Tornadoes · United States · Florida · 2007

EF1 tornado, Land O Lakes, Florida, December 16, 2007

This EF1 tornado ran 3.2 miles across Pasco County on December 16, 2007, touching down at 5:20 AM EST and reaching 100 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $1.0 million of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mph

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mphthis tornado

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF1
Date
December 16, 2007
Touchdown
5:20 AM EST (10:20 UTC)
Lifted
5:27 AM EST (10:27 UTC)
On the ground
7 minutes
Path length
3.2 miles (5.1 km)
Path width
100 yards (91 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$1.0 million
County
Pasco County
Touchdown point
28.313, -82.509
Lift-off point
28.333, -82.470
Record number
0712160420-01

What the Weather Service recorded

A strong cold front combined with the remnants of Tropical Depression Olga to produce hazardous weather in west central Florida. The tornado formed from a long-lived supercell thunderstorm that moved onshore from the Gulf of Mexico.

A housing annex worth $750,000 at the county jail was destroyed. The 125 female inmates living in the annex were evacuated before it was destroyed, resulting in zero injuries. There was also roof damage to a fire station, four vehicles were flipped and there were numerous trees and power poles downed.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

12 minutes of warning. NWS TBW issued a tornado warning for this county at 10:08 UTC, 12 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 11:00 UTC.

The county was under a tornado watch, issued at 02:46 UTC and running to 11:00 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
02:46 UTC11:00 UTCTornado WatchTBW
03:55 UTC14:00 UTCCoastal Flood StatementTBW
08:25 UTC09:30 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningTBW
09:10 UTC09:30 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningTBW
09:32 UTC10:30 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningTBW
09:46 UTC10:15 UTCTornado WarningTBW
10:08 UTC11:00 UTCTornado WarningTBW
10:45 UTC11:00 UTCTornado WarningTBW
13:00 UTC23:00 UTCLake Wind AdvisoryTBW
15:00 UTC18:00 UTCHigh Surf AdvisoryTBW

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a General Thunderstorms Risk. The outlook in force was issued at 05:55 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Tampa Bay, FL (KTBW), 00:00Z

10.3 hours before the tornado, 69 km from the path. December 16, 2007.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Tampa Bay, FL at 00:00Z on 2007-12-16Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 660 joules per kilogram, CIN -33, lifted condensation level 839 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Tampa Bay, FL at 00:00Z on 2007-12-16The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 129 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 27 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
660 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-33 J/kg
Surface CAPE
845 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
839 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
27 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
26 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
129 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
143 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.3
Supercell composite
2.3
0-3 km lapse rate
5.3 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Tampa Bay, FL (KTBW), 12:00Z

1.7 hours after it, 69 km from the path. December 16, 2007.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Tampa Bay, FL at 12:00Z on 2007-12-16Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 314 joules per kilogram, CIN -72, lifted condensation level 590 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Tampa Bay, FL at 12:00Z on 2007-12-16The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 19 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 43 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
314 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-72 J/kg
Surface CAPE
321 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
590 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
43 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
19 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
19 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
59 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
4.4 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The radar

The Tampa radar (KTBW), 69 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 10:22 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
09:24 UTCMARINE HAIL 404 Se TampaGmz830, FL35 KNOT WIND GUST AT TAMPA CRUISE TERMINAL 2.
09:24 UTCMARINE TSTM WIND 394 Se TampaGmz830, FL34 KNOT WIND GUST AT BERTH 223.
09:30 UTCMARINE TSTM WIND 394 Se TampaGmz830, FL34 KNOT WIND GUST AT SEABULK.
09:36 UTCMARINE TSTM WIND 464 Se TampaGmz830, FL40 KNOT WIND GUST AT BERTH 223
09:48 UTCMARINE TSTM WIND 513 W Macdill Air Force BGmz830, FL44 KNOT WIND GUST AT OLD PORT TAMPA.
09:54 UTCMARINE TSTM WIND 413 Se TampaGmz830, FL36 KNOT WIND GUST AT PORT OF TAMPA.
10:00 UTCMARINE TSTM WIND 463 Se TampaGmz830, FL40 KNOT WIND GUST AT TAMPA CRUISE TERMINAL 2.
10:15 UTCTORNADO11 Sse Spring HillPasco, FLSEVERAL CARS OVERTURNED AND PARTS OF A ROOF TORN OFF AT THE LAND O LAKES JAIL ON CENTRAL BLVD IN LAND O LAKES.
10:18 UTCMARINE TSTM WIND 443 Se TampaGmz830, FL38 KNOT WIND GUST AT PORT OF TAMPA.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2007 tornado in FloridaEvery tornado in Florida since 1950Warnings in force in Florida nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of December 16, 2007

1 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
December 162:45 AM ESTEF1Alachua, FL0.8200

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.