Tornadoes · United States · Indiana · 1968

F2 tornado, Hendricks and Morgan counties, Indiana, May 15, 1968

This F2 tornado ran 8.8 miles across Hendricks and Morgan counties on May 15, 1968, touching down at 4:45 PM GMT-5 and reaching 10 yards wide. It killed nobody and injured 5, and did $50,000 to $500,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. F040 to 72 mph

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. F173 to 112 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. F2113 to 157 mphthis tornado

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. F3158 to 206 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. F4207 to 260 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. F5261 to 318 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
F2
Date
May 15, 1968
Touchdown
4:45 PM GMT-5 (21:45 UTC)
Path length
8.8 miles (14.2 km)
Path width
10 yards (9 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
5
Property damage
$50,000 to $500,000
Counties
Hendricks and Morgan counties
Touchdown point
39.620, -86.530
Lift-off point
39.620, -86.370
Record number
202

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Dayton/James M C, OH (KDAY), 12:00Z

9.8 hours before the tornado, 195 km from the path. May 15, 1968.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Dayton/James M C, OH at 12:00Z on 1968-05-15Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 410 joules per kilogram, CIN -102, lifted condensation level 1136 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Dayton/James M C, OH at 12:00Z on 1968-05-15The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 91 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 27 knots.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
410 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-102 J/kg
Surface CAPE
984 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1136 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
27 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
23 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
91 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
68 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.9
0-3 km lapse rate
5.6 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Dayton/James M C, OH (KDAY), 00:00Z

2.2 hours after it, 195 km from the path. May 16, 1968.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Dayton/James M C, OH at 00:00Z on 1968-05-16Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 38 joules per kilogram, CIN -229, lifted condensation level 1900 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Dayton/James M C, OH at 00:00Z on 1968-05-16The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 183 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 25 knots.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
38 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-229 J/kg
Surface CAPE
92 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1900 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
25 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
17 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
183 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
299 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
5.9 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The surface observations

Indianapolis (IND), 16 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

Time (UTC)Temp (°F)Dew point (°F)WindGust (kt)Pressure (mb)Weather
20:00 UTC766990° 8 ktHZ TS
21:00 UTC7065130° 5 kt
22:00 UTC6965360° 7 ktTS FZFG SHRA
23:00 UTC6460140° 10 kt1008.8FZFG SHRA SH

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 1968 tornado in IndianaEvery tornado in Indiana since 1950Warnings in force in Indiana nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of May 15, 1968

32 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
May 153:28 PM GMT-5F2Rice, MN15.43333$50,000 to $500,000
May 153:30 PM GMT-5F3Mason, IL12.660025$500,000 to $5 million
May 153:45 PM GMT-5F3Miami, KS to MO2.750$5,000 to $50,000
May 154:10 PM GMT-5F5Franklin, IA62.160013462$5 million to $50 million
May 154:30 PM GMT-5F2Johnson, MO5.22002$50,000 to $500,000
May 154:45 PM GMT-5F1Ray, MO3.650$5,000 to $50,000
May 154:57 PM GMT-5F5Fayette, IA13.15005156$5 million to $50 million
May 154:58 PM GMT-5F1Fayette, IA0.3300$500 to $5,000
May 155:00 PM GMT-5F1DeWitt, IL25.41,000450$500,000 to $5 million
May 155:00 PM GMT-5F0Freeborn, MN0.110
May 155:00 PM GMT-5F2Johnson, MO12.350$5,000 to $50,000
May 155:00 PM GMT-5F1Lafayette, MO4.950$5,000 to $50,000
May 155:07 PM GMT-5F1Dodge, MN7.820$50,000 to $500,000
May 155:40 PM GMT-5F1Steele, MN16.627$5,000 to $50,000
May 155:45 PM GMT-5F1Audubon, IA2.02501$5,000 to $50,000
May 156:00 PM GMT-5F1Jasper, MO2.5503$5,000 to $50,000
May 157:15 PM GMT-4F1Wayne, OH1.0367$5,000 to $50,000
May 156:15 PM GMT-5F2Howard, IA4.7250$5,000 to $50,000
May 156:45 PM GMT-5F1Fillmore, MN8.477$5,000 to $50,000
May 156:50 PM GMT-5F3Iroquois, IL7.1400$500,000 to $5 million
May 158:00 PM GMT-4F2Wayne, OH1.0440$5,000 to $50,000
May 157:30 PM GMT-5F3Baxter, AR7.3200325$5,000 to $50,000
May 158:15 PM GMT-5F1Fulton, AR0.110$500 to $5,000
May 158:40 PM GMT-5F1Jefferson, MO5.9100$5,000 to $50,000
May 159:36 PM GMT-5F4Independence, AR0.3300724$500,000 to $5 million
May 159:45 PM GMT-5F3Saint Clair, IL2.0200460$50,000 to $500,000
May 159:45 PM GMT-5F4Jackson, AR20.925035364$5,000 to $50,000
May 159:50 PM GMT-5F2Butler, MO0.2201$5,000 to $50,000
May 1510:20 PM GMT-5F1Dunklin, MO1.517$50 to $500
May 1510:51 PM GMT-5F2Tippecanoe, IN0.110$500 to $5,000
May 1511:30 PM GMT-5F2Clinton, IN0.110$5,000 to $50,000
May 1512:20 AM GMT-5F1Shelby, TN0.110

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.