Tornadoes · United States · Florida · 2022

EF2 tornado, Magnolia Beach to (Pfn)Panama City Arpt, Florida, March 18, 2022

From Magnolia Beach to (Pfn)Panama City Arpt, this EF2 tornado ran 1.6 miles across Bay County on March 18, 2022, touching down at 6:16 PM CDT and reaching 75 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $500,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mph

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mphthis tornado

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF2
Date
March 18, 2022
Touchdown
6:16 PM CDT (23:16 UTC)
Lifted
6:20 PM CDT (23:20 UTC)
On the ground
4 minutes
Path length
1.6 miles (2.6 km)
Path width
75 yards (69 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$500,000
County
Bay County
Touchdown point
30.171, -85.713
Lift-off point
30.185, -85.691
Record number
2203181716-01

The damage survey

53 damage points were recorded along this path by NWS TAE, in the Damage Assessment Toolkit the survey teams carry. The strongest indicator was rated EF2. The highest wind the damage implies is 122 mph.

  • Float was found in the middle of the street.
  • Front porch lofted into the backyard
  • All boarded up windows were broken. Front porch was also removed.
  • House shifted about 4 ft off its foundation.

Survey points are preliminary and are the raw material the published rating was built from. Source: NWS Damage Assessment Toolkit.

What the Weather Service recorded

A strong cold front moved through the tri-state region with several reports of wind damage. In addition, a couple of tornadoes occurred in the Florida panhandle, including an EF2 in Panama City. Training convection also produced flash flooding across portions of the Florida panhandle.

A tornado was captured on video moving onshore in the St Andrew's area across W 15th Street. The tornado moved northeastward through numerous residential streets before lifting near Frankford Ave. Numerous structures were damaged along with trees and power lines. The most significant damage occurred from near W 18th Street northeastward to Clay Ave. Some residences had large sections of their roofs removed with most walls remaining standing. In addition, a house on Arthur Ave was moved four feet off its foundation. As a result, this tornado was rated EF2 with maximum estimated winds around 120 mph. A dual-pol tornadic debris signature (TDS) was evident on KEVX radar.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

No tornado warning for this county appears in the archive as in force at the moment the tornado touched down.

The county was under a tornado watch, issued at 15:53 UTC and running to 00:00 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
12:00 UTC02:24 UTCSmall Craft AdvisoryTAE
15:53 UTC00:00 UTCTornado WatchTAE
20:12 UTC23:15 UTCMarine WarningTAE
23:08 UTC00:45 UTCMarine WarningTAE

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Slight Risk, with a 0.05 chance of a tornado within 25 miles. The outlook in force was issued at 19:27 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The radar

The Eglin Afb radar (KEVX), 48 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 23:18 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
20:54 UTCTSTM WND DMGHinsons CrossroadsWashington, FLTREES DOWN AT HINSONS CROSSROADS.
21:11 UTCTSTM WND DMG1 Se SylvaniaWashington, FLTREES DOWN ALONG WHITEHEAD CROSSING ROAD.
21:11 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 S Whitehead CrossroadWashington, FLTREES DOWN ALONG BRYANT BAY ROAD.
22:21 UTCHAIL 13 Sse Red HeadWashington, FLQUARTER HAIL ON HIGHWAY 20 BETWEEN HIGHWAY 77 AND 79.
22:59 UTCTSTM WND GST 642 S VicksburgBay, FLWEATHERSTEM SENSOR AT GULF COAST STATE COLLEGE MEASURED THIS GUST.
23:18 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 W Panama CityBay, FLROOFS OF TWO HOMES DAMAGED AT 1812 AND 1815 FOSTER AVENUE.
23:20 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 Wnw Panama CityBay, FLONE HOME HAD A COLLAPSED ROOF AT 1912 CLAY AVENUE. THERE WERE ALSO POWER LINES DOWN IN THE AREA. POSSIBLE TORNADO.
23:20 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 Wnw Panama CityBay, FLFD TWEETED DAMAGE REPORT ON FRANKFURT AVENUE BETWEEN 17TH AND 23RD STREET. POSSIBLE TORNADO.
23:20 UTCTORNADO1 Sse Panama CityBay, FLMULTIPLE REPORTS OF STRUCTURAL DAMAGE AND TREES AND POWER LINES DOWN ACROSS THE CITY. SEVERAL VIDEOS OF A TORNADO POSTED TO TWITTER.
23:20 UTCTORNADO2 Wnw Panama CityBay, FLEXTENSIVE DAMAGE TO ROOFS AND RESIDENCES WERE REPORTED IN THE AREA OF WEST 19TH ST BETWEEN HICKORY AVE AND ARTHUR AVE. NUMEROUS POWERLINES ARE DOWN ALONG CALHOUN AVE, WEST 19TH ST, CLAY AVE AND THE AREA OF BECK AVE AND U
23:24 UTCTSTM WND DMG1 Ese Pfn-Bay County AiBay, FLA 24-FT FIBERGLASS BOAT (SKIFF) WITH ENGINE WAS BLOWN OFF ITS TRAILER AND TURNED 90° TO THE TRAILER. NUMEROUS TRASH CANS IN THE AREA WERE SCATTERED. SOME SMALL BRANCHES DOWN. POSSIBLE TORNADO.
23:24 UTCTSTM WND DMG1 Ese Pfn-Bay County AiBay, FLA 24-FT FIBERGLASS BOAT (SKIFF) WITH ENGINE WAS BLOWN OFF ITS TRAILER AND TURNED 90° TO THE TRAILER. NUMEROUS TRASH CANS IN THE AREA WERE SCATTERED. SOME SMALL BRANCHES DOWN. POSSIBLE TORNADO.
01:15 UTCFLASH FLOOD1 E Camp FlowersBay, FLCREEKBANK DRIVE NEAR CAMP FLOWERS ROAD FLOODED.
01:15 UTCFLASH FLOOD1 Ese Gulf Lagoon BeachBay, FLNORTH LAGOON DRIVE FLOODED.
01:15 UTCFLASH FLOOD1 Nne Gulf Lagoon BeachBay, FLLAURIE DRIVE FLOODED.
01:15 UTCFLASH FLOODBrannonvilleBay, FLFLOODING WAS REPORTED IN HOMES NEAR THE AREA OF 3900 SILVER SPUR RD.
02:14 UTCFLASH FLOODClarksvilleCalhoun, FLNUMEROUS ROADWAYS FLOODED THROUGHOUT THE COUNTY.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2022 tornado in FloridaEvery tornado in Florida since 1950Warnings in force in Florida nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of March 18, 2022

8 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
March 1812:28 PM CDTEF1Okaloosa, FL1.550$361,000
March 183:38 PM CDTEF1Walton, FL0.825
March 183:39 PM CDTEF0New Madrid, MO0.750
March 188:06 PM EDTEF1Washington, IN5.5200
March 189:20 PM CDTEF0Breckinridge, KY2.680
March 1810:38 PM EDTEF1Hardin, KY4.1100
March 1810:52 PM EDTEF0Hardin, KY1.880
March 1811:09 PM EDTEF1Bullitt, KY0.3100

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.