Tornadoes · United States · Kentucky · 2004

F0 tornado, Hardinsburg, Kentucky, June 12, 2004

This F0 tornado ran 0.8 miles across Breckinridge County on June 12, 2004, touching down at 11:55 AM CDT and reaching 50 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $100,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. F040 to 72 mphthis tornado

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. F173 to 112 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. F2113 to 157 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. F3158 to 206 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. F4207 to 260 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. F5261 to 318 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
F0
Date
June 12, 2004
Touchdown
11:55 AM CDT (16:55 UTC)
Path length
0.8 miles (1.3 km)
Path width
50 yards (46 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$100,000
County
Breckinridge County
Touchdown point
37.780, -86.470
Lift-off point
37.780, -86.450
Record number
244

What the Weather Service recorded

A tornado touched down just east of Old U.S. Highway 60 in Hardinsburg near the Breckinridge County Emergency Management Center. It damaged many trees along a path toward Meadowside Apartments. There was roof damage to several apartments in two complexes. The tornado tore the porch off a church. It overturned a mobile home on Cody Lane. There was also some structural and tree damage nearby caused by straight line winds. Only minor injuries were reported.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

No tornado warning for this county appears in the archive as in force at the moment the tornado touched down. One was issued for the county at another hour that day.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
16:57 UTC17:30 UTCTornado WarningLMK

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Slight Risk. The outlook in force was issued at 15:47 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Nashville Metro, TN (KBNA), 12:00Z

4.9 hours before the tornado, 184 km from the path. June 12, 2004.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Nashville Metro, TN at 12:00Z on 2004-06-12Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 1896 joules per kilogram, CIN -27, lifted condensation level 911 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Nashville Metro, TN at 12:00Z on 2004-06-12The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 91 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 15 knots.1939Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1896 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-27 J/kg
Surface CAPE
1047 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
911 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
15 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
20 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
91 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
73 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
4.9 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Nashville Metro, TN (KBNA), 00:00Z

7.1 hours after it, 184 km from the path. June 13, 2004.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Nashville Metro, TN at 00:00Z on 2004-06-13Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 398 joules per kilogram, CIN -133, lifted condensation level 1026 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Nashville Metro, TN at 00:00Z on 2004-06-13The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity -10 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 30 knots.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
398 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-133 J/kg
Surface CAPE
539 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1026 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
30 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
12 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
-10 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
-17 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
-0.0
Supercell composite
-0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
4.9 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
16:55 UTCTORNADOHardinsburgBreckinridge, KYUPDATE TO TORNADO DAMAGE...STRUCTURAL DAMAGE TO 7 OR 8 BUILDINGS. ONE TRAILER OVERTURNED. TREES AND POWER LINES DOWN. A FEW MINOR INJURIES. NO FATALITIES. REPORTED FROM EMERGENCY MANAGER.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2004 tornado in KentuckyEvery tornado in Kentucky since 1950Warnings in force in Kentucky nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of June 12, 2004

16 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
June 128:45 AM CDTF0Saint Francois, MO1.550
June 1212:28 PM CDTF0Saunders, NE0.5100
June 124:40 PM CDTF0Cherokee, KS0.125
June 124:50 PM CDTF0Jasper, MO0.125
June 124:55 PM CDTF0Pecos, TX1.3150
June 127:10 PM CDTF0Sumner, KS1.575
June 127:25 PM CDTF3Sumner, KS4.0752$500,000
June 129:00 PM EDTF1Allendale, SC3.0150
June 128:25 PM CDTF0Cowley, KS3.0100
June 128:45 PM CDTF1Lincoln, MN1.6100$100,000
June 128:55 PM CDTF0Cowley, KS0.550
June 128:56 PM CDTF0Jones, TX0.120
June 129:15 PM CDTF0Lyon, MN0.150
June 129:15 PM CDTF0Cowley, KS1.050
June 129:58 PM CDTF0Elk, KS1.050
June 1210:41 PM CDTF0Elk, KS1.075

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.