Tornadoes · United States · Michigan · 2008

EF1 tornado, Plainwell to Doster, Michigan, April 8, 2008

From Plainwell to Doster, this EF1 tornado ran 4.7 miles across Barry and Allegan counties on April 8, 2008, touching down at 1:39 AM EDT and reaching 100 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $250,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mph

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mphthis tornado

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF1
Date
April 8, 2008
Touchdown
1:39 AM EDT (05:39 UTC)
Lifted
1:44 AM EDT (05:44 UTC)
On the ground
5 minutes
Path length
4.7 miles (7.5 km)
Path width
100 yards (91 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$250,000
Counties
Barry and Allegan counties
Touchdown point
42.440, -85.581
Lift-off point
42.489, -85.518
Record number
0804082339-01

What the Weather Service recorded

A National Weather Service storm survey determined that damage in the southeast corner of Allegan county northeast into Barry county was caused by an EF-1 tornado. The tornado was on the ground for nearly five miles and did significant damage to a horse barn, lifted a trailer adjacent to the barn, damaged gravel yard equipment, lofted a tank, and uprooted numerous large trees. Some trees were snapped off. There were no injuries.

A National Weather Service storm survey determined that damage in the vicinity of 388 3rd Street in the southeast corner of Allegan county was caused by a tornado. The tornado was rated an EF-1 on the Enhanced Fujita Damage Scale. The tornado touched down just southwest of the above address in Allegan county.||The tornado was on the ground for nearly five miles, and traveled to the northeast. It did significant damage to a horse barn, lifted a trailer adjacent to the barn, damaged gravel yard equipment, lofted a tank, and uprooted numerous large trees. Some trees were snapped off.||No one was injured. The damage was concentrated about four miles east of Plainwell and extended from the 300 block of 102nd Avenue to the northeast, crossing 106th Avenue in the 100 to 200 block section.

A National Weather Service storm survey determined that the EF-1 tornado that touched down just southwest of 388 3rd Street in the southeast corner of Allegan county continued northeast into Barry county. The tornado knocked down numerous trees near Pine Lake, southwest of Prairieville.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

No tornado warning for this county appears in the archive as in force at the moment the tornado touched down.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
05:17 UTC05:47 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningGRR

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a General Thunderstorms Risk. The outlook in force was issued at 00:55 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Detroit, MI (KDTX), 00:00Z

5.7 hours before the tornado, 176 km from the path. April 9, 2008.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Detroit, MI at 00:00Z on 2008-04-09Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 0 joules per kilogram, CIN -128411, lifted condensation level 1980 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Detroit, MI at 00:00Z on 2008-04-09The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 190 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 47 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-128411 J/kg
Surface CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1980 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
47 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
25 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
190 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
250 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
5.5 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Detroit, MI (KDTX), 12:00Z

6.3 hours after it, 176 km from the path. April 9, 2008.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Detroit, MI at 12:00Z on 2008-04-09Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 0 joules per kilogram, CIN -101100, lifted condensation level 931 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Detroit, MI at 12:00Z on 2008-04-09The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity -15 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 55 knots.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-101100 J/kg
Surface CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
931 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
55 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
27 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
-15 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
17 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
4.4 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The radar

The Grand Rapids radar (KGRR), 48 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 05:37 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
05:15 UTCHAIL 0.5LawrenceVan Buren, MI
05:27 UTCLIGHTNING3 Ssw KentwoodKent, MITOP HALF OF HOUSE BURNED AWAY BY A SMOLDERING FIRE IN THE ATTIC. TIME BASED ON LIGHTNING DETECTION NETWORK DATA.
05:35 UTCTSTM WND DMGPlainwellAllegan, MIAT LEAST 15 TREES DOWN AND ONE HOUSE DAMAGED. SWATH OF DAMAGE BEGAN IN THE 300 BLOCK OF 102ND AVENUE AND CONTINUED TO THE 100 TO 200 BLOCK OF 106TH AVENUE. HOUSE WAS DAMAGED ON 3RD STREET.
05:39 UTCTORNADO4 E PlainwellAllegan, MINWS SURVEY CONFIRMED EF1 TORNADO DAMAGE TO TREES AND STRUCTURES. A HORSE BARN AND AN ADJACENT TRAILER WERE DAMAGED. THERE WAS ALSO DAMAGE TO GRAVEL YARD EQUIPMENT. IT LOFTED A TANK AND ALSO UPROOTED OR SNAPPED OFF NUMERO
05:40 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 Sw PrairievilleBarry, MISEVERAL TREES DOWN AROUND PINE LAKE. THIS WAS A CONTINUATION OF THE DAMAGE PATH FROM PLAINWELL.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2008 tornado in MichiganEvery tornado in Michigan since 1950Warnings in force in Michigan nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of April 8, 2008

1 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
April 88:18 PM CDTEF0Coryell, TX1.850

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.