY DOWNED TREES AND POWER LINES. IN THE CITY OF BUCKATUNNA, SOME HOMES SUFFERED MINOR ROOF DAMAGE FROM SHINGLES BEING BLOWN OFF AND ALSO FROM TREES BEING BLOWN ON HOMES. NO INJURIES WERE REPORTED.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

No tornado warning for this county appears in the archive as in force at the moment the tornado touched down. One was issued for the county at another hour that day.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
08:29 UTC09:15 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningMOB
22:46 UTC23:30 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningMOB
22:57 UTC00:00 UTCTornado WarningMOB

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a High Risk. The outlook in force was issued at 06:00 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Jackson, MS (KJAN), 12:00Z

10.8 hours before the tornado, 170 km from the path. March 18, 1996.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Jackson, MS at 12:00Z on 1996-03-18Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 0 joules per kilogram, CIN -47508, lifted condensation level 1166 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Jackson, MS at 12:00Z on 1996-03-18The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 61 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 42 knots.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-47508 J/kg
Surface CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1166 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
42 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
7 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
61 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
125 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
4.9 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Jackson, MS (KJAN), 00:00Z

1.2 hours after it, 170 km from the path. March 19, 1996.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Jackson, MS at 00:00Z on 1996-03-19Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 1 joules per kilogram, CIN -30, lifted condensation level 759 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Jackson, MS at 00:00Z on 1996-03-19The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity -63 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 17 knots.1939587897117Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-30 J/kg
Surface CAPE
80 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
759 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
17 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
17 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
-63 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
-42 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
6.0 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 1996 tornado in MississippiEvery tornado in Mississippi since 1950Warnings in force in Mississippi nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of March 18, 1996

20 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
March 182:05 PM CSTF1Copiah, MS4.0100$100,000
March 182:15 PM CSTF1Rankin, MS9.0100$50,000
March 182:20 PM CSTF0Simpson, MS2.570$4,000
March 183:30 PM CSTF1Perry, MS12.0300$30,000
March 183:50 PM CSTF1Wayne, MS12.0300$10,000
March 184:16 PM CSTF1Perry, MS8.0200$10,000
March 184:22 PM CSTF1Wayne, MS3.0200$10,000
March 184:30 PM CSTF0Washington, AL4.0300$10,000
March 184:34 PM CSTF0Washington, AL5.0300$10,000
March 185:00 PM CSTF1Clarke, AL3.0250$50,000
March 185:30 PM CSTF0Clarke, AL3.02001$70,000
March 185:30 PM CSTF1Clarke, AL8.020015$1.0 million
March 185:45 PM CSTF1Clarke, AL5.0200$30,000
March 186:05 PM CSTF1Dallas, AL4.070$120,000
March 186:07 PM CSTF2Monroe, AL11.02005$150,000
March 186:52 PM CSTF1Coosa, AL6.0100$500,000
March 187:12 PM CSTF1Tallapoosa, AL6.090$150,000
March 187:12 PM CSTF2Lowndes, AL19.01002$100,000
March 188:05 PM CSTF1Elmore, AL0.970$150,000
March 188:23 PM CSTF3Elmore, AL24.0440$700,000

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.