Alert archive / California / Beach Hazards Statements in 2020

Beach Hazards Statement 15, NWS San Francisco Bay Area, CA

December 14, 20206 counties in California

NWS San Francisco Bay Area, CA issued this beach hazards statement at Dec 14, 2020, 7:21 PM PST for 6 counties in California. It took effect at Dec 15, 2020, 3:00 PM PST. It was in force for 12 hr.

The area

The counties it named.

The facts

Issued
Dec 14, 2020, 7:21 PM PST (03:21 UTC)
In effect from
Dec 15, 2020, 3:00 PM PST
Expired
Dec 16, 2020, 3:00 AM PST
In force
12 hr
Issued by
NWS San Francisco Bay Area, CA

Counties City and County of San Francisco, CA, Marin County, CA, Monterey County, CA, San Mateo County, CA, Santa Cruz County, CA, Sonoma County, CA

The radar

The San Francisco radar (KMUX), 53 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 03:21 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

The nearest sounding before it

Oakland, CA (KOAK), launched 00:00Z, 3.4 hours before the alert went out and 26 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Oakland, CA at 00:00Z on 2020-12-15Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 0 joules per kilogram.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Oakland, CA at 00:00Z on 2020-12-15The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity -53 square meters per square second.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
No buoyant parcel
Mixed-layer LCL
1430 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
59 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
-53 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
-11 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted.

360 
WHUS46 KMTR 150321
CFWMTR

Coastal Hazard Message
National Weather Service San Francisco CA
721 PM PST Mon Dec 14 2020

...KING TIDES WILL CAUSE MINOR COASTAL OVERFLOW AND FLOODING
THROUGH TUESDAY...

...LARGE, LONG PERIOD NORTHWEST SWELL WILL BRING HAZARDOUS
CONDITIONS ALONG THE COAST LATE TUESDAY THROUGH WEDNESDAY...

King Tides will continue to impact the region through tomorrow 
leading to the intrusion of seawater into low lying areas, 
generating minor coastal flooding. The main time period of 
concern will occur during the highest of the high tides Tuesday 
morning. Additionally, another long period northwest swell will 
arrive along the coast by Tuesday afternoon. Forerunner waves of 
3 to 7 feet at 19 to 22 seconds are expected initially resulting 
in a brief moderate threat of sneaker waves, particularly during 
the low tide. This swell will quickly build overnight and into 
Wednesday generating large breaking waves of 15 to 20 feet, 
locally up to 25 feet at favored breakpoints. High tides will 
still be on the larger side Wednesday morning as the King Tides 
only just begin to subside creating an additional danger. Thus, 
the surf zone/area beaches will remain hazardous into Wednesday 
afternoon.

CAZ006-505-509-529-530-151500-
/O.EXP.KMTR.SU.Y.0007.000000T0000Z-201215T0300Z/
/O.NEW.KMTR.SU.Y.0008.201216T1200Z-201217T0000Z/
/O.NEW.KMTR.BH.S.0015.201216T0000Z-201216T1200Z/
/O.CON.KMTR.CF.Y.0002.000000T0000Z-201215T2100Z/
San Francisco-
Coastal North Bay Including Point Reyes National Seashore-
San Francisco Peninsula Coast-Northern Monterey Bay-
Southern Monterey Bay and Big Sur Coast-
721 PM PST Mon Dec 14 2020

...COASTAL FLOOD ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1 PM PST
TUESDAY...
...BEACH HAZARDS STATEMENT IN EFFECT FROM TUESDAY AFTERNOON
THROUGH LATE TUESDAY NIGHT...
...HIGH SURF ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM 4 AM TO 4 PM PST WEDNESDAY...

* WHAT...For the Coastal Flood Advisory, minor coastal flooding
  expected. High tides expected in the mid to late morning with
  low tides in the late afternoon to early evening. The High Tide
  at San Francisco will meet or exceed 7 feet. For the Beach
  Hazards Statement, infrequent yet dangerous sneaker waves are
  expected tomorrow afternoon and evening. For the High Surf
  Advisory, large breaking waves of 15 to 20 feet expected at west
  to northwest facing beaches, locally up to 25 feet at favored
  breakpoints.

* WHERE...San Francisco, Coastal North Bay Including Point Reyes 
  National Seashore, San Francisco Peninsula Coast and Southern 
  Monterey Bay and Big Sur Coast Counties, particularly at West 
  and Northwest facing beaches.

* WHEN...For the Coastal Flood Advisory, until 1 PM PST Tuesday.
  For the Beach Hazards Statement, from Tuesday afternoon through
  late Tuesday night. For the High Surf Advisory, from 4 AM to 4
  PM PST Wednesday.

* IMPACTS...Flooding of lots, parks, and roads with only isolated
  road closures expected. Sneaker waves and large breaking waves
  can sweep people off jetties and docks, and into dangerous seas.
  Cold water rescues or drownings are more likely with these waves
  and stronger rip currents. Dangerous swimming and surfing conditions
  and localized beach erosion.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

If travel is required, allow extra time as some roads may be
closed. Do not drive around barricades or through water of
unknown depth. Take the necessary actions to protect flood-prone
property.

Conditions are present to support a heightened risk of unsuspecting
beach goers being swept into the sea by a wave. People walking 
along the beach should never turn their back to the sea. Fisherman
should avoid fishing from rocks or jetties. Large breaking waves 
along the coast will lead to increased wave run-up on beaches with
waves topping and washing over large rocks and jetties.

Remain out of the water to avoid hazardous swimming conditions.

&&

$$

CAZ506-151500-
/O.CON.KMTR.CF.Y.0002.000000T0000Z-201215T2100Z/
North Bay Interior Valleys-
721 PM PST Mon Dec 14 2020

...COASTAL FLOOD ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1 PM PST
TUESDAY...

* WHAT...Minor coastal flooding expected. High tides expected in
  the mid to late morning with low tides in the late afternoon to
  early evening.

* WHERE...North Bay Shorelines.

* WHEN...Until 1 PM PST Tuesday.

* IMPACTS...Flooding of lots, parks, and roads with only 
  isolated road closures expected.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

If travel is required, allow extra time as some roads may be
closed. Do not drive around barricades or through water of
unknown depth. Take the necessary actions to protect flood-prone
property.

&&

$$
5 follow-up statements
152 
WHUS46 KMTR 151236
CFWMTR

Coastal Hazard Message
National Weather Service San Francisco CA
436 AM PST Tue Dec 15 2020

...KING TIDES WILL CAUSE MINOR COASTAL OVERFLOW AND FLOODING
THROUGH TUESDAY...

...LARGE LONG PERIOD NORTHWEST SWELL WILL BRING HAZARDOUS 
CONDITIONS ALONG THE COAST LATE TUESDAY THROUGH WEDNESDAY...

King Tides will continue in the region today. However, northerly
winds along the coast are creating an upwelling type scenario
which causes tides to typically come in under prediction. The SF
tidal station is forecast to reach 6.998 feet just after 11 am,
but will likely be more in the 6.7 to 6.8 range when projecting
the current negative anomaly forward. This will limit impacts
along the Embarcadero, Bayside Marin, and other typically impacted
areas. The coastal flood advisory will remain in place as a
precautionary measure.

Another long period northwest swell will arrive along the coast
this afternoon. Forerunner waves of 3 to 7 feet at 19 to 22 
seconds are expected initially resulting in a brief moderate 
threat of sneaker waves, particularly during the low tide. This 
swell will quickly build overnight and into Wednesday generating 
large breaking waves of 15 to 20 feet, locally up to 25 feet at 
favored breakpoints.

