Tornadoes · United States · Georgia · 2021

EF0 tornado, Bainbridge to West Bainbridge, Georgia, December 29, 2021

From Bainbridge to West Bainbridge, this EF0 tornado ran 0.9 miles across Decatur County on December 29, 2021, touching down at 3:07 PM EST and reaching 50 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $15,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mphthis tornado

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF0
Date
December 29, 2021
Touchdown
3:07 PM EST (20:07 UTC)
Lifted
3:08 PM EST (20:08 UTC)
On the ground
1 minutes
Path length
0.9 miles (1.5 km)
Path width
50 yards (46 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$15,000
County
Decatur County
Touchdown point
30.902, -84.576
Lift-off point
30.913, -84.567
Record number
2112291407-01

The damage survey

8 damage points were recorded along this path by NWS TAE, in the Damage Assessment Toolkit the survey teams carry. The strongest indicator was rated EF0. The highest wind the damage implies is 80 mph.

  • Metal street signs blown over

Survey points are preliminary and are the raw material the published rating was built from. Source: NWS Damage Assessment Toolkit.

What the Weather Service recorded

A very brief tornado touched down from a shower passing through Bainbridge. The tornado was recorded on video and resulted in roof damage to the Bearcat Express Convenience Store.

An EF-0 tornado tracked through Bainbridge, GA on Wednesday afternoon, Dec 29th. The tornado first touched down just southwest of Evans St between S West St and Academy Street before uprooting a tree on Evans St. It then moved northeastward, with minor damage noted to a small apartment building on Potter St and a highway road sign knocked over on E Shotwell St. Minor tree damage and fallen branches were observed across E Broughton St, E Water St, and Planter St. The tornado then peeled back some of the metal roofing of a convenience store on the corner of E Calhoun St and Albany Rd and damaged a metal carport nearby. The tornado continued northeastward along Albany Rd, inflicting minor roof damage to a home and snapping a few tree branches before lifting just north of E Carter St. The total track of the tornado is estimated to be just under a mile with a maximum path width of 50 yards, which occurred near the start of the tornado.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

No tornado warning for this county appears in the archive as in force at the moment the tornado touched down.

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a General Thunderstorms Risk. The outlook in force was issued at 19:43 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Tallahassee Rgnl, FL (KTLH), 12:00Z

8.1 hours before the tornado, 62 km from the path. December 29, 2021.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Tallahassee Rgnl, FL at 12:00Z on 2021-12-29Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 34 joules per kilogram, CIN -199, lifted condensation level 556 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Tallahassee Rgnl, FL at 12:00Z on 2021-12-29The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 83 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 25 knots.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
34 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-199 J/kg
Surface CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
556 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
25 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
18 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
83 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
69 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
4.0 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Tallahassee Rgnl, FL (KTLH), 00:00Z

3.9 hours after it, 62 km from the path. December 30, 2021.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Tallahassee Rgnl, FL at 00:00Z on 2021-12-30Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 370 joules per kilogram, CIN -7, lifted condensation level 554 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Tallahassee Rgnl, FL at 00:00Z on 2021-12-30The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 155 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 34 knots.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
370 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-7 J/kg
Surface CAPE
463 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
554 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
34 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
27 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
155 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
146 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.2
Supercell composite
1.4
0-3 km lapse rate
4.5 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The surface observations

Bainbridge/Decatur County Indus (BGE), 9 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

Time (UTC)Temp (°F)Dew point (°F)WindGust (kt)Pressure (mb)Weather
18:15 UTC80.269.8210° 11 kt201014.6
18:35 UTC7969.6200° 13 kt191014.2
18:55 UTC7870.3180° 12 kt151013.9
19:15 UTC7870.5180° 11 kt1013.9
19:35 UTC77.471200° 8 kt1013.9
19:55 UTC74.372.7190° 10 kt1013.9-RA BR
20:15 UTC73.473.2180° 6 kt1013.9
20:35 UTC73.473.4190° 4 kt1013.9
20:55 UTC71.6210° 5 kt1014.2RA BR
21:15 UTC71.6200° 10 kt161013.9-RA
21:35 UTC71.671.6190° 7 kt1014.2RA BR
21:55 UTC71.6180° 7 kt1013.5-RA

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

The radar

The Tallahassee radar (KTLH), 61 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 20:07 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
20:10 UTCTORNADOBainbridgeDecatur, GAPOSSIBLE BRIEF TORNADO IN BAINBRIDGE. ROOF DAMAGE TO THE BEARCAT EXPRESS CONVENIENCE STORE.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2021 tornado in GeorgiaEvery tornado in Georgia since 1950Warnings in force in Georgia nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of December 29, 2021

7 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
December 296:27 PM CSTEF1Lamar, AL17.5300
December 298:21 PM CSTEF1DeKalb, AL6.0285
December 299:02 PM CSTEF0Etowah, AL1.2100
December 2910:52 PM ESTEF0Bartow, GA1.9100
December 2910:01 PM CSTEF1Chilton, AL10.9400
December 2912:03 AM ESTEF0Hall, GA2.075
December 2912:19 AM ESTEF1Cherokee, GA0.5100

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.