Alert archive / Pennsylvania / River Flood Warnings in 2018

River Flood Warning 36, NWS Philadelphia/Mount Holly

August 13, 2018Berks County, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania

NWS Philadelphia/Mount Holly issued this river flood warning at Aug 13, 2018, 12:14 PM EDT for Berks County, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania. It took effect at Aug 13, 2018, 4:10 PM EDT. It was in force for 19 hr.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued: Aug 13, 2018, 12:14 PM EDT (16:14 UTC)
In effect from: Aug 13, 2018, 4:10 PM EDT
Expired: Aug 14, 2018, 11:00 AM EDT
In force: 19 hr
Issued by: NWS Philadelphia/Mount Holly
Area: Storm-based polygon
Flood severity: Minor

Counties Berks County, PA, Montgomery County, PA

The radar

The Philadelphia radar (KDIX), 144 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 16:17 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

The river

Written for the forecast point Schuylkill River at Berne (BREP1). The gauge peaked at 12.89 ft at Aug 13, 2018, 9:00 PM EDT.

Action stage: 10 ft
Minor stage: 12 ft
Moderate stage: 14 ft
Major stage: 16 ft

This gauge today: stage, forecast and historic crests

Stage from the USGS instantaneous record for site 01470500, one reading an hour, from a day before the product to a day after it ended. Flood stages are today's.

The text

As transmitted.

988 
WGUS41 KPHI 131614
FLWPHI
BULLETIN - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
Flood Warning
National Weather Service Mt Holly NJ
1214 PM EDT Mon Aug 13 2018

...The National Weather Service in Mount Holly NJ has issued a flood warning for
the following rivers in Pennsylvania...

  Schuylkill River At Berne affecting Berks and Montgomery Counties
  Schuylkill River At Pottstown affecting Montgomery County
  Schuylkill River At Norristown affecting Chester...Montgomery and Philadelphia
  Counties

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

SAFETY MESSAGE...Do not attempt to drive through flooded areas. The water may be
deeper than you think.

&&

PAC011-091-132213-
/O.NEW.KPHI.FL.W.0036.180814T0300Z-180814T1500Z/
/BREP1.1.ER.180814T0300Z.180814T0600Z.180814T0900Z.NO/
1214 PM EDT Mon Aug 13 2018

The National Weather Service in Mount Holly NJ has issued a 

* Flood Warning for 
  The Schuylkill River at Berne.
* from this evening to Tuesday morning...Or until the warning is cancelled.
* At 11:31 AM Monday the stage was 9.2 feet.
* Flood stage is 12.0 feet.
* Minor flooding is forecast.
* Forecast...Rise above flood stage by tonight and continue to rise to near 12.5
  feet by after midnight tonight.the river will fall below flood stage by early 
  tomorrow.
* Impact...At 12.0 feet...Miller Street in Shoemakersville floods.
* Flood history...This crest compares to a previous crest of 12.9 feet on Aug 13 
  2004.  

 
&&

                         FLD    OBSERVED           FORECAST
 LOCATION                STG    STG  DAY TIME      CREST

Schuylkill River
  Berne                  12.0    9.17  Mon 12 PM   12.5    Tue 2 AM 
 
&&
 
LAT...LON 4056 7598 4059 7595 4036 7591 4031 7598
                                      

$$

PAC011-132213-
/O.ROU.KPHI.HY.S.0000.000000T0000Z-000000T0000Z/
/RDRP1.N.UU.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.OO/
1214 PM EDT Mon Aug 13 2018

Forecast information for
  Schuylkill River at Reading.
* At 11:31 AM Monday the stage was 7.5 feet.
* Flood stage is 15.5 feet.
* No flooding is currently forecast.
* Forecast...The river will rise to near 15.1 feet tomorrow morning.
* Impact...At 15.5 feet...Flooding begins in Reading. Portions of Water and 
  Canal Streets are flooded.
* Flood history...This crest compares to a previous crest of 15.0 feet on Jan 28 
  1996.  