High tides will still be on the full side Wednesday morning as 
the King Tides only just begin to subside creating an additional 
danger. Thus, the surf zone/area beaches will remain hazardous 
into Wednesday afternoon.

CAZ006-505-509-529-530-152045-
/O.EXT.KMTR.SU.Y.0008.201216T1100Z-201216T2300Z/
/O.EXT.KMTR.BH.S.0015.201215T2300Z-201216T1100Z/
/O.CON.KMTR.CF.Y.0002.000000T0000Z-201215T2100Z/
San Francisco-
Coastal North Bay Including Point Reyes National Seashore-
San Francisco Peninsula Coast-Northern Monterey Bay-
Southern Monterey Bay and Big Sur Coast-
436 AM PST Tue Dec 15 2020

...COASTAL FLOOD ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1 PM PST THIS
AFTERNOON...
...BEACH HAZARDS STATEMENT NOW IN EFFECT FROM 3 PM PST THIS
AFTERNOON THROUGH LATE TONIGHT...
...HIGH SURF ADVISORY NOW IN EFFECT FROM 3 AM TO 3 PM PST
WEDNESDAY...

* WHAT...For the Coastal Flood Advisory, minor coastal flooding
  expected. High tides are forecast for late morning. The High
  Tide at San Francisco will be near 7 feet. For the Beach Hazards
  Statement, infrequent yet dangerous sneaker waves are expected
  this afternoon and evening. For the High Surf Advisory on
  Wednesday, large breaking waves of 15 to 20 feet expected at 
  west to northwest facing beaches, locally up to 25 feet at 
  favored breakpoints.

* WHERE...San Francisco, Coastal North Bay Including Point Reyes 
  National Seashore, San Francisco Peninsula Coast and Southern 
  Monterey Bay and Big Sur Coast Counties, particularly at West 
  and Northwest facing beaches.

* WHEN...For the Coastal Flood Advisory, until 1 PM PST this
  afternoon. For the Beach Hazards Statement, from 3 PM PST this
  afternoon through late tonight. For the High Surf Advisory, 
  from 3 AM to 3 PM PST Wednesday.

* IMPACTS...Flooding of lots, parks, and roads with only isolated
  road closures expected. Sneaker waves and large breaking waves
  can sweep people off jetties and docks, and into dangerous seas.
  Cold water rescues or drownings are more likely with these waves
  and stronger rip currents. Dangerous swimming and surfing
  conditions and localized beach erosion.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

If travel is required, allow extra time as some roads may be
closed. Do not drive around barricades or through water of
unknown depth. Take the necessary actions to protect flood-prone
property.

Conditions are present to support a heightened risk of
unsuspecting beach goers being swept into the sea by a wave.
People walking along the beach should never turn their back to
the sea. Fisherman should avoid fishing from rocks or jetties.
Large breaking waves along the coast will lead to increased wave
run-up on beaches with waves topping and washing over large rocks
and jetties.

Remain out of the water to avoid hazardous swimming conditions.

&&

$$

CAZ506-152045-
/O.CON.KMTR.CF.Y.0002.000000T0000Z-201215T2100Z/
North Bay Interior Valleys-
436 AM PST Tue Dec 15 2020

...COASTAL FLOOD ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1 PM PST THIS
AFTERNOON...

* WHAT...Minor coastal flooding expected. High tides expected late
  morning.

* WHERE...North Bay Shorelines.

* WHEN...Until 1 PM PST Tuesday.

* IMPACTS...Flooding of lots, parks, and roads with only 
  isolated road closures expected.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

If travel is required, allow extra time as some roads may be
closed. Do not drive around barricades or through water of
unknown depth. Take the necessary actions to protect flood-prone
property.

&&

$$
713 
WHUS46 KMTR 152052
CFWMTR

Coastal Hazard Message
National Weather Service San Francisco CA
1252 PM PST Tue Dec 15 2020

...LARGE LONG PERIOD NORTHWEST SWELL WILL BRING HAZARDOUS 
CONDITIONS ALONG THE COAST LATE TUESDAY THROUGH WEDNESDAY...

