Alert archive / Kansas / High Wind Warnings in 2018

High Wind Warning 5, NWS Dodge City, KS

March 4, 20189 counties in Kansas

NWS Dodge City, KS issued this high wind warning at Mar 4, 2018, 1:41 PM CST for 9 counties in Kansas. It took effect at Mar 5, 2018, 6:00 AM CST. It was in force for 12 hr. 1 report came from inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The counties it named, with what was reported inside it.

The facts

Issued
Mar 4, 2018, 1:41 PM CST (19:41 UTC)
In effect from
Mar 5, 2018, 6:00 AM CST
Expired
Mar 5, 2018, 6:00 PM CST
In force
12 hr
Issued by
NWS Dodge City, KS

Counties Ellis County, KS, Finney County, KS, Hamilton County, KS, Kearny County, KS, Lane County, KS, Ness County, KS, Rush County, KS, Scott County, KS, Trego County, KS

The radar

The Dodge City radar (KDDC), 83 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 19:39 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What was reported inside it

TimeReportWhereRemark
Mar 5, 11:40 AM CSTNON-TSTM WND GST 584 Nw Pierceville, KSTHIS WAS MEASURED AT THE GARDEN CITY REGIONAL AIRPORT.

Local storm reports filed while the alert was in force, from inside its polygon or its counties.

The nearest sounding before it

Dodge City, (KDDC), launched 12:00Z, 7.7 hours before the alert went out and 85 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Dodge City, at 12:00Z on 2018-03-04Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 0 joules per kilogram.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Dodge City, at 12:00Z on 2018-03-04The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 242 square meters per square second.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
No buoyant parcel
Mixed-layer LCL
1520 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
26 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
242 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
236 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted.

321 
WWUS73 KDDC 041941
NPWDDC

URGENT - WEATHER MESSAGE
National Weather Service Dodge City KS
141 PM CST Sun Mar 4 2018

KSZ030-031-043>046-050345-
/O.UPG.KDDC.HW.A.0001.180305T1200Z-180306T0000Z/
/O.NEW.KDDC.HW.W.0005.180305T1200Z-180306T0000Z/
Trego-Ellis-Scott-Lane-Ness-Rush-
Including the cities of Wakeeney, Pheifer, Hays, Scott City, 
Scott State Lake, Dighton, Ness City, and La Crosse
141 PM CST Sun Mar 4 2018

...HIGH WIND WARNING IN EFFECT FROM 6 AM TO 6 PM CST MONDAY...

The National Weather Service in Dodge City has issued a High Wind
Warning, which is in effect from 6 AM to 6 PM CST Monday. The
High Wind Watch is no longer in effect. 

* TIMING...6 am through 6 pm Monday.

* WINDS...35 to 45 mph with gusts as high as 60 mph.

* IMPACTS...Winds this strong can create travel hazards and 
  cause light structural damage. 

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A High Wind Warning means a hazardous high wind event is expected
or occurring. Sustained wind speeds of at least 40 mph or gusts
of 58 mph or more can lead to property damage.

&&

$$

KSZ061>063-050345-
/O.NEW.KDDC.HW.W.0005.180305T1200Z-180306T0000Z/
Hamilton-Kearny-Finney-
Including the cities of Syracuse, Lakin, Deerfield, 
and Garden City
141 PM CST Sun Mar 4 2018 /1241 PM MST Sun Mar 4 2018/

...HIGH WIND WARNING IN EFFECT FROM 6 AM CST /5 AM MST/ TO 6 PM
CST /5 PM MST/ MONDAY...

The National Weather Service in Dodge City has issued a High Wind
Warning, which is in effect from 6 AM CST /5 AM MST/ to 6 PM CST
/5 PM MST/ Monday. 

* TIMING...6 am through 6 pm Monday.

* WINDS...35 to 45 mph with gusts as high as 60 mph.

* IMPACTS...Winds this strong can create travel hazards and 
  cause light structural damage. 

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A High Wind Warning means a hazardous high wind event is expected
or occurring. Sustained wind speeds of at least 40 mph or gusts
of 58 mph or more can lead to property damage.

&&

$$
5 follow-up statements
863 
WWUS73 KDDC 042109
NPWDDC

URGENT - WEATHER MESSAGE
National Weather Service Dodge City KS
309 PