EF1 tornado, Allen to Valley Head, Alabama, March 28, 2009

1. EF065 to 85 mph

   Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

2. EF186 to 110 mphthis tornado

   Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

3. EF2111 to 135 mph

   Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

4. EF3136 to 165 mph

   Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

5. EF4166 to 200 mph

   Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

6. EF5over 200 mph

   Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

7. Unrated

   The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

Rating

EF1

Date

March 28, 2009

Touchdown

8:16 PM CDT (01:16 UTC)

Lifted

8:22 PM CDT (01:22 UTC)

On the ground

6 minutes

Path length

2.5 miles (4.0 km)

Path width

50 yards (46 m)

Deaths

0

Injuries

0

Property damage

$20,000

County

DeKalb County

Touchdown point

34.542, -85.694

Lift-off point

34.566, -85.661

Record number

0903281916-01

Low-topped supercell thunderstorms developed along a powerful cold front during the late afternoon of the 28th across the eastern half of north Alabama. The storms evolved into a quasi-linear convective system (QLCS) with embedded mesocyclones, one of which became tornadic. There were also a few reports of large hail and damaging winds.

An EF-1 tornado with peak winds of 105 mph tracked 2.5 miles. The tornado snapped numerous large pine trees and uprooting others along County Roads 610 and 885, about 4 miles west of Valley Head. A large tree fell on a house along County Road 885 causing significant roof damage. At a residence along Country Road 121, a small portion of siding was peeled off of a home and a portion of a metal roof of a barn was also torn off. Trees were also uprooted along County Road 608 and additional damage was found near Highway 11 and Bethel Road, just south of Hammondville.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

22 minutes of warning. NWS HUN issued a tornado warning for this county at 00:54 UTC, 22 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 01:30 UTC.

The county was under a tornado watch, issued at 19:23 UTC and running to 01:53 UTC.

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Slight Risk, with a 0.05 chance of a tornado within 25 miles. The outlook in force was issued at 00:59 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

The Northeast Alabama radar (KHTX), 56 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 01:16 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

The live radar over the trackEvery 2009 tornado in AlabamaEvery tornado in Alabama since 1950Warnings in force in Alabama nowThe forecast where you are

13 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.