.Another long period northwest swell will arrive along the coast 
this afternoon. Forerunner waves of 3 to 7 feet at 19 to 22 
seconds are expected initially resulting in a brief moderate 
threat of sneaker waves, particularly during the low tide. This 
swell will quickly build overnight and into Wednesday generating 
large breaking waves of 15 to 20 feet, locally up to 25 feet at 
favored breakpoints.

High tides will still be on the full side Wednesday morning as
the King Tides only just begin to subside creating an additional
danger. Thus, the surf zone and area beaches will remain 
hazardous into Wednesday afternoon.

CAZ006-505-509-529-530-152300-
/O.EXP.KMTR.CF.Y.0002.000000T0000Z-201215T2100Z/
/O.CON.KMTR.SU.Y.0008.201216T1100Z-201216T2300Z/
/O.CON.KMTR.BH.S.0015.201215T2300Z-201216T1100Z/
San Francisco-
Coastal North Bay Including Point Reyes National Seashore-
San Francisco Peninsula Coast-Northern Monterey Bay-
Southern Monterey Bay and Big Sur Coast-
1252 PM PST Tue Dec 15 2020

...BEACH HAZARDS STATEMENT REMAINS IN EFFECT THROUGH LATE
TONIGHT...
...HIGH SURF ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM 3 AM TO 3 PM PST
WEDNESDAY...

* WHAT...For the High Surf Advisory, large breaking waves of 15 to 
  20 feet at west to northwest facing beaches, locally up to 25 
  feet at favored breakpoints. For the Beach Hazards Statement 
  infrequent yet dangerous sneaker waves are expected this 
  afternoon and evening.

* WHERE...San Francisco, Coastal North Bay Including Point Reyes 
  National Seashore, San Francisco Peninsula Coast and Southern 
  Monterey Bay and Big Sur Coast Counties, particularly at West 
  and Northwest facing beaches.

* WHEN...For the Beach Hazards Statement, from 3 PM PST this 
  afternoon through late tonight. For the High Surf Advisory, from
  3 AM to 3 PM PST Wednesday.

* IMPACTS...Sneaker waves and large breaking waves can sweep 
  people off jetties and docks, and into dangerous seas. Cold 
  water rescues or drownings are more likely with these waves and 
  stronger rip currents. Dangerous swimming and surfing conditions
  and localized beach erosion.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Inexperienced swimmers should remain out of the water due to
dangerous surf conditions.

Remain out of the water to avoid hazardous swimming conditions.

&&

$$

CAZ506-152200-
/O.EXP.KMTR.CF.Y.0002.000000T0000Z-201215T2100Z/
North Bay Interior Valleys-
1252 PM PST Tue Dec 15 2020

...COASTAL FLOOD ADVISORY WILL EXPIRE AT 1 PM PST THIS
AFTERNOON...

The highest tides have occurred with negative low tides for the
next cycle. Even though tides will be higher than normal on
Wednesday the coastal flood advisory will be allowed to expire at
1 pm Tuesday.

$$
509 
WHUS46 KMTR 152236
CFWMTR

Coastal Hazard Message
National Weather Service San Francisco CA
236 PM PST Tue Dec 15 2020

...LARGE LONG PERIOD NORTHWEST SWELL WILL BRING HAZARDOUS
CONDITIONS ALONG THE COAST LATE TUESDAY THROUGH WEDNESDAY...

.Another long period northwest swell will arrive along the coast
this afternoon. Forerunner waves of 3 to 7 feet at 19 to
22 seconds are expected initially resulting in a brief moderate
threat of sneaker waves, particularly during the low tide. This
swell will quickly build overnight and into Wednesday generating
large breaking waves of 15 to 20 feet, locally up to 25 feet at
favored breakpoints.

