Tornadoes · United States

Tornadoes of 1949

Grazulis's record has 208 significant tornadoes in the United States in 1949, which killed 217 people and injured 2,052. 19 were rated F4 or above. Before 1950 the record is Thomas P. Grazulis’s list of significant tornadoes: those rated F2 or stronger, and weaker ones that killed somebody.

1948 1950

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. Grazulis rated these tornadoes on the Fujita scale decades after the fact, from written accounts of the damage. The scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. F040 to 72 mph

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. F173 to 112 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. F2113 to 157 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. F3158 to 206 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. F4207 to 260 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. F5261 to 318 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    Grazulis gave no rating: the surviving account records a tornado without enough about the damage to rate it. Almost all of these are before 1880.

The violent tornadoes of 1949

The deadliest of 1949

By state

Filed under the state each path begins in.

Every significant tornado of 1949

Times are local standard time, where the record has one. Blank cells are not recorded.

January 3 12 tornadoes

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
January 32:00 PM CSTF3NE Altoona to SW Petrolia, KS13.41501
January 32:30 PM CSTF3NE Iola to E Bush City, KS24.8100
January 32:45 PM CSTF2Dixie/Sarepta, LA25.510014
January 33:15 PM CSTF3Cotton Valley to Gordon, LA25.330017
January 34:00 PM CSTF3Hopewell to N El Dorado, AR11.6218
January 34:00 PM CSTF2Bunn/Farindale/Grapevine, AR22.515017
January 34:00 PM CSTF2Bismarck/Magnet Cove, AR20.42001
January 34:15 PM CSTF4Warren tornado, AR40.250055435
January 34:20 PM CSTF2Malvern, AR7.1100
January 34:30 PM CSTF2Kentucky/Congo, AR6.71002
January 36:30 PM CSTF3Choudrant to E Farmersville, LA20.2114
January 37:00 PM CSTF2S Gould, AR6.21005

January 18 1 tornado

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
January 184:00 PM CSTF3S Caledonia, MS4.9100317

February 12 1 tornado

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
February 129:30 PM CSTF2Edna, KS11.7200

February 14 1 tornado

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
February 1411:30 PM CSTF2Hough/NE Charleston, MO9.1169

February 15 1 tornado

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
February 1512:10 AM CSTF2ENE Princeton/Oatesville/Glezen, IN14.64002

February 19 1 tornado

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
February 199:00 AM CSTF2SW Red Level, AL0.61005

March 9 2 tornadoes

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
March 910:30 AM CSTF2N Banks/W Warren, AR100
March 911:30 AM CSTF2Deridder, LA7.2501

March 14 1 tornado

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
March 1411:55 PM ESTF2Dade City, FL0.9

March 21 3 tornadoes

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
March 2112:00 PM CSTF2NW Alexandria/Olla, LA39.42011
March 211:00 PM CSTF2Fair Oaks Springs, MS501
March 211:30 PM CSTF2S Yazoo/Tchula, MS31.4100119

March 24 2 tornadoes

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
March 241:50 PM CSTF2NE Vermillion, SD2.1
March 2410:00 PM CSTF3West Carroll Parish, LA to S Indianola, MS55.6100769

March 25 2 tornadoes

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
March 2512:45 PM CSTF4Desdemona, TX11.680018
March 258:00 PM CSTF2Kirkville, MS1.510

March 26 13 tornadoes

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
March 2612:07 AM CSTF2N De Leon, TX17.5
March 261:15 AM CSTF2S Millsap/Springtown, TX23.45008
March 263:45 AM CSTF3Haywood to Crowder, OK35.3800225
March 265:30 AM CSTF2S Christie/Westville, OK/Tontitown/W Springdale, AR26.570
March 262:45 PM CSTF3Whelen Springs, AR24.9200110
March 264:00 PM CSTF4WSW to N England, AR45.550018150
March 264:30 PM CSTF3E Howell to Beedeville, AR30.9100530
March 264:30 PM CSTF2NW Lutesville, MO2
March 265:30 PM CSTF2WSW Caruthersville, MO3.91004
March 266:35 PM CSTF2Troy, TN6.14002
March 267:30 PM CSTF3SW Furrs to New Site, MS40.1200233
March 267:45 PM CSTF2SW Dexter, KY6.52002
March 269:00 PM CSTF2Graham, KY2

March 30 5 tornadoes

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
March 3012:20 AM CSTF4Canton, OK19.6431
March 302:00 AM CSTF3Enid to Blackwell, OK42.47
March 302:15 AM CSTF2S Jefferson/E Medford, OK15.1
March 304:10 AM CSTF3SE Dexter, KS5.22002
March 309:15 PM CSTF2Kemper/W Chesterfield, IL12.5440

March 31 2 tornadoes

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
March 319:30 AM CSTF2Niceville, FL2.3201
March 316:15 PM ESTF2Uniontown/Hopwood, PA9.1653