 
&&

                         FLD    OBSERVED           FORECAST
 LOCATION                STG    STG  DAY TIME      CREST

Schuylkill River
  Reading                15.5    7.51  Mon 12 PM   15.1    Tue 8 AM 
 
&&
 
LAT...LON 4031 7599 4036 7591 4030 7580 4026 7562
      4020 7569 4024 7584             

$$

PAC091-132213-
/O.NEW.KPHI.FL.W.0037.180813T2000Z-180815T2100Z/
/PTNP1.1.ER.180813T2000Z.180814T1800Z.180815T1500Z.NO/
1214 PM EDT Mon Aug 13 2018

The National Weather Service in Mount Holly NJ has issued a 

* Flood Warning for 
  The Schuylkill River at Pottstown.
* from this afternoon to Wednesday afternoon...Or until the warning is 
  cancelled.
* At 11:46 AM Monday the stage was 11.0 feet.
* Flood stage is 12.5 feet.
* Minor flooding is forecast.
* Forecast...Rise above flood stage by late this afternoon and continue to rise 
  to near 16.3 feet by early tomorrow afternoon.the river will fall below flood 
  stage by late Wednesday morning.
* Impact...At 13.0 feet...Portions of PA Route 724 along the Berks/Chester 
  county line are closed due to high water, specfically Union Township in Berks 
  county and North Coventry Township in Chester county.
* Flood history...This crest compares to a previous crest of 14.8 feet on Jan 20 
  1996.  

 
&&

                         FLD    OBSERVED           FORECAST
 LOCATION                STG    STG  DAY TIME      CREST

Schuylkill River
  Pottstown              12.5   11.03  Mon 12 PM   16.3    Tue 2 PM 
 
&&
 
LAT...LON 4020 7569 4026 7562 4013 7535 4006 7542
                                      

$$

PAC029-091-101-132213-
/O.NEW.KPHI.FL.W.0038.180813T1700Z-180815T2000Z/
/NRSP1.1.ER.180813T1700Z.180814T1200Z.180815T1400Z.NO/
1214 PM EDT Mon Aug 13 2018

The National Weather Service in Mount Holly NJ has issued a 

* Flood Warning for 
  The Schuylkill River at Norristown.
* until Wednesday afternoon...Or until the warning is cancelled.
* At 11:30 AM Monday the stage was 12.4 feet.
* Flood stage is 13.0 feet.
* Minor flooding is forecast.
* Forecast...Rise above flood stage by this afternoon and continue to rise to 
  near 14.8 feet by tomorrow morning.the river will fall below flood stage by 
  late Wednesday morning.
* Impact...At 15.0 feet...River Road in West Conshohocken begins to flood. The 
  lower garages at the Riverview Landing and the Lofts at Valley Forge start to 
  take on water. The lower section of Port Indain Road in West Norriton becomes 
  impassable.
* Flood history...This crest compares to a previous crest of 14.4 feet on Mar 11 
  2011.  

 
&&

                         FLD    OBSERVED           FORECAST
 LOCATION                STG    STG  DAY TIME      CREST

Schuylkill River
  Norristown             13.0   12.39  Mon 11 AM   14.8    Tue 8 AM 
 
&&
 
LAT...LON 4006 7542 4013 7535 4002 7517 3998 7525
                                      

$$

PAC091-101-132213-
/O.ROU.KPHI.HY.S.0000.000000T0000Z-000000T0000Z/
/PADP1.N.UU.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.OO/
1214 PM EDT Mon Aug 13 2018

Forecast information for
  Schuylkill River at Philadelphia.
* At 11:00 AM Monday the stage was 8.1 feet.
* Flood stage is 11.0 feet.
* No flooding is currently forecast.
* Forecast...The river will rise to near 10.8 feet tomorrow morning.
* Impact...At 11.0 feet...Kelly Drive is flooded and closed between Hunting Park
  Avenue and Falls Bridge. The Flat Rock area is flooded.
* Flood history...This crest compares to a previous crest of 10.7 feet on Dec 17 
  2000.  

 
&&

                         FLD    OBSERVED           FORECAST
 LOCATION                STG    STG  DAY TIME      CREST

Schuylkill River
  Philadelphia           11.0    8.11  Mon 11 AM   10.8    Tue 8 AM 
 
&&
 
LAT...LON 3998 7525 4002 7517 3988 7517 3985 7525
                                      

$$

3 follow-up statements

659 
WGUS81 KPHI 132016
FLSPHI
Flood Statement
National Weather Service Mt Holly NJ
416 PM EDT Mon Aug 13 2018

...The Flood Warning continues for the following rivers in
   Pennsylvania...

  Schuylkill River At Berne affecting Berks and Montgomery Counties
  Schuylkill River At Pottstown affecting Montgomery County
  Schuylkill River At Norristown affecting Chester...Montgomery and 
  Philadelphia Counties

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

SAFETY MESSAGE...Do not attempt to drive through flooded areas. 
The water may be deeper than you think.

&&

PAC011-091-140616-
/O.EXT.KPHI.FL.W.0036.180813T2010Z-180814T2000Z/
/BREP1.1.ER.180813T1956Z.180814T0600Z.180814T1400Z.NO/
416 PM EDT Mon Aug 13 2018

The Flood Warning continues for
  The Schuylkill River at Berne.
* Until Tuesday afternoon...or until the warning is cancelled.
* At 4:01 PM Monday the stage was 12.0 feet.
* Flood stage is 12.0 feet.
* Minor flooding is occurring and Minor flooding is forecast.
* Forecast...The river will continue rising to near 12.7 feet tonight.
  The river will fall below flood stage late tomorrow morning.
* Impact...At 12.0 feet...Miller Street in Shoemakersville floods.
* Flood history...This crest compares to a previous crest of 12.9 
  feet on Aug 13 2004.  
 
&&

                         FLD    OBSERVED           FORECAST
 LOCATION                STG    STG    DAY TIME    CREST

Schuylkill River
  Berne                  12.0   12.02  Mon 4 PM    12.7    Tue 2 AM 
 
&&
 
LAT...LON 4056 7598 4059 7595 4036 7591 4031 7598
                                      
$$

PAC091-140616-
/O.EXT.KPHI.FL.W.0037.000000T0000Z-180815T1100Z/
/PTNP1.1.ER.180813T1751Z.180814T1200Z.180815T0500Z.NO/
416 PM EDT Mon Aug 13 2018

The Flood Warning continues for
  The Schuylkill River at Pottstown.
* At 3:46 PM Monday the stage was 12.6 feet.
* Flood stage is 12.5 feet.
* Minor flooding is occurring and Minor flooding is forecast.
* Forecast...The river will continue rising to near 14.9 feet by
  tomorrow morning. The river will fall below flood stage early 
  Wednesday morning.
* Impact...At 13.0 feet...Portions of PA Route 724 along the 
  Berks/Chester county line are closed due to high water, specifically
  Union Township in Berks county and North Coventry Township in
  Chester county.
* Flood history...This crest compares to a previous crest of 14.8 feet
  on Jan 20 1996.  
 
&&

                         FLD    OBSERVED           FORECAST
 LOCATION                STG    STG    DAY TIME    CREST

Schuylkill River
  Pottstown              12.5   12.62  Mon 4 PM    14.9    Tue 8 AM 
 
&&
 
LAT...LON 4020 7569 4026 7562 4013 7535 4006 7542
                                      
$$

PAC029-091-101-140616-
/O.EXT.KPHI.FL.W.0038.000000T0000Z-180815T1700Z/
/NRSP1.1.ER.180813T1811Z.180814T0600Z.180815T1100Z.NO/
416 PM EDT Mon Aug 13 2018

The Flood Warning continues for
  The Schuylkill River at Norristown.
* At 3:30 PM Monday the stage was 13.7 feet.
* Flood stage is 13.0 feet.
* Minor flooding is occurring and Minor flooding is forecast.
* Forecast...The river will continue rising to near 15.7 feet tonight. 
  The river will fall below flood stage Wednesday morning.
* Impact...At 16.0 feet...The Upper Merion Boathouse starts to flood.
* Flood history...This crest compares to a previous crest of 16.0 feet
  on Sep 18 2004.  
 