High tides will still be on the full side Wednesday morning as
the King Tides only just begin to subside creating an additional
danger. Thus, the surf zone and area beaches will remain
hazardous into Wednesday afternoon.

CAZ006-505-509-529-530-160630-
/O.CON.KMTR.SU.Y.0008.201216T1100Z-201216T2300Z/
/O.CON.KMTR.BH.S.0015.201215T2300Z-201216T1100Z/
San Francisco-
Coastal North Bay Including Point Reyes National Seashore-
San Francisco Peninsula Coast-Northern Monterey Bay-
Southern Monterey Bay and Big Sur Coast-
236 PM PST Tue Dec 15 2020

...BEACH HAZARDS STATEMENT REMAINS IN EFFECT THROUGH LATE
TONIGHT...
...HIGH SURF ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM 3 AM TO 3 PM PST
WEDNESDAY...

* WHAT...For the High Surf Advisory, large breaking waves of 15 
  to 20 feet at west to northwest facing beaches, locally up to 
  25 feet at favored breakpoints. For the Beach Hazards 
  Statement infrequent yet dangerous sneaker waves are expected 
  this afternoon and evening.

* WHERE...San Francisco, Coastal North Bay Including Point Reyes 
  National Seashore, San Francisco Peninsula Coast and Southern 
  Monterey Bay and Big Sur Coast Counties, particularly at West 
  and Northwest facing beaches.

* WHEN...For the Beach Hazards Statement, from 3 PM PST this 
  afternoon through late tonight. For the High Surf Advisory, 
  from 3 AM to 3 PM PST Wednesday.

* IMPACTS...Sneaker waves and large breaking waves can sweep 
  people off jetties and docks, and into dangerous seas. Cold 
  water rescues or drownings are more likely with these waves 
  and stronger rip currents. Dangerous swimming and surfing 
  conditions and localized beach erosion.


PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Inexperienced swimmers should remain out of the water due to
dangerous surf conditions.

Remain out of the water to avoid hazardous swimming conditions.

&&

$$
247 
WHUS46 KMTR 160538
CFWMTR

Coastal Hazard Message
National Weather Service San Francisco CA
938 PM PST Tue Dec 15 2020

...LARGE LONG PERIOD NORTHWEST SWELL WILL BRING HAZARDOUS
CONDITIONS ALONG THE COAST THROUGH WEDNESDAY...

.Another long period northwest swell will impact the coastline
through Wednesday. Forerunner waves of 3 to 7 feet at 19 to 22 
seconds are expected initially resulting in a brief moderate 
threat of sneaker waves. This swell will quickly build overnight 
and into Wednesday generating large breaking waves of 15 to 20 
feet, locally up to 25 feet at favored breakpoints.

High tides will still be on the full side Wednesday morning as
the King Tides only just begin to subside creating an additional
danger. Thus, the surf zone and area beaches will remain
hazardous into Wednesday afternoon.

CAZ006-505-509-529-530-161100-
/O.CON.KMTR.SU.Y.0008.201216T1100Z-201216T2300Z/
/O.CON.KMTR.BH.S.0015.000000T0000Z-201216T1100Z/
San Francisco-
Coastal North Bay Including Point Reyes National Seashore-
San Francisco Peninsula Coast-Northern Monterey Bay-
Southern Monterey Bay and Big Sur Coast-
938 PM PST Tue Dec 15 2020

...BEACH HAZARDS STATEMENT REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 3 AM PST
WEDNESDAY...
...HIGH SURF ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM 3 AM TO 3 PM PST
WEDNESDAY...

* WHAT...For the Beach Hazards Statement infrequent yet dangerous
  sneaker waves are expected this evening. For the High Surf
  Advisory, large breaking waves of 15 to 20 feet at west to
  northwest facing beaches, locally up to 25 feet at favored
  breakpoints.

