EF1 tornado, Garfield, Arkansas, April 1, 2024

1. EF065 to 85 mph

   Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

2. EF186 to 110 mphthis tornado

   Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

3. EF2111 to 135 mph

   Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

4. EF3136 to 165 mph

   Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

5. EF4166 to 200 mph

   Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

6. EF5over 200 mph

   Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

7. Unrated

   The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

Rating

EF1

Date

April 1, 2024

Touchdown

12:33 AM CDT (05:33 UTC)

Lifted

12:37 AM CDT (05:37 UTC)

On the ground

4 minutes

Path length

2.8 miles (4.5 km)

Path width

550 yards (503 m)

Deaths

0

Injuries

0

County

Benton County

Touchdown point

36.456, -94.026

Lift-off point

36.474, -93.982

Record number

2404012333-01

27 damage points were recorded along this path by NWS TSA, in the Damage Assessment Toolkit the survey teams carry. The strongest indicator was rated EF1. The highest wind the damage implies is 96 mph.

• Strong convergence noted in uprooted tree fall pattern

Survey points are preliminary and are the raw material the published rating was built from. Source: NWS Damage Assessment Toolkit.

Severe thunderstorms developed along a dry line over central and western Oklahoma during the afternoon of the 1st, as a strong upper level disturbance translated into the Southern Plains. The storms evolved into a squall line and moved through northwestern Arkansas during the late evening and early morning hours of the 2nd, producing two tornadoes and damaging wind gusts.

This tornado developed over the northeastern side of Pea Ridge National Military Park, northwest of Elkhorn Tavern. It moved east-northeast uprooting numerous trees on N Old Wire Road, and Limekiln Road. The tornado dissipated east of Limekiln Road. Based on this damage, maximum estimated wind in the tornado was 90 to 100 mph.

This tornado developed north of Highway 62, over the far southeastern portion of Pea Ridge National Military Park. It moved east, damaging the roof of two homes, destroying an outbuilding, and uprooting trees on Alvin Seamster Road. Tree damage was noted as far east as Pinebrooke Road, and the tornado dissipated before reaching Highway 62. Based on this damage, maximum estimated wind in this tornado was 90 to 100 mph.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

No tornado warning for this county appears in the archive as in force at the moment the tornado touched down.

The county was under a severe thunderstorm watch, issued at 04:35 UTC and running to 08:00 UTC.

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Enhanced Risk, with a 0.10 chance of a tornado within 25 miles, in the hatched area where significant tornadoes were expected. The outlook in force was issued at 00:44 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

The Springfield radar (KSGF), 101 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 05:31 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

The live radar over the trackEvery 2024 tornado in ArkansasEvery tornado in Arkansas since 1950Warnings in force in Arkansas nowThe forecast where you are

12 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.