Tornadoes · United States · Michigan · 2018

EF0 tornado, Cressery to Milo, Michigan, September 1, 2018

From Cressery to Milo, this EF0 tornado ran 0.4 miles across Barry County on September 1, 2018, touching down at 7:08 PM EDT and reaching 100 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $150,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mphthis tornado

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF0
Date
September 1, 2018
Touchdown
7:08 PM EDT (23:08 UTC)
Lifted
7:10 PM EDT (23:10 UTC)
On the ground
2 minutes
Path length
0.4 miles (0.6 km)
Path width
100 yards (91 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$150,000
County
Barry County
Touchdown point
42.429, -85.450
Lift-off point
42.436, -85.444
Record number
1809011708-01

The damage survey

11 damage points were recorded along this path by NWS GRR, in the Damage Assessment Toolkit the survey teams carry. The strongest indicator was rated EF0. The highest wind the damage implies is 75 mph.

  • two pine trees out of around 100
  • two trees snapped at top. fell on home.

Survey points are preliminary and are the raw material the published rating was built from. Source: NWS Damage Assessment Toolkit.

What the Weather Service recorded

Severe thunderstorms developed across central, southern, and southwestern Lower Michigan during the late afternoon and evening of September 1st, 2018. Four tornadoes occurred. Most of the damage was confined to trees and associated structural damage due to falling trees. Some of the storms were well-photographed and had a visible structure resembling supercell thunderstorms, including rotating rain-free updraft bases, wall clouds, and brief funnel clouds.

An NWS storm survey confirmed that an EF-0 struck near Hickory Corners. Several trees and limbs were snapped on the northwest and northern ends of Little Long Lake in Barry county. Snapped trees also fell on a home.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

12 minutes of warning. NWS GRR issued a tornado warning for this county at 22:56 UTC, 12 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 23:16 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
22:34 UTC23:15 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningGRR
22:56 UTC23:16 UTCTornado WarningGRR
01:32 UTC11:10 UTCFlood WatchGRR

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Marginal Risk. The outlook in force was issued at 19:57 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Detroit, MI (KDTX), 12:00Z

11.1 hours before the tornado, 168 km from the path. September 1, 2018.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Detroit, MI at 12:00Z on 2018-09-01Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 214 joules per kilogram, CIN -143, lifted condensation level 1058 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Detroit, MI at 12:00Z on 2018-09-01The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 33 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 26 knots.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
214 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-143 J/kg
Surface CAPE
56 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1058 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
26 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
21 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
33 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
-12 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.2
0-3 km lapse rate
4.3 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Detroit, MI (KDTX), 00:00Z

0.9 hours after it, 168 km from the path. September 2, 2018.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Detroit, MI at 00:00Z on 2018-09-02Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 253 joules per kilogram, CIN -84, lifted condensation level 1159 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Detroit, MI at 00:00Z on 2018-09-02The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 108 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 32 knots.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
253 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-84 J/kg
Surface CAPE
1237 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1159 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
32 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
15 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
108 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
244 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.1
Supercell composite
1.7
0-3 km lapse rate
5.2 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The radar

The Grand Rapids radar (KGRR), 52 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 23:09 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
22:50 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 Sse PlainwellKalamazoo, MITREES DOWN AT INTERSECTION OF AB AVENUE AND DOUGLAS AVENUE. TIME ESTIMATED FROM RADAR.
23:08 UTCTORNADO4 Wsw Hickory CornersBarry, MIEF-0 TORNADO WITH 75 MPH WINDS WAS CONFIRMED AT THE NORTH END OF LITTLE LONG LAKE. THE PATH WAS ESTIMATED AT 0.4 MILES LONG AND 100 YARDS WIDE. SEVERAL TREES AND LIMBS WERE SNAPPED. A HOUSE WAS DAMAGED BY FALLING TREES.
23:28 UTCTSTM WND DMG4 Sw BurlingtonCalhoun, MITREE DOWN ON NORTH BROADWAY STREET JUST NORTH OF THE BRANCH COUNTY LINE IN UNION CITY. TIME ESTIMATED FROM RADAR.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2018 tornado in MichiganEvery tornado in Michigan since 1950Warnings in force in Michigan nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of September 1, 2018

4 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
September 12:15 PM MDTEF0Taos, NM0.320
September 17:46 PM EDTEF0Mecosta, MI0.8100$150,000
September 18:12 PM EDTEF0Jackson, MI1.5225$100,000
September 18:35 PM EDTEF0Clinton, MI4.0100$200,000

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.