EF0 tornado, Melrose, Iowa, July 19, 2016

1. EF065 to 85 mphthis tornado

   Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

2. EF186 to 110 mph

   Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

3. EF2111 to 135 mph

   Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

4. EF3136 to 165 mph

   Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

5. EF4166 to 200 mph

   Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

6. EF5over 200 mph

   Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

7. Unrated

   The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

Rating

EF0

Date

July 19, 2016

Touchdown

2:34 PM CDT (19:34 UTC)

Lifted

2:38 PM CDT (19:38 UTC)

On the ground

4 minutes

Path length

2.3 miles (3.8 km)

Path width

50 yards (46 m)

Deaths

0

Injuries

0

Property damage

$4,000

Crop damage

$1,000

County

Monroe County

Touchdown point

40.981, -93.053

Lift-off point

41.009, -93.029

Record number

1607191334-01

A complex of storms worked their way across Nebraska overnight on the 18th into the 19th, eventually making their way into Iowa. As those elevated storms approached the central third of Iowa, the linear storms began to backbuild and with increasing convection behind them in association with ongoing warm air advection. Through the morning hours ample lightning was associated with the storms along with heavy rainfall around 3 inches in the Fort Dodge area and 4 to 6 inches in the Des Moines area. A number of flash flooding events were reported as a result of the heavy rainfall. During the afternoon, the storms resumed their forward propagation and increased in strength, especially across southern and southeast Iowa. Damaging winds and a couple of tornado reports were recorded across south central Iowa along with rainfall in the 1 to 3 inch range.

This short-lived tornado was spotted from NE of Melrose before it became rain-wrapped. Narrow damage path reported on the north side of town by law enforcement. Spotter reported tree damage along the path after the event.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

26 minutes of warning. NWS DMX issued a tornado warning for this county at 19:08 UTC, 26 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 20:00 UTC.

The county was under a severe thunderstorm watch, issued at 19:20 UTC and running to 21:13 UTC.

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Slight Risk, with a 0.02 chance of a tornado within 25 miles. The outlook in force was issued at 16:25 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

The Des Moines radar (KDMX), 100 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 19:33 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

The live radar over the trackEvery 2016 tornado in IowaEvery tornado in Iowa since 1950Warnings in force in Iowa nowThe forecast where you are

5 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.