&&

                         FLD    OBSERVED           FORECAST
 LOCATION                STG    STG    DAY TIME    CREST

Schuylkill River
  Norristown             13.0   13.68  Mon 3 PM    15.7    Tue 2 AM 
 
&&
 
LAT...LON 4006 7542 4013 7535 4002 7517 3998 7525
                                      

$$

Kruzdlo

384 
WGUS81 KPHI 140126
FLSPHI
Flood Statement
National Weather Service Mt Holly NJ
926 PM EDT Mon Aug 13 2018

...The Flood Warning continues for the following rivers in
   Pennsylvania...

  Schuylkill River At Berne affecting Berks and Montgomery
  Counties
  Schuylkill River At Pottstown affecting Montgomery County
  Schuylkill River At Norristown affecting Chester...Montgomery
  and Philadelphia Counties
  Schuylkill River At Philadelphia affecting Montgomery and
  Philadelphia Counties

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

SAFETY MESSAGE...Do not attempt to drive through flooded areas.
The water may be deeper than you think.

&&

PAC011-091-141125-
/O.EXT.KPHI.FL.W.0036.000000T0000Z-180814T1300Z/
/BREP1.1.ER.180813T1956Z.180814T0032Z.180814T0700Z.NO/
926 PM EDT Mon Aug 13 2018

The Flood Warning continues for
  The Schuylkill River at Berne.
* At 8:32 PM Monday the stage was 12.9 feet.
* Flood stage is 12.0 feet.
* Minor flooding is occurring and Minor flooding is forecast.
* Forecast...The river will crest late this evening and fall below 
  flood stage early tomorrow.
* Impact...At 12.0 feet...Miller Street in Shoemakersville floods.
* Flood history...This crest compares to a previous crest of 12.9 
  feet on Aug 13 2004.  
 
&&

                         FLD    OBSERVED           FORECAST
 LOCATION                STG    STG    DAY TIME    CREST

Schuylkill River
  Berne                  12.0   12.89  Mon 9 PM    Near crest
 
&&
 
LAT...LON 4056 7598 4059 7595 4036 7591 4031 7598
                                      

$$

PAC091-141125-
/O.EXT.KPHI.FL.W.0037.000000T0000Z-180815T0800Z/
/PTNP1.1.ER.180813T1751Z.180814T1200Z.180815T0200Z.NO/
926 PM EDT Mon Aug 13 2018

The Flood Warning continues for
  The Schuylkill River at Pottstown.
* At 8:46 PM Monday the stage was 11.9 feet.
* Flood stage is 12.5 feet.
* Minor flooding is forecast.
* Forecast...Rise above flood stage once again tonight and continue
  to rise to near 15.2 feet by tomorrow morning. The river will fall
  below flood stage by late tomorrow evening.
* Flood history...This crest compares to a previous crest of 14.8 feet
  on Jan 20 1996.  
 
&&

                         FLD    OBSERVED           FORECAST
 LOCATION                STG    STG    DAY TIME    CREST

Schuylkill River
  Pottstown              12.5   11.86  Mon 9 PM    15.2    Tue 8 AM 
 
&&
 
LAT...LON 4020 7569 4026 7562 4013 7535 4006 7542
                                      

$$

PAC029-091-101-141125-
/O.EXT.KPHI.FL.W.0038.000000T0000Z-180815T1500Z/
/NRSP1.1.ER.180813T1811Z.180814T0600Z.180815T0900Z.NO/
926 PM EDT Mon Aug 13 2018

The Flood Warning continues for
  The Schuylkill River at Norristown.
* At 8:30 PM Monday the stage was 14.6 feet.
* Flood stage is 13.0 feet.
* Minor flooding is occurring and Minor flooding is forecast.
* Forecast...The river will continue rising to near 15.5 feet tonight.
  The river will fall below flood stage Wednesday morning.
* Impact...At 16.0 feet...The Upper Merion Boathouse starts to flood.
* Flood history...This crest compares to a previous crest of 15.4 feet 
  on Sep 29 2004.  
 