April 1 1 tornado

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
April 12:30 PM ESTF2Starke, FL1

April 12 6 tornadoes

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
April 1212:00 PM ESTF3Hogansville, GA3
April 126:30 PM ESTF2Pine Mountain/Manchester, GA12.5100120
April 127:10 PM ESTF2Zebulon, GA9.040013
April 127:25 PM ESTF2Griffin, GA1.31005
April 127:45 PM ESTF3E McDonough, GA2.315025
April 129:00 PM ESTF2Covington, GA

April 15 1 tornado

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
April 1511:00 AM ESTF2Schrader Creek/SW Towanda, PA8.72003

April 18 2 tornadoes

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
April 1810:00 AM PSTF2Reno, NV9.770
April 189:30 PM CSTF2SE Shallowater, TX4.3701

April 30 15 tornadoes

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
April 302:45 PM CSTF2S Eldorado, OK8.550
April 302:57 PM CSTF4Norman, OK22.340048
April 303:00 PM CSTF3S Lawton to McClain County, OK34.82004
April 304:00 PM CSTF3Frederick, OK6.2
April 304:00 PM CSTF2Burt/Frederick/Tipton, OK1
April 304:30 PM CSTF3Antioch to NE Wayne, OK17.11501
April 304:45 PM CSTF2Econtuchka, OK6.9200
April 304:50 PM CSTF3Stella to E Meeker, OK23.825038
April 305:20 PM CSTF2E Comanche/E Duncan, OK15.1300
April 305:30 PM CSTF3W Liberty to Bennington, OK35.26007
April 306:00 PM CSTF3S Boswell to W Soper, OK29.640018
April 306:00 PM CSTF3E Davidson, OK
April 306:00 PM CSTF2SW Bonham, TX3.0707
April 307:05 PM CSTF3NE Bonham to NE Telephone, TX10.310032
April 308:00 PM CSTF2NE Schooler Lake/W Sawyer, OK8.61

May 1 3 tornadoes

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
May 18:50 AM CSTF2WNW Houston/Okolona, MS22.95
May 111:55 AM CSTF2W Pulaski, TN50
May 15:00 PM CSTF3S Homer, LA112

May 6 2 tornadoes

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
May 65:15 PM CSTF4Sundown, TX5.120025
May 65:00 PM MSTF3Roosevelt County, NM to Bledsoe, TX5.01,000

May 8 1 tornado

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
May 86:30 PM CSTF2N Henryetta/Schulter, OK7.0100

May 13 3 tornadoes

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
May 134:00 PM CSTF2NW Amarillo, TX
May 134:55 PM CSTF3NE Amarillo, TX6.02001
May 135:15 PM CSTF3W Panhandle, TX10.5200

May 15 5 tornadoes

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
May 15F2Amarillo, TX18.150
May 157:00 PM CSTF2S Gruver, TX
May 157:22 PM CSTF4Amarillo, TX20.6200782
May 159:00 PM CSTF2Pringle, TX19.3600
May 1511:30 PM CSTF4NE Dalhart, TX to Guymon, OK59.940013

May 16 1 tornado

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
May 166:00 PM CSTF2Stuart, IA50

May 17 7 tornadoes

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
May 172:30 PM CSTF2NW Amery/Lake Wapogasset, WI12.8502
May 174:30 PM CSTF3SE Hastings to N Inland, NE8.94005
May 174:30 PM CSTF3S Floydada to Dougherty, TX13.2
May 174:45 PM CSTF4W Spur, TX9.420019
May 175:30 PM CSTF2E Butte, NE6.2170
May 176:20 PM CSTF3E Binger, OK9.0300
May 177:59 PM CSTF2Meeker, OK7.930013

May 18 3 tornadoes

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
May 185:30 PM CSTF2S Kellerville, TX11.4150
May 187:00 PM CSTF2SW Gould, OK5.470
May 187:30 PM CSTF2Victory, OK6.2

May 19 6 tornadoes

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
May 1912:20 AM CSTF2Hollow, OK1.34001
May 191:00 AM CSTF2Broken Arrow, OK100
May 194:00 PM ESTF2SW Fort Recovery, OH3.0200
May 193:45 PM CSTF2SE Fisk/Bernie/Parma/S New Madrid, MO37.2160
May 195:15 PM CSTF2NE Dewey, OK0.6751
May 195:30 PM MSTF2SW Chase County, NE2.3

