Alert archive / North Dakota / Wind Chill Warnings in 2018
Wind Chill Warning 2, NWS Grand Forks, ND
NWS Grand Forks, ND issued this wind chill warning at Jan 14, 2018, 3:09 PM CST for 13 counties in Minnesota; 17 counties in North Dakota. It took effect at Jan 14, 2018, 6:00 PM CST. It was in force for 54 min. 1 report came from inside the area while it was in force.
The area
The counties it named, with what was reported inside it.
The facts
- Issued
- Jan 14, 2018, 3:09 PM CST (21:09 UTC)
- In effect from
- Jan 14, 2018, 6:00 PM CST
- Expired
- Jan 14, 2018, 6:54 PM CST
- In force
- 54 min
- Issued by
- NWS Grand Forks, ND
All 30 counties
Becker County, MN, Clay County, MN, Grant County, MN, Kittson County, MN, Mahnomen County, MN, Marshall County, MN, Norman County, MN, Otter Tail County, MN, Pennington County, MN, Polk County, MN, Red Lake County, MN, Roseau County, MN, Wilkin County, MN, Barnes County, ND, Benson County, ND, Cass County, ND, Cavalier County, ND, Eddy County, ND, Grand Forks County, ND, Griggs County, ND, Nelson County, ND, Pembina County, ND, Ramsey County, ND, Ransom County, ND, Richland County, ND, Sargent County, ND, Steele County, ND, Towner County, ND, Traill County, ND, Walsh County, ND
The radar
The Fargo/Grand Forks radar (KMVX), 9 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 21:11 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.
Open the radar archive at this moment
The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.
What was reported inside it
| Time | Report | Where | Remark |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jan 14, 6:08 PM CST | SNOW 2 | Detroit Lakes, MN |
Local storm reports filed while the alert was in force, from inside its polygon or its counties.
The nearest sounding before it
Bismarck Municip, ND (KBIS), launched 12:00Z, 9.2 hours before the alert went out and 277 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.
- Mixed-layer CAPE
- 0 J/kg
- Mixed-layer CIN
- No buoyant parcel
- Mixed-layer LCL
- 953 m above ground
- 0-6 km bulk shear
- 53 kt
- 0-1 km storm-relative helicity
- 268 m²/s²
- 0-3 km storm-relative helicity
- 274 m²/s²
- Significant tornado parameter
- 0.0
- Supercell composite
- 0.0
The text
As transmitted.
870 WWUS43 KFGF 142109 WSWFGF URGENT - WINTER WEATHER MESSAGE National Weather Service Grand Forks ND 309 PM CST Sun Jan 14 2018 MNZ001-002-004-007-NDZ008-016-027-030-151800- /O.UPG.KFGF.WC.Y.0009.180115T0000Z-180115T1800Z/ /O.NEW.KFGF.WC.W.0002.180115T0000Z-180115T1800Z/ /O.CON.KFGF.WW.Y.0003.000000T0000Z-180115T0000Z/ West Polk-Norman-Kittson-West Marshall-Pembina- Eastern Walsh County-Grand Forks-Traill- Including the cities of Crookston, East Grand Forks, Ada, Twin Valley, Halstad, Hallock, Karlstad, Lancaster, Warren, Stephen, Argyle, Cavalier, Walhalla, Drayton, Pembina, Neche, St. Thomas, Grafton, Park River, Grand Forks, Mayville, Hillsboro, Hatton, and Portland 309 PM CST Sun Jan 14 2018 ...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 PM CST THIS EVENING... ...WIND CHILL WARNING IN EFFECT UNTIL NOON CST MONDAY... * WHAT...Dangerously cold wind chills expected. Blowing snow expected. Some slick roads and reductions in visibility are expected. Expect wind chills to range from 25 below zero to 45 below zero. Winds gusting as high as 35 mph will cause patchy blowing and drifting snow. * WHERE...Portions of northwest Minnesota and northeast and southeast North Dakota. * WHEN...For the Wind Chill Warning, until noon CST Monday. For the Winter Weather Advisory, until 6 PM CST this evening. * ADDITIONAL DETAILS...The dangerously cold wind chills will cause frostbite in as little as 10 minutes to exposed skin. Winds gusting as high as 35 mph will cause patchy blowing and drifting snow. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Wind Chill Warning means the combination of very cold air and the wind will create dangerously low wind chill values. Frost bite can occur quickly and even hypothermia or death if precautions are not taken. A Winter Weather Advisory for blowing snow means periods of blowing snow will cause primarily travel difficulties. Be prepared for snow covered roads and limited visibilities, and use caution while driving. The latest road conditions for the state you are calling from can be obtained by calling 5 1 1. $$ MNZ003-NDZ039-151800- /O.UPG.KFGF.WC.Y.0009.180115T0300Z-180115T1800Z/ /O.NEW.KFGF.WC.W.0002.180115T0000Z-180115T1800Z/ /O.EXA.KFGF.WW.Y.0003.000000T0000Z-180115T0000Z/ Clay-Cass- Including the cities of Moorhead and Fargo 309 PM CST Sun Jan 14 2018 ...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 PM CST THIS EVENING... ...WIND CHILL WARNING IN EFFECT UNTIL NOON CST MONDAY... * WHAT...Dangerously cold wind chills expected. Snow and blowing snow occurring. Plan on slippery road conditions. In addition, some reductions to visibility are expected. Expect wind chills to range from 25 below zero to 45 below zero. Additional snow accumulations of less than an inch are expected. * WHERE...In Minnesota, Clay County. In North Dakota, Cass County. * WHEN...For the Wind Chill Warning, until noon CST Monday. For the Winter Weather Advisory, until 6 PM CST this evening. * ADDITIONAL DETAILS...The dangerously cold wind chills will cause frostbite in as little as 10 minutes to exposed skin. Winds gusting as high as 35 mph will cause patchy blowing and drifting snow. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Wind Chill Warning means the combination of very cold air and the wind will create dangerously low wind chill values. Frost bite can occur quickly and even hypothermia or death if precautions are not taken. A Winter Weather Advisory for snow and blowing snow means periods of snow and blowing snow will cause primarily travel difficulties. Be prepared for snow covered roads and limited visibilities, and use caution while driving. The latest road conditions for the state you are calling from can be obtained by calling 5 1 1. $$ NDZ029-151800- /O.UPG.KFGF.WC.Y.0009.180115T0000Z-180115T1800Z/ /O.NEW.KFGF.WC.W.0002.180115T0000Z-180115T1800Z/ /O.EXA.KFGF.WW.Y.0003.000000T0000Z-180115T0000Z/ Steele- Including the cities of Finley and Hope 309 PM CST Sun Jan 14 2018 ...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 PM CST THIS EVENING... ...WIND CHILL WARNING IN EFFECT UNTIL NOON CST MONDAY... * WHAT...Dangerously cold wind chills expected. Blowing snow expected. Some slick roads and reductions in visibility are expected. Expect wind chills to range from 25 below zero to 45 below zero. Winds gusting as high as 40 mph will cause patchy blowing and drifting snow. * WHERE...Steele County. * WHEN...For the Wind Chill Warning, until noon CST Monday. For the Winter Weather Advisory, until 6 PM CST this evening. * ADDITIONAL DETAILS...The dangerously cold wind chills will cause frostbite in as little as 10 minutes to exposed skin. Winds gusting as high as 40 mph will cause patchy blowing and drifting snow. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Wind Chill Warning means the combination of very cold air and the wind will create dangerously low wind chill values. Frost bite can occur quickly and even hypothermia or death if precautions are not taken. A Winter Weather Advisory for blowing snow means periods of blowing snow will cause primarily travel difficulties. Be prepared for snow covered roads and limited visibilities, and use caution while driving. The latest road conditions for the state you are calling from can be obtained by calling 5 1 1. $$ MNZ027-029>031-040-NDZ038-049-052-053-151800- /O.UPG.KFGF.WC.Y.0009.180115T0300Z-180115T1800Z/ /O.NEW.KFGF.WC.W.0002.180115T0000Z-180115T1800Z/ West Becker-Wilkin-West Otter Tail-East Otter Tail-Grant-Barnes- Ransom-Sargent-Richland- Including the cities of Detroit Lakes, Breckenridge, Fergus Falls, Perham, New York Mills, Parkers Prairie, Henning, Battle Lake, Elbow Lake, Hoffman, Ashby, Herman, Barrett, Valley City, Lisbon, Enderlin, Gwinner, Milnor, Forman, Rutland, and Wahpeton 309 PM CST Sun Jan 14 2018 ...WIND CHILL WARNING IN EFFECT UNTIL NOON CST MONDAY... * WHAT...Dangerously cold wind chills expected. The dangerously cold wind chills will cause frostbite in as little as 10 minutes to exposed skin. Expect wind chills to range from 25 below zero to 45 below zero. * WHERE...Portions of northwest and west central Minnesota and southeast North Dakota. * WHEN...Until noon CST Monday. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Wind Chill Warning means the combination of very cold air and the wind will create dangerously low wind chill values. Frost bite can occur quickly and even hypothermia or death if precautions are not taken. $$ MNZ005-008-013>015-022-NDZ006-007-014-015-024-026-028-054-151800- /O.UPG.KFGF.WC.Y.0009.180115T0000Z-180115T1800Z/ /O.NEW.KFGF.WC.W.0002.180115T0000Z-180115T1800Z/ Roseau-East Marshall-Pennington-Red Lake-East Polk-Mahnomen- Towner-Cavalier-Benson-Ramsey-Eddy-Nelson-Griggs- Western Walsh County- Including the cities of Roseau, Warroad, Greenbush, Newfolden, Middle River, Grygla, Thief River Falls, Red Lake Falls, Fosston, Fertile, McIntosh, Erskine, Mahnomen, Naytahwaush, Waubun, Cando, Langdon, Fort Totten, Maddock, Leeds, Minnewaukan, Devils Lake, New Rockford, Lakota, Mcville, Aneta, Tolna, Cooperstown, Edinburg, Adams, and Lankin 309 PM CST Sun Jan 14 2018 ...WIND CHILL WARNING IN EFFECT UNTIL NOON CST MONDAY... * WHAT...Dangerously cold wind chills expected. The dangerously cold wind chills will cause frostbite in as little as 10 minutes to exposed skin. Expect wind chills to range from 30 below zero to 50 below zero. * WHERE...Portions of northwest Minnesota and northeast and southeast North Dakota. * WHEN...Until noon CST Monday. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Wind Chill Warning means the combination of very cold air and the wind will create dangerously low wind chill values. Frost bite can occur quickly and even hypothermia or death if precautions are not taken. $$ MNZ017-023-024-028-032-151800- /O.EXT.KFGF.WC.Y.0009.180115T0000Z-180115T1800Z/ South Beltrami-South Clearwater-Hubbard-East Becker-Wadena- Including the cities of Bemidji, Alida, Ebro, Lake Itasca, Long Lost Lake, Lower Rice Lake, Roy Lake, Upper Rice Lake, Park Rapids, Wolf Lake, Wadena, and Menahga 309 PM CST Sun Jan 14 2018 ...WIND CHILL ADVISORY NOW IN EFFECT UNTIL NOON CST MONDAY... * WHAT...Very cold wind chills expected. The cold wind chills will cause frostbite in as little as 30 minutes to exposed skin. Expect wind chills to range from 20 below zero to 39 below zero. * WHERE...South Beltrami, South Clearwater, Hubbard, East Becker and Wadena Counties. * WHEN...Until noon CST Monday. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Wind Chill Advisory means that cold air and the wind will combine to create low wind chills. Frost bite and hypothermia can occur if precautions are not taken. Make sure you wear a hat and gloves. $$ MNZ006-009-016-151800- /O.CON.KFGF.WC.Y.0009.180115T0000Z-180115T1800Z/ Lake Of The Woods-North Beltrami-North Clearwater- Including the cities of Baudette, Red Lake, Redby, Ponemah, Bagley, and Clearbrook 309 PM CST Sun Jan 14 2018 ...WIND CHILL ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL NOON CST MONDAY... * WHAT...Very cold wind chills expected. The cold wind chills will cause frostbite in as little as 30 minutes to exposed skin. Expect wind chills to range from 25 below zero to 39 below zero. * WHERE...Lake Of The Woods, North Beltrami and North Clearwater Counties. * WHEN...Until noon CST Monday. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Wind Chill Advisory means that cold air and the wind will combine to create low wind chills. Frost bite and hypothermia can occur if precautions are not taken. Make sure you wear a hat and gloves. $$ Gust
2 follow-up statements
577 WWUS43 KFGF 150004 WSWFGF URGENT - WINTER WEATHER MESSAGE National Weather Service Grand Forks ND 604 PM CST Sun Jan 14 2018 MNZ001>004-007-NDZ008-016-027-029-030-039-151800- /O.EXP.KFGF.WW.Y.0003.000000T0000Z-180115T0000Z/ /O.CON.KFGF.WC.W.0002.000000T0000Z-180115T1800Z/ West Polk-Norman-Clay-Kittson-West Marshall-Pembina- Eastern Walsh County-Grand Forks-Steele-Traill-Cass- Including the cities of Crookston, East Grand Forks, Ada, Twin Valley, Halstad, Moorhead, Hallock, Karlstad, Lancaster, Warren, Stephen, Argyle, Cavalier, Walhalla, Drayton, Pembina, Neche, St. Thomas, Grafton, Park River, Grand Forks, Finley, Hope, Mayville, Hillsboro, Hatton, Portland, and Fargo 604 PM CST Sun Jan 14 2018 ...WIND CHILL WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL NOON CST MONDAY... ...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY HAS EXPIRED... * WHAT...Dangerously cold wind chills expected. The dangerously cold wind chills will cause frostbite in as little as 10 minutes to exposed skin. Expect wind chills to drop into the 30 below to 45 below zero range. * WHERE...Portions of northwest and west central Minnesota and northeast and southeast North Dakota. * WHEN...Until noon CST Monday. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Wind Chill Warning means the combination of very cold air and the wind will create dangerously low wind chill values. Frost bite can occur quickly and even hypothermia or death if precautions are not taken. $$ MNZ005-008-013>015-022-027-029>031-040-NDZ006-007-014-015-024-026- 028-038-049-052>054-151800- /O.CON.KFGF.WC.W.0002.000000T0000Z-180115T1800Z/ Roseau-East Marshall-Pennington-Red Lake-East Polk-Mahnomen- West Becker-Wilkin-West Otter Tail-East Otter Tail-Grant-Towner- Cavalier-Benson-Ramsey-Eddy-Nelson-Griggs-Barnes-Ransom-Sargent- Richland-Western Walsh County- Including the cities of Roseau, Warroad, Greenbush, Newfolden, Middle River, Grygla, Thief River Falls, Red Lake Falls, Fosston, Fertile, McIntosh, Erskine, Mahnomen, Naytahwaush, Waubun, Detroit Lakes, Breckenridge, Fergus Falls, Perham, New York Mills, Parkers Prairie, Henning, Battle Lake, Elbow Lake, Hoffman, Ashby, Herman, Barrett, Cando, Langdon, Fort Totten, Maddock, Leeds, Minnewaukan, Devils Lake, New Rockford, Lakota, Mcville, Aneta, Tolna, Cooperstown, Valley City, Lisbon, Enderlin, Gwinner, Milnor, Forman, Rutland, Wahpeton, Edinburg, Adams, and Lankin 604 PM CST Sun Jan 14 2018 ...WIND CHILL WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL NOON CST MONDAY... * WHAT...Dangerously cold wind chills expected. The dangerously cold wind chills will cause frostbite in as little as 10 minutes to exposed skin. Expect wind chills to lower into the 30 below to 45 below zero range. * WHERE...Portions of northwest and west central Minnesota and northeast and southeast North Dakota. * WHEN...Until noon CST Monday. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Wind Chill Warning means the combination of very cold air and the wind will create dangerously low wind chill values. Frost bite can occur quickly and even hypothermia or death if precautions are not taken. $$ MNZ006-009-016-017-023-024-028-032-151800- /O.CON.KFGF.WC.Y.0009.000000T0000Z-180115T1800Z/ Lake Of The Woods-North Beltrami-North Clearwater-South Beltrami- South Clearwater-Hubbard-East Becker-Wadena- Including the cities of Baudette, Red Lake, Redby, Ponemah, Bagley, Clearbrook, Bemidji, Alida, Ebro, Lake Itasca, Long Lost Lake, Lower Rice Lake, Roy Lake, Upper Rice Lake, Park Rapids, Wolf Lake, Wadena, and Menahga 604 PM CST Sun Jan 14 2018 ...WIND CHILL ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL NOON CST MONDAY... * WHAT...Very cold wind chills expected. The cold wind chills will cause frostbite in as little as 30 minutes to exposed skin. Expect wind chills to lower into the 25 below to 40 below zero range. * WHERE...Portions of central, north central and northwest Minnesota. * WHEN...Until noon CST Monday. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Wind Chill Advisory means that cold air and the wind will combine to create low wind chills. Frost bite and hypothermia can occur if precautions are not taken. Make sure you wear a hat and gloves. $$
624 WWUS43 KFGF 150054 WSWFGF URGENT - WINTER WEATHER MESSAGE National Weather Service Grand Forks ND 654 PM CST Sun Jan 14 2018 MNZ001>004-007-013>015-NDZ008-016-027-029-030-039-151800- /O.CAN.KFGF.WC.W.0002.000000T0000Z-180115T1800Z/ /O.NEW.KFGF.WC.W.0003.180115T0600Z-180115T1800Z/ /O.NEW.KFGF.WW.Y.0004.180115T0054Z-180115T0600Z/ West Polk-Norman-Clay-Kittson-West Marshall-Pennington-Red Lake- East Polk-Pembina-Eastern Walsh County-Grand Forks-Steele-Traill- Cass- Including the cities of Crookston, East Grand Forks, Ada, Twin Valley, Halstad, Moorhead, Hallock, Karlstad, Lancaster, Warren, Stephen, Argyle, Thief River Falls, Red Lake Falls, Fosston, Fertile, McIntosh, Erskine, Cavalier, Walhalla, Drayton, Pembina, Neche, St. Thomas, Grafton, Park River, Grand Forks, Finley, Hope, Mayville, Hillsboro, Hatton, Portland, and Fargo 654 PM CST Sun Jan 14 2018 ...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY IN EFFECT UNTIL MIDNIGHT CST TONIGHT... ...WIND CHILL WARNING IN EFFECT FROM MIDNIGHT TONIGHT TO NOON CST MONDAY... * WHAT...Dangerously cold wind chills expected. Blowing snow expected. Some slick roads and reductions in visibility are expected. Expect wind chills to range from 30 below zero to 45 below zero. Winds gusting as high as 35 mph will cause patchy blowing and drifting snow. * WHERE...Portions of northwest and west central Minnesota and northeast and southeast North Dakota. * WHEN...For the Wind Chill Warning, from midnight tonight to noon CST Monday. For the Winter Weather Advisory, until midnight CST tonight. * ADDITIONAL DETAILS...The dangerously cold wind chills will cause frostbite in as little as 10 minutes to exposed skin. Winds gusting as high as 35 mph will cause patchy blowing and drifting snow. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Wind Chill Warning means the combination of very cold air and the wind will create dangerously low wind chill values. Frost bite can occur quickly and even hypothermia or death if precautions are not taken. A Winter Weather Advisory for blowing snow means periods of blowing snow will cause primarily travel difficulties. Be prepared for snow covered roads and limited visibilities, and use caution while driving. The latest road conditions for the state you are calling from can be obtained by calling 5 1 1. $$ MNZ005-008-022-027-029>031-040-NDZ006-007-014-015-024-026-028-038- 049-052>054-151800- /O.CAN.KFGF.WC.W.0002.000000T0000Z-180115T1800Z/ /O.NEW.KFGF.WC.W.0003.180115T0600Z-180115T1800Z/ Roseau-East Marshall-Mahnomen-West Becker-Wilkin-West Otter Tail- East Otter Tail-Grant-Towner-Cavalier-Benson-Ramsey-Eddy-Nelson- Griggs-Barnes-Ransom-Sargent-Richland-Western Walsh County- Including the cities of Roseau, Warroad, Greenbush, Newfolden, Middle River, Grygla, Mahnomen, Naytahwaush, Waubun, Detroit Lakes, Breckenridge, Fergus Falls, Perham, New York Mills, Parkers Prairie, Henning, Battle Lake, Elbow Lake, Hoffman, Ashby, Herman, Barrett, Cando, Langdon, Fort Totten, Maddock, Leeds, Minnewaukan, Devils Lake, New Rockford, Lakota, Mcville, Aneta, Tolna, Cooperstown, Valley City, Lisbon, Enderlin, Gwinner, Milnor, Forman, Rutland, Wahpeton, Edinburg, Adams, and Lankin 654 PM CST Sun Jan 14 2018 ...WIND CHILL WARNING IN EFFECT FROM MIDNIGHT TONIGHT TO NOON CST MONDAY... * WHAT...Dangerously cold wind chills expected. The dangerously cold wind chills will cause frostbite in as little as 10 minutes to exposed skin. Expect wind chills to range from 30 below zero to 45 below zero. * WHERE...Portions of northwest and west central Minnesota and northeast and southeast North Dakota. * WHEN...From midnight tonight to noon CST Monday. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Wind Chill Warning means the combination of very cold air and the wind will create dangerously low wind chill values. Frost bite can occur quickly and even hypothermia or death if precautions are not taken. $$ MNZ006-009-016-017-023-024-028-032-151800- /O.CAN.KFGF.WC.Y.0009.000000T0000Z-180115T1800Z/ /O.NEW.KFGF.WC.Y.0010.180115T0600Z-180115T1800Z/ Lake Of The Woods-North Beltrami-North Clearwater-South Beltrami- South Clearwater-Hubbard-East Becker-Wadena- Including the cities of Baudette, Red Lake, Redby, Ponemah, Bagley, Clearbrook, Bemidji, Alida, Ebro, Lake Itasca, Long Lost Lake, Lower Rice Lake, Roy Lake, Upper Rice Lake, Park Rapids, Wolf Lake, Wadena, and Menahga 654 PM CST Sun Jan 14 2018 ...WIND CHILL ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM MIDNIGHT TONIGHT TO NOON CST MONDAY... * WHAT...Very cold wind chills expected. The cold wind chills will cause frostbite in as little as 30 minutes to exposed skin. Expect wind chills to range from 25 below zero to 35 below zero. * WHERE...Portions of central, north central and northwest Minnesota. * WHEN...From midnight tonight to noon CST Monday. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Wind Chill Advisory means that cold air and the wind will combine to create low wind chills. Frost bite and hypothermia can occur if precautions are not taken. Make sure you wear a hat and gloves. $$
The office that day
Everything else NWS Grand Forks, ND issued on the same UTC day.
| Issued | Product | Office | Counties | Lasted |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan 14, 4:08 AM CST | Wind Chill Advisory | FGF | Becker, Beltrami, Clay, Clearwater, Grant, Hubbard and 12 more | 15 hr |
| Jan 14, 4:08 AM CST | Winter Weather Advisory | FGF | Clay, Kittson, Marshall, Norman, Polk | 14 hr |
Nearby
Wind Chill Warnings in North Dakota, 2018Wind Chill Warnings in Minnesota, 2018Every wind chill warning in 2018
Sources
The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; local storm reports from the same archive; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.