&&

                         FLD    OBSERVED           FORECAST
 LOCATION                STG    STG    DAY TIME    CREST

Schuylkill River
  Norristown             13.0   14.65  Mon 8 PM    15.5    Tue 2 AM 
 
&&
 
LAT...LON 4006 7542 4013 7535 4002 7517 3998 7525
                                      

$$

PAC091-101-141125-
/O.EXT.KPHI.FL.W.0040.000000T0000Z-180815T0051Z/
/PADP1.1.ER.180814T0400Z.180814T0600Z.180814T1851Z.NO/
926 PM EDT Mon Aug 13 2018

The Flood Warning continues for
  The Schuylkill River at Philadelphia.
* At 8:00 PM Monday the stage was 10.6 feet.
* Flood stage is 11.0 feet.
* Minor flooding is forecast.
* Forecast...Rise above flood stage and continue to rise to near 11.3
  feet tonight. The river will fall below flood stage by early tomorrow 
  afternoon.
* Impact...At 11.5 feet...Route 1 off ramp to Ridge Avenue is flooded
  and closed. MLK Drive is flooded and closed between Greenland Drive and
  Montgomery Drive.
* Flood history...This crest compares to a previous crest of 11.3 feet on 
  Sep 18 2004.  
 
&&

                         FLD    OBSERVED           FORECAST
 LOCATION                STG    STG    DAY TIME    CREST

Schuylkill River
  Philadelphia           11.0   10.58  Mon 8 PM    11.3    Tue 2 AM 
 
&&
 
LAT...LON 3998 7525 4002 7517 3988 7517 3985 7525
                                      

$$

Kruzdlo

340 
WGUS81 KPHI 140822
FLSPHI
Flood Statement
National Weather Service Mount Holly NJ
422 AM EDT Tue Aug 14 2018

...The Flood Warning continues for the Schuylkill River from
Pottstown to Norristown...

...The Flood Warning has been cancelled for the other segments
of the Schuylkill River...

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

SAFETY MESSAGE...Do not attempt to drive through flooded areas.
The water may be deeper than you think it is.

&&

PAC011-091-140852-
/O.CAN.KPHI.FL.W.0036.000000T0000Z-180814T1300Z/
/BREP1.1.ER.180813T1956Z.180814T0132Z.180814T0609Z.NO/
422 AM EDT Tue Aug 14 2018

The Flood Warning is cancelled for
  The Schuylkill River at Berne.
* At 4:00 AM, the river level was 11.41 feet.
* Flood stage is 12.0 feet.
* The river fell below flood stage at 2:09 AM.
* Forecast...The river level will continue to fall.

&&

                         FLD    OBSERVED           FORECAST
 LOCATION                STG    STG  DAY TIME      CREST

Schuylkill River
  Berne                 12.0   11.41  Tue 400 AM   Crested 
 
&&
 
LAT...LON 4056 7598 4059 7595 4036 7591 4031 7598
                                      

$$

PAC091-141821-
/O.EXT.KPHI.FL.W.0037.000000T0000Z-180814T1900Z/
/PTNP1.1.ER.180813T1751Z.180814T1200Z.180814T1300Z.NO/
422 AM EDT Tue Aug 14 2018

The Flood Warning continues for
  The Schuylkill River at Pottstown.
* At 4:00 AM, the river level was 12.27 feet.
* Flood stage is 12.5 feet.
* Minor flooding is forecast.
* Forecast...The river level should rise above flood stage
  reaching 13.0 feet early this morning. The river will fall
  back below flood stage late this morning.
* Impact...At 13.0 feet...Portions of PA Route 724 along the
  Berks/Chester County line are closed due to high water,
  specfically in Union Township in Berks County and North
  Coventry Township in Chester County.
* Flood history...This crest compares to a previous crest of
  13.0 feet on Jun 20 2003.  

&&

                         FLD    OBSERVED           FORECAST
 LOCATION                STG    STG  DAY TIME      CREST

Schuylkill River
  Pottstown             12.5   12.27  Tue 400 AM   13.0   Tue 8 AM 
 
&&
 
LAT...LON 4020 7569 4026 7562 4013 7535 4006 7542
                                      

$$

PAC029-091-101-141821-
/O.EXT.KPHI.FL.W.0038.000000T0000Z-180815T0300Z/
/NRSP1.1.ER.180813T1811Z.180814T0245Z.180814T2100Z.NO/
422 AM EDT Tue Aug 14 2018

The Flood Warning continues for
  The Schuylkill River at Norristown.
* At 3:30 AM, the river level was 14.16 feet.
* Flood stage is 13.0 feet.
* Minor flooding is occurring and is forecast to continue.
* Forecast...The river level will continue to fall and it should
  return below flood stage toward evening.
 
