Tornadoes · United States · Massachusetts · 2021

EF0 tornado, East Bolton, Massachusetts, August 23, 2021

This EF0 tornado ran 0.1 miles across Worcester County on August 23, 2021, touching down at 12:30 PM EDT and reaching 50 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $2,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mphthis tornado

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF0
Date
August 23, 2021
Touchdown
12:30 PM EDT (16:30 UTC)
Path length
0.1 miles (0.2 km)
Path width
50 yards (46 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$2,000
County
Worcester County
Touchdown point
42.438, -71.565
Lift-off point
42.438, -71.565
Record number
2108231030-01

What the Weather Service recorded

Tropical Storm Henri made landfall in southwest Rhode Island around noon on August 22nd, then moved slowly northwestward and westward across northern Connecticut and weakened. Henri brought strong wind gusts and flash flooding. The strongest gusts -- to 70 mph -- occurred along the Rhode Island coast. The worst flash flooding occurred in northeast Connecticut.||As the remnants of Henri moved eastward across southern New England on August 23rd, it spawned three tornadoes and a waterspout in MA and also it caused some renewed flooding.||The highest rainfall totals over the two-day period ranged from 5 to 6 inches in Hartford and Tolland Counties in northern Connecticut and in Franklin, Hampshire, and Hampden Counties in western Massachusetts.

In Bolton, a small, brief tornado touched down, causing minor damage between roughly 175 and 198 Main Street. One tree was knocked down onto wires and a large branch was ripped from another tree. It is believed that a funnel cloud initially formed a short distance to the southeast of where the damage was observed, and as it moved northwest, it briefly touched down. Radar data indicated rotation associated with a shower that moved over the area to be very similar to what was observed with the Marlborough tornado a short while earlier.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

45 minutes of warning. NWS BOX issued a tornado warning for this county at 15:45 UTC, 45 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 16:30 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
15:45 UTC16:30 UTCTornado WarningBOX
16:26 UTC17:09 UTCTornado WarningBOX
17:35 UTC18:15 UTCTornado WarningBOX

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Marginal Risk, with a 0.02 chance of a tornado within 25 miles. The outlook in force was issued at 16:30 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Albany, NY (KALY), 12:00Z

4.5 hours before the tornado, 188 km from the path. August 23, 2021.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Albany, NY at 12:00Z on 2021-08-23Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 40 joules per kilogram, CIN -54, lifted condensation level 666 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Albany, NY at 12:00Z on 2021-08-23The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 180 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 23 knots.1939Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
40 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-54 J/kg
Surface CAPE
249 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
666 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
23 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
25 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
180 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
154 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
5.1 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Albany, NY (KALY), 00:00Z

7.5 hours after it, 188 km from the path. August 24, 2021.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Albany, NY at 00:00Z on 2021-08-24Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 0 joules per kilogram, CIN -74327, lifted condensation level 859 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Albany, NY at 00:00Z on 2021-08-24The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 0 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 27 knots.1939Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-74327 J/kg
Surface CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
859 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
27 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
13 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
0 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
-2 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
5.2 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The surface observations

