Tornadoes · United States · Illinois · 2002

F0 tornado, Zion, Illinois, April 18, 2002

This F0 tornado ran 0.1 miles across Lake County on April 18, 2002, touching down at 7:43 PM CDT and reaching 20 yards wide. It killed nobody.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. F040 to 72 mphthis tornado

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. F173 to 112 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. F2113 to 157 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. F3158 to 206 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. F4207 to 260 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. F5261 to 318 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
F0
Date
April 18, 2002
Touchdown
7:43 PM CDT (00:43 UTC)
Path length
0.1 miles (0.2 km)
Path width
20 yards (18 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
County
Lake County
Touchdown point
42.450, -87.800
Lift-off point
42.450, -87.800
Record number
28

What the Weather Service recorded

Severe Thunderstorms moved across far northern Illinois during the evening of Thursday April 18th. Hail 2 and 1/2 inches in diameter fell in Forreston in Ogle county causing minor damage to parked cars. Several three foot diameter trees were broken off 10 feet above the ground in a cemetary west of Rockford in Winnebago county. Winds were measured at 66 mph in Lake Villa at 715 pm CDT. The most significant damage was in a retirement community northeast of the intersection of highway 60 and Peterson road near Round Lake Park. The winds damaged roofs, porches and windows on 15 to 20 homes. The damage was confined to a narrow path about a block wide and half a mile long. Further east in Lake county, an F0 tornado briefly touched down on the beach east of Zion before moving offshore as a waterspout.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

No tornado warning for this county appears in the archive as in force at the moment the tornado touched down.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
00:23 UTC02:00 UTCMarine WarningLOT
04:12 UTC06:15 UTCMarine WarningLOT

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in no categorical risk area, with a 0.05 chance of a tornado within 25 miles. The outlook in force was issued at 20:17 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Green Bay/Straub, WI (KGRB), 00:00Z

0.7 hours before the tornado, 227 km from the path. April 19, 2002.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Green Bay/Straub, WI at 00:00Z on 2002-04-19Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 188 joules per kilogram, CIN -106, lifted condensation level 2321 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Green Bay/Straub, WI at 00:00Z on 2002-04-19The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 216 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 42 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
188 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-106 J/kg
Surface CAPE
514 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
2321 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
42 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
37 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
216 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
288 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
7.0 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Green Bay/Straub, WI (KGRB), 12:00Z

11.3 hours after it, 227 km from the path. April 19, 2002.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Green Bay/Straub, WI at 12:00Z on 2002-04-19Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 1 joules per kilogram, CIN 0, lifted condensation level 617 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Green Bay/Straub, WI at 12:00Z on 2002-04-19The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity -26 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 56 knots.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
0 J/kg
Surface CAPE
11 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
617 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
56 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
9 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
-26 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
173 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
2.6 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The surface observations

Waukegan (UGN), 6 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

Time (UTC)Temp (°F)Dew point (°F)WindGust (kt)Pressure (mb)Weather
22:55 UTC8557200° 11 kt1006.8
23:55 UTC8554200° 14 kt221006.8VCTS
00:42 UTC60.857.2330° 11 kt381008.5+TSRA BR
00:48 UTC62.657.2330° 9 kt261007.5+TSRA BR
00:55 UTC6259310° 6 kt1007.1-TSRA BR
01:06 UTC64.457.2340° 10 kt1007.5VCTS -RA
01:13 UTC62.657.2330° 8 kt1007.8-TSRA
01:55 UTC64610° 0 kt1007.1

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2002 tornado in IllinoisEvery tornado in Illinois since 1950Warnings in force in Illinois nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of April 18, 2002

13 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
April 181:39 AM CDTF0Alfalfa, OK0.875
April 184:49 PM CDTF0Lincoln, WI0.125
April 184:57 PM CDTF0Oneida, WI0.125
April 185:33 PM CDTF0Oneida, WI0.125
April 186:00 PM CDTF0Hardin, IA0.225$1,000
April 186:29 PM CDTF0Price, WI0.140
April 186:30 PM CDTF0McPherson, KS0.555
April 186:30 PM CDTF0Grundy, IA0.230$1,000
April 186:49 PM CDTF0Polk, IA0.330$1,000
April 186:50 PM CDTF1Polk, IA8.560$10,000
April 187:08 PM CDTF0Black Hawk, IA0.330$1,000
April 187:13 PM CDTF1Marathon, WI14.0100$1.4 million
April 187:32 PM CDTF0Marathon, WI0.125

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.