EF1 tornado, Round Hill to White Hall, Kentucky, December 11, 2021

1. EF065 to 85 mph

   Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

2. EF186 to 110 mphthis tornado

   Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

3. EF2111 to 135 mph

   Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

4. EF3136 to 165 mph

   Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

5. EF4166 to 200 mph

   Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

6. EF5over 200 mph

   Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

7. Unrated

   The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

Rating

EF1

Date

December 11, 2021

Touchdown

4:31 AM EST (09:31 UTC)

Lifted

4:32 AM EST (09:32 UTC)

On the ground

1 minutes

Path length

1.2 miles (1.9 km)

Path width

125 yards (114 m)

Deaths

0

Injuries

0

County

Madison County

Touchdown point

37.824, -84.330

Lift-off point

37.831, -84.310

Record number

2112110331-01

17 damage points were recorded along this path by NWS LMK, in the Damage Assessment Toolkit the survey teams carry. The strongest indicator was rated EF1. The highest wind the damage implies is 90 mph.

• Went branch bc wind range for snap was too high for damage to Bradford pear
• Top of Pine, snapped and throwing 30 yards into the fence

Survey points are preliminary and are the raw material the published rating was built from. Source: NWS Damage Assessment Toolkit.

Strong southern winds brought warm temperatures and plenty of moisture into an environment of strong wind shear ahead of an advancing cold front. This resulted in unusually warm temperatures for a December day and the ingredients to produce a historic tornado outbreak and flash flooding. This included multiple long track tornadoes. Central Kentucky saw 18 tornadoes that injured 96 and killed 18. An additional death occurred in a flash flood.

The tornado touched down just west of Highway 595, northwest of the Kirksville community in western Madison county. There were some twisted trees in a forest grove. The tornado then hit an old farmhouse as well as a 30 X 50 foot barn. Damage from the barn was thrown to the southeast, east, northeast, and north direction. This tornado was very intermittent and was skipping with peak wind speeds of 90 mph, and widths ranging from 40 yards to a max of 75 yards. ||The NWS drone found a few twisted trees up to a quarter of a mile northeast of the farmhouse. There was no damage past that point. Immediately north of the farmhouse tornado damage, there was an older barn destroyed as well as an older tree knocked over. This was straight line wind damage of 50 to 55 mph.

The tornado touched down just southwest of the intersection of Clay Lane and Lexington Road. There was roof and gutter damage along with one uprooted tree. Several soft pines and cedar trees were twisted and topped, as the tornado crossed |Interstate 75. There was extensive roof damage to a home just north of the Whitehall Baptist Church. NWS drone technology found sporadic tree damage consisting mainly of twisted and topping of trees. The tornado continued east northeast another half mile to Ole Daniel Boone Road, where it damaged a tobacco barn roof. The tornado then lifted.|This tornado was very intermittent and was skipping with peak wind speeds of 90 mph, and widths ranging from 50 yards to a max of 125 yards.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

32 minutes of warning. NWS LMK issued a tornado warning for this county at 08:59 UTC, 32 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 09:45 UTC.

The county was under a tornado watch, issued at 07:29 UTC and running to 14:00 UTC.

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Slight Risk, with a 0.05 chance of a tornado within 25 miles. The outlook in force was issued at 05:48 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

The Jackson,KY radar (KJKL), 92 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 09:33 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

The live radar over the trackEvery 2021 tornado in KentuckyEvery tornado in Kentucky since 1950Warnings in force in Kentucky nowThe forecast where you are

37 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.