May 20 29 tornadoes

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
May 201:15 PM MSTF3S Wray, CO to Cheyenne County, KS to Haigler, NE30.24001
May 203:30 PM CSTF3E Bird City, KS2
May 203:30 PM CSTF2N McDonald, KS6.1
May 204:15 PM CSTF3S Scott City to Healy, KS24.8200
May 204:15 PM CSTF2W Oberlin, KS5.850
May 203:30 PM MSTF3S Wray, CO to Cheyenne County, KS to Benkelman, NE39.74001
May 204:54 PM CSTF2Lipscomb, TX3.9100
May 205:00 PM CSTF3S Healy to NW Shields, KS11.1200
May 206:00 PM ESTF2Barron Creek/Goin, TN4.13
May 205:30 PM CSTF2N Copeland/Rozel/NW Dodge City/S Gray, KS72.81004
May 205:30 PM CSTF2Balko/Beaver, OK17.31
May 206:15 PM CSTF2Lipscomb, TX/Gage/Shattuck/Tangier/S Fargo/N Woodward, OK54.31003
May 207:30 PM CSTF3Catesby, OK10011
May 207:30 PM CSTF2SW Coldwater/Wilmore, KS20.7100
May 207:45 PM CSTF2SE Lincoln, KS4.450
May 207:45 PM CSTF2Yewed/Nash, OK25.7400127
May 208:00 PM CSTF4SE Gypsum to NE Solomon, KS25.240015
May 208:00 PM CSTF2E Woodward, OK2.275
May 208:15 PM CSTF3Hope to N Junction City, KS29.6400
May 208:30 PM CSTF2Mooreland, OK11.770
May 208:30 PM CSTF2SE Hammon/NE Butler/N Thomas, OK36.51003
May 208:30 PM CSTF2W Vici, OK21.5
May 208:40 PM CSTF2Chase, KS0.94
May 208:45 PM CSTF2Waynoka, OK21.9
May 209:00 PM CSTF3W Waynoka to Hopeton, OK30.4100
May 209:00 PM CSTF2SE Watonga/S Loyal/Dover, OK24.3
May 209:45 PM CSTF3NW Emporia to E Eskridge, KS30.73003
May 2011:30 PM CSTF4Etna, OK15.340017
May 2011:30 PM CSTF2NW Watonga/NW Hitchcock, OK12.4

May 21 18 tornadoes

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
May 2112:15 AM CSTF3Cleveland, OK4.81
May 2112:30 AM CSTF2Oologah, OK2001
May 2112:45 AM CSTF2N Claremore/Chelsea/Estella, OK17.81501
May 211:07 AM CSTF2Big Cabin, OK
May 211:10 AM CSTF2Vinita, OK100
May 2112:30 PM ESTF2Witt Springs, KY7.81504
May 213:30 PM CSTF3New Hartford to SE Clarksville, MO22.5200120
May 214:00 PM CSTF2Pittsburg, IA0.9400
May 214:00 PM CSTF2Washington, MO6.8
May 215:05 PM ESTF3Terre Haute to SW Burnett, IN7.9200310
May 215:15 PM ESTF4Shelburn, IN40.315014251
May 214:30 PM CSTF2Creve Coeur/Lambert Field, MO2
May 214:30 PM CSTF2SSW Mt. Sterling, IL12.0200
May 214:50 PM CSTF4E Florrisant, MO to Wood River, IL30.5600555
May 215:00 PM CSTF4Palestine, IL to Sullivan, IN10.25047
May 215:30 PM CSTF2N West Point, IA7.2
May 215:45 PM CSTF3N Marble Hill to E Oak Ridge, MO15.225016
May 216:55 PM CSTF4Cape Girardeau, MO to IL9.620023130

May 22 4 tornadoes

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
May 226:15 PM CSTF2Abilene, TX0.91005
May 227:30 PM ESTF2SW Clayton/Palm/N Hosensack, PA9.62002
May 228:00 PM ESTF2Cauthornville, VA1.3400
May 228:30 PM ESTF2Harrisburg/Hummelstown, PA9.0

May 23 1 tornado

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
May 237:00 PM CSTF2WNW Hennessey, OK6.3250

May 26 1 tornado

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
May 2612:00 PM ESTF2E Dunn/Newton Grove, NC14.22506

May 31 2 tornadoes

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
May 316:20 PM CSTF2Manhattan, KS12.7130
May 3110:00 PM CSTF2West Fargo, ND0.8100

June 1 7 tornadoes

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
June 112:02 AM CSTF2Pleasant Hill, MO21.3450
June 15:40 PM CSTF3SW Paul, NE to Fremont County, IA12.3100
June 16:15 PM CSTF4Bingham, IA9.81504
June 16:15 PM CSTF4S Fairfax to E Tarkio, MO12.8400116
June 16:15 PM CSTF2E Essex, IA3.8100
June 17:00 PM CSTF2NE Sabetha, KS/Straussville, NE13.9
June 17:15 PM CSTF3SW Seneca to E Bern, KS14.1150

June 8 2 tornadoes

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
June 86:00 PM CSTF2W Shelton/S Wood River, NE17.2
June 86:42 PM CSTF2NW Hebron/Belvidere, NE9.8100310