Fitchburg (FIT), 20 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

Time (UTC)Temp (°F)Dew point (°F)WindGust (kt)Pressure (mb)Weather
14:30 UTC80° 5 kt1012.5
14:35 UTC120° 7 kt1012.5
14:40 UTC110° 8 kt1012.5
14:45 UTC110° 7 kt1012.5
14:50 UTC100° 5 kt1012.5
14:52 UTC7768100° 6 kt1012.5
14:55 UTC90° 5 kt1012.5
15:00 UTC70° 7 kt1012.5
15:05 UTC100° 5 kt1012.5
15:10 UTC100° 5 kt1012.5
15:15 UTC100° 7 kt1012.2
15:20 UTC90° 5 kt1012.2
15:25 UTC120° 9 kt1012.2
15:30 UTC70° 7 kt1012.2
15:35 UTC100° 8 kt1012.2
15:40 UTC90° 7 kt1012.2
15:45 UTC110° 7 kt1012.2
15:50 UTC100° 5 kt1011.9
15:52 UTC7869100° 7 kt1011.9
15:55 UTC80° 5 kt1011.9
16:00 UTC90° 7 kt1011.9
16:05 UTC90° 7 kt1011.9
16:10 UTC90° 5 kt1011.5
16:15 UTC120° 5 kt1011.5
16:17 UTC7969 6 kt1011.5
16:20 UTC100° 7 kt1011.5
16:25 UTC80° 7 kt1011.5
16:30 UTC80° 5 kt1011.2
16:35 UTC120° 7 kt1011.2
16:40 UTC80° 7 kt1011.2
16:45 UTC110° 10 kt1011.2
16:50 UTC90° 7 kt1011.2
16:52 UTC8069100° 7 kt1011.2
16:55 UTC90° 10 kt1011.2
17:00 UTC100° 7 kt1011.2
17:05 UTC100° 7 kt1011.2-RA
17:10 UTC100° 5 kt1011.2-RA
17:14 UTC7869110° 7 kt1011.2
17:20 UTC110° 5 kt1011.2
17:25 UTC80° 4 kt1010.8
17:30 UTC90° 4 kt1010.8
17:35 UTC120° 8 kt1010.8
17:40 UTC100° 8 kt1010.8-RA
17:45 UTC100° 7 kt1010.8-RA
17:50 UTC100° 7 kt1010.8
17:52 UTC7970110° 8 kt1010.8
17:55 UTC100° 8 kt1010.8
18:00 UTC110° 5 kt1010.8
18:05 UTC100° 7 kt1010.8
18:10 UTC140° 7 kt1010.5
18:15 UTC90° 7 kt1010.5
18:20 UTC90° 8 kt1010.5
18:25 UTC100° 8 kt1010.5

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

The radar

The Boston radar (KBOX), 64 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 16:27 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
15:45 UTCTORNADO3 Sw MarlboroughMiddlesex, MASPOTTER WAS WATCHING TORNADO AT THE TIME OF THE CALL.
15:50 UTCTORNADOMarlboroughMiddlesex, MALARGE LIMB DOWN ON VEHICLE ON CEDAR HILL STREET.
16:30 UTCTORNADO2 E BoltonWorcester, MANWS NORTON SURVEY TEAM CONFIRMED AN EF0 TORNADO BETWEEN 175 AND 198 MAIN ST IN BOLTON. THIS CAUSED MINOR DAMAGE CONSISTING OF TREES KNOCKED DOWN INTO POWERLINE WIRES AND A LARGE TREE BRANCH THAT WAS RIPPED FROM ANOTHER T
17:10 UTCTORNADOStowMiddlesex, MANWS NORTON SURVEY TEAM CONFIRMED AN EF0 TORNADO IN STOW AT 110 PM. THIS TORNADO CAUSED MINOR DAMAGE ON STATE HIGHWAY 117 NEAR THE STOW POLICE DEPARTMENT. THE TORNADO KNOCKED DOWN A LARGE TREE AND A LARGE BRANCH. THIS TOR
17:35 UTCFUNNEL CLOUDBoxboroughMiddlesex, MASPOTTER REPORTED A ROTATING FUNNEL CLOUD LOWERING AT THE TIME OF THE REPORT.
19:29 UTCWATERSPOUTAshburnhamWorcester, MAVIDEO SHOWS A WATERSPOUT ON SUNSET LAKE IN ASHBURNHAM. RELAYED BY BROADCAST METEOROLOGIST.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2021 tornado in MassachusettsEvery tornado in Massachusetts since 1950Warnings in force in Massachusetts nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of August 23, 2021

2 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
August 2311:40 AM EDTEF0Middlesex, MA0.810$8,000
August 231:10 PM EDTEF0Middlesex, MA0.150$2,000

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.