&&

                         FLD    OBSERVED           FORECAST
 LOCATION                STG    STG  DAY TIME      CREST

Schuylkill River
  Norristown            13.0   14.16  Tue 330 AM   Crested 
 
&&
 
LAT...LON 4006 7542 4013 7535 4002 7517 3998 7525
                                      

$$

PAC091-101-140852-
/O.CAN.KPHI.FL.W.0040.000000T0000Z-180815T0051Z/
/PADP1.N.ER.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.NO/
422 AM EDT Tue Aug 14 2018

The Flood Warning is cancelled for
  The Schuylkill River at Philadelphia.
* At 3:00 AM, the river level was 10.78 feet.
* Flood stage is 11.0 feet.
* Forecast...The river crested below flood stage at 10.92 feet.
  The river level will continue to fall.
 
&&

                         FLD    OBSERVED           FORECAST
 LOCATION                STG    STG  DAY TIME      CREST

Schuylkill River
  Philadelphia          11.0   10.78  Tue 300 AM   Crested 
 
&&
 
LAT...LON 3998 7525 4002 7517 3988 7517 3985 7525
                                      

$$

Iovino

The office that day

Everything else NWS Philadelphia/Mount Holly issued on the same UTC day.

Issued	Product	Office	Counties	Lasted
Aug 12, 10:08 PM EDT	Flash Flood Watch	PHI	Berks, Bucks, Carbon, Chester, Delaware, Lehigh and 4 more	24 hr
Aug 13, 4:42 AM EDT	Areal Flood Advisory	PHI	Berks	4 hr
Aug 13, 5:12 AM EDT	Areal Flood Advisory	PHI	Chester	103 min
Aug 13, 6:24 AM EDT	Areal Flood Advisory	PHI	Berks, Chester, Delaware, Montgomery	4 hr
Aug 13, 6:50 AM EDT	Flash Flood Warning	PHI	Berks, Chester, Delaware, Montgomery	6 hr
Aug 13, 8:03 AM EDT	Areal Flood Advisory	PHI	Delaware, Montgomery, Philadelphia	4 hr
Aug 13, 8:43 AM EDT	Flash Flood Warning	PHI	Bucks, Delaware, Lehigh, Montgomery, Northampton, Philadelphia	4 hr
Aug 13, 9:21 AM EDT	River Flood Warning	PHI	Chester	10 hr
Aug 13, 10:40 AM EDT	Areal Flood Advisory	PHI	Carbon, Monroe, Northampton	42 min
Aug 13, 11:05 AM EDT	River Flood Warning	PHI	Chester, Delaware	30 hr
Aug 13, 11:21 AM EDT	Areal Flood Warning	PHI	Carbon, Monroe, Northampton	4 hr
Aug 13, 12:14 PM EDT	River Flood Warning	PHI	Montgomery	28 hr
Aug 13, 12:14 PM EDT	River Flood Warning	PHI	Chester, Montgomery, Philadelphia	52 hr
Aug 13, 12:37 PM EDT	Areal Flood Warning	PHI	Berks, Bucks, Chester, Delaware, Lehigh, Montgomery and 1 more	18 hr
Aug 13, 3:07 PM EDT	River Flood Warning	PHI	Montgomery	6 hr
Aug 13, 4:57 PM EDT	Areal Flood Advisory	PHI	Carbon, Monroe, Northampton	3 hr
Aug 13, 5:09 PM EDT	River Flood Warning	PHI	Montgomery, Philadelphia	31 hr
Aug 13, 7:27 PM EDT	Areal Flood Warning	PHI	Carbon, Northampton	7 hr
Aug 13, 7:42 PM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	PHI	Chester	48 min

Nearby

River Flood Warnings in Pennsylvania, 2018 Every river flood warning in 2018

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive; the gauge from the NWS water service and the USGS.