* WHERE...San Francisco, Coastal North Bay Including Point Reyes 
  National Seashore, San Francisco Peninsula Coast and Southern 
  Monterey Bay and Big Sur Coast Counties, particularly at West 
  and Northwest facing beaches.

* WHEN...For the Beach Hazards Statement, until 3 AM PST 
  Wednesday. For the High Surf Advisory, from 3 AM to 3 PM PST 
  Wednesday. 

* IMPACTS...Sneaker waves and large breaking waves can sweep 
  people off jetties and docks, and into dangerous seas. Cold 
  water rescues or drownings are more likely with these waves 
  and stronger rip currents. Dangerous swimming and surfing 
  conditions and localized beach erosion.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Inexperienced swimmers should remain out of the water due to
dangerous surf conditions.

Remain out of the water to avoid hazardous swimming conditions.

&&

$$
982 
WHUS46 KMTR 161058
CFWMTR

Coastal Hazard Message
National Weather Service San Francisco CA
258 AM PST Wed Dec 16 2020

...LARGE LONG PERIOD NORTHWEST SWELL WILL CAUSE HIGH SURF ALONG 
THE COAST THROUGH 3 PM PST TODAY...

.Another long period northwest swell will impact the coastline
through today. Forerunner waves of 3 to 7 feet at 19 to 22 
seconds are expected initially resulting in a brief moderate 
threat of sneaker waves. This swell will quickly build today 
generating large breaking waves of 15 to 20 feet, locally up to 25
feet at favored breakpoints.

High tides will still be on the full side today morning as the 
King Tides only just begin to subside creating an additional 
danger. Thus, the surf zone and area beaches will remain hazardous
into this afternoon.

CAZ006-505-509-529-530-162200-
/O.EXP.KMTR.BH.S.0015.000000T0000Z-201216T1100Z/
/O.CON.KMTR.SU.Y.0008.201216T1100Z-201216T2300Z/
San Francisco-
Coastal North Bay Including Point Reyes National Seashore-
San Francisco Peninsula Coast-Northern Monterey Bay-
Southern Monterey Bay and Big Sur Coast-
258 AM PST Wed Dec 16 2020

...HIGH SURF ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 3 PM PST THIS
AFTERNOON...
...BEACH HAZARDS STATEMENT WILL EXPIRE AT 3 AM PST EARLY THIS
MORNING...

* WHAT...The Beach Hazards Statement expires at 3 am PST today. 
  For the High Surf Advisory, large breaking waves of 15 to 20 
  feet at west to northwest facing beaches, locally up to 25 feet 
  at favored breakpoints.

* WHERE...San Francisco, Coastal North Bay Including Point Reyes 
  National Seashore, San Francisco Peninsula Coast and Southern 
  Monterey Bay and Big Sur Coast Counties, particularly at West 
  and Northwest facing beaches. 

* WHEN...For the Beach Hazards Statement, expires at 3 AM PST 
  today. For the High Surf Advisory, from 3 AM to 3 PM PST today. 

* IMPACTS...Sneaker waves and large breaking waves can sweep 
  people off jetties and docks, and into dangerous seas. Cold 
  water rescues or drownings are more likely with these waves 
  and stronger rip currents. Dangerous swimming and surfing 
  conditions and localized beach erosion. 

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Inexperienced swimmers should remain out of the water due to
dangerous surf conditions.

Remain out of the water to avoid hazardous swimming conditions.

&&

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A High Surf Advisory means that high surf will affect beaches in
the advisory area, producing rip currents, localized beach
erosion and sneaker waves.

&&

$$

The office that day

Everything else NWS San Francisco Bay Area, CA issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Dec 14, 7:21 PM PSTHigh Surf AdvisoryMTRMarin, Monterey, City and County of San Francisco, San Mateo, Santa Cruz, Sonoma44 hr
Dec 15, 3:07 PM PSTSmall Craft AdvisoryMTR3 days

Nearby

Beach Hazards Statements in California, 2020Every beach hazards statement in 2020

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.