Tornadoes · United States · Georgia · 1985

F1 tornado, Oconee County, Georgia, August 17, 1985

This F1 tornado ran 6.0 miles across Oconee County on August 17, 1985, touching down at 8:40 AM EDT and reaching 30 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $50,000 to $500,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. F040 to 72 mph

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. F173 to 112 mphthis tornado

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. F2113 to 157 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. F3158 to 206 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. F4207 to 260 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. F5261 to 318 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
F1
Date
August 17, 1985
Touchdown
8:40 AM EDT (12:40 UTC)
Path length
6.0 miles (9.7 km)
Path width
30 yards (27 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$50,000 to $500,000
County
Oconee County
Touchdown point
33.900, -83.600
Lift-off point
33.970, -83.530
Record number
570

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Athens Municipal, GA (KAHN), 12:00Z

0.7 hours before the tornado, 25 km from the path. August 17, 1985.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Athens Municipal, GA at 12:00Z on 1985-08-17Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 409 joules per kilogram, CIN -1, lifted condensation level 552 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Athens Municipal, GA at 12:00Z on 1985-08-17The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 149 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 50 knots.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
409 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-1 J/kg
Surface CAPE
188 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
552 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
50 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
27 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
149 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
163 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.2
Supercell composite
3.5
0-3 km lapse rate
5.1 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Athens Municipal, GA (KAHN), 00:00Z

11.3 hours after it, 25 km from the path. August 18, 1985.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Athens Municipal, GA at 00:00Z on 1985-08-18Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 255 joules per kilogram, CIN -2, lifted condensation level 729 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Athens Municipal, GA at 00:00Z on 1985-08-18The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 31 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 23 knots.1939Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
255 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-2 J/kg
Surface CAPE
392 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
729 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
23 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
11 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
31 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
40 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.1
0-3 km lapse rate
5.4 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 1985 tornado in GeorgiaEvery tornado in Georgia since 1950Warnings in force in Georgia nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of August 17, 1985

10 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
August 177:50 AM EDTF1Jackson, GA10.070$500,000 to $5 million
August 1712:50 PM EDTF2Spartanburg, SC9.010039$500,000 to $5 million
August 172:55 PM EDTF1York, SC3.030$50,000 to $500,000
August 173:00 PM EDTF0York, SC1.030$50,000 to $500,000
August 173:15 PM EDTF0Union, SC3.030$5,000 to $50,000
August 176:18 PM CDTF3Wabaunsee, KS2.050$50,000 to $500,000
August 176:23 PM CDTF0Lyon, KS0.110
August 177:26 PM CDTF1Waukesha, WI15.050$50,000 to $500,000
August 177:28 PM CDTF0Lyon, KS0.210
August 1712:45 AM EDTF0Chatham, NC4.0100$5,000 to $50,000

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.