Tornadoes · United States · Florida · 1997

F0 tornado, Pelican Marsh to Corkscrew Swamp, Florida, April 14, 1997

From Pelican Marsh to Corkscrew Swamp, this F0 tornado ran 4.0 miles across Collier County on April 14, 1997, touching down at 3:05 PM EDT and reaching 100 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $200,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. F040 to 72 mphthis tornado

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. F173 to 112 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. F2113 to 157 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. F3158 to 206 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. F4207 to 260 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. F5261 to 318 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
F0
Date
April 14, 1997
Touchdown
3:05 PM EDT (19:05 UTC)
Path length
4.0 miles (6.4 km)
Path width
100 yards (91 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$200,000
County
Collier County
Touchdown point
26.250, -81.770
Lift-off point
26.320, -81.570
Record number
126

What the Weather Service recorded

TORNADO MAY HAVE BEEN A WATERSPOUT THAT MOVED ONSHORE. AT 1405 PM COLLIER COUNTY SHERIFFS OFFICE REPORTED A TORNADO ON THE GROUND.INITIAL TOUCHDOWN 26.15.29 NORTH AND 81.46.11 WEST. THREE EYEWITNESSES REPORTED SEEING A ROTATING FUNNEL WHILE OTHERS, SOME WITHIN A COUPLE HUNDRED FEET, REPORTED NO FUNNEL BUT A WALL OF WIND STRIKING THEIR HOMES. TORNADO AND WIND DAMAGE FROM VICTORIA PARK TO PELICAN STRAND IN NORTH NAPLES. AT VICTORIA PARK DAMAGE WAS 100YARDS WIDE IN A TWISTED DAMAGE PATTERN. AT FOUR SEASONS DAMAGE PATTERN WAS 300 YARDS WIDE MOSTLY IN A NORTHEAST DIRECTION.COLLIER COUNTY EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT OFFICIALS SAID 22 STRUCTURESRECIEVED MINOR DAMAGE. REGENT PARK...7 STRUCTURES...ROOF SHINGLESMISSING, TREES DOWN. BOCA PALMS...3 STRUCTURES...SCREEN DAMAGE.VICTORIA PARK...1 STRUCTURE...MINOR ROOF DAMAGE. FOUR SEASONS...4 SCREENED LANAIS...1 STORAGE SHED. PELICAN MARSH...LANDSCAPE DAMAGE. CRESCENT LAKES...2 MINOR ROOF DAMAGE...4 COLLAPSED SCREENENCLOSURES. AT 1414 PM SHERIFFS AGAIN REPORTED THE TORNADO ON THE GROUND NEAR IMMOKALEE ROAD AND I75. TORNADO LAST SEEN AT 1435 PMOVER CORKSCREW SWAMP.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

No tornado warning for this county appears in the archive as in force at the moment the tornado touched down. One was issued for the county at another hour that day.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
19:10 UTC20:15 UTCTornado WarningMFL
20:14 UTC21:15 UTCTornado WarningMFL

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a General Thunderstorms Risk. The outlook in force was issued at 05:33 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Miami, FL (KMFL), 12:00Z

7.1 hours before the tornado, 147 km from the path. April 14, 1997.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Miami, FL at 12:00Z on 1997-04-14Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 893 joules per kilogram, CIN -9, lifted condensation level 665 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Miami, FL at 12:00Z on 1997-04-14The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity -3 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 33 knots.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
893 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-9 J/kg
Surface CAPE
722 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
665 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
33 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
4 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
-3 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
56 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.1
0-3 km lapse rate
5.1 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Miami, FL (KMFL), 00:00Z

4.9 hours after it, 147 km from the path. April 15, 1997.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Miami, FL at 00:00Z on 1997-04-15Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 1074 joules per kilogram, CIN -14, lifted condensation level 671 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Miami, FL at 00:00Z on 1997-04-15The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 16 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 41 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1074 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-14 J/kg
Surface CAPE
399 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
671 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
41 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
2 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
16 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
105 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.1
Supercell composite
0.9
0-3 km lapse rate
4.5 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The radar

The Miami radar (KAMX), 146 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 19:02 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 1997 tornado in FloridaEvery tornado in Florida since 1950Warnings in force in Florida nowThe forecast where you are

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.