June 12 1 tornado

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
June 1212:15 PM CSTF2NNW Ainsworth, NE1.2100

June 17 2 tornadoes

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
June 1712:00 PM MSTF3SE Akron, CO1.7
June 175:30 PM MSTF2SW Yuma, CO31.5880

July 2 1 tornado

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
July 26:00 PM CSTF2Birchdale, MN6.9

July 18 1 tornado

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
July 18F2S Brantwood/N Tomahawk, WI22.7300

July 20 1 tornado

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
July 204:30 PM CSTF2Jefferson Davis Parish, LA

July 27 1 tornado

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
July 271:30 PM CSTF2E Clearwater Lake, WI70

July 31 2 tornadoes

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
July 31F2NNE Beresford, SD
July 315:30 PM CSTF3N Elk Point, SD

August 28 3 tornadoes

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
August 284:00 PM ESTF2Apex, NC
August 285:00 PM ESTF3Franklin County, NC3
August 285:30 PM ESTF2Ridgeway, NC

August 30 1 tornado

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
August 304:20 PM CSTF2Montgomery, AL50

September 4 1 tornado

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
September 46:00 PM ESTF2W Newark, WV0.94001

September 12 1 tornado

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
September 124:45 PM CSTF2E La Cygne, KS/S Amsterdam, MO11.630018

October 7 1 tornado

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
October 78:05 AM CSTF2Houston, TX1.4

October 9 9 tornadoes

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
October 93:30 PM CSTF2N Rozel/S Rush Center, KS11.7
October 95:00 PM CSTF2W Windom, KS1.3
October 97:30 PM CSTF3Slapout to N Rosston, OK34.72003
October 99:45 PM CSTF2Lincoln, NE1.415013
October 910:00 PM CSTF2S Rush Center/NE La Crosse, KS20.4
October 910:45 PM CSTF2W Elk City/N Canute/N Foss, OK22.7400
October 911:00 PM CSTF2NE Bison, KS
October 911:10 PM CSTF2Langdon/Arlington, KS15.5400
October 911:45 PM CSTF1Russell, KS2.1301

October 10 2 tornadoes

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
October 1012:30 AM CSTF2NNE Hardy/Davenport, NE19.9
October 102:00 AM CSTF3W Hartington to N Pleasant Valley, NE8.4200

October 20 1 tornado

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
October 203:00 PM CSTF3Hoyt, KS6.1

October 21 2 tornadoes

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
October 2112:20 AM CSTF1N Abilene, TX9.53013
October 216:30 AM CSTF2Avery, TX0.91

October 31 1 tornado

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
October 316:15 AM ESTF2New Market, DE2

November 24 3 tornadoes

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
November 245:15 PM CSTF4Oneonta, AL15.2100444
November 245:15 PM CSTF2Hackneyville/NE Alexander City, AL6.71001010
November 246:00 PM CSTF2S Henagar/N Mentone, AL8.6100120

December 10 1 tornado

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
December 106:15 PM CSTF2Calvin, LA101

December 11 5 tornadoes

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
December 1112:25 PM CSTF2SW Hannibal, MO/Levee, IL8.97012
December 1112:30 PM CSTF2Clinton/W Shirley, AR9.2200
December 112:45 PM CSTF3Providence to N Bradford, AR15.2500411
December 113:45 PM CSTF4W Poplar Bluff, MO10.0400630
December 114:00 PM CSTF2Pana/Dollville, IL8.61001

December 23 1 tornado

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
December 239:00 AM PSTF2Long Beach, WA20

About the record before 1950

Significant tornadoes only
Grazulis listed tornadoes rated F2 or stronger, and weaker ones that killed somebody. Most tornadoes are weaker than F2, so the list holds a fraction of the tornadoes that happened.
The early years are thin
A tornado is on record only where somebody saw it and wrote it down. The count rises through the 1800s with settlement and newspapers, not with the weather.
Rated from accounts
Grazulis rated each tornado decades later from newspaper reports, Weather Bureau records and local histories, not from a damage survey.
The tracks are reconstructed
Tornado Archive drew each path through the places Grazulis names, most often as a straight line from the first to the last. A track can miss a town it hit, and a tornado with one named place is a point. The counties are today’s.
A separate record
SPC’s database, from 1950, counts every confirmed tornado of any strength. The two are kept apart on every page and never added together.

Nearby

Every year before 19501950, the first year of SPC's databaseThe tornado profiles

What this means

Ratings are Grazulis's, read from written accounts of the damage; the rating scale is above. About the record before 1950 says what it holds and what it leaves out.

Sources

Thomas P. Grazulis, Significant Tornadoes 1680-1991 and Significant Tornadoes 1880-1989, as digitized by Tornado Archive (Maas and others, 2024). Public domain. Counties assigned by this site from today’s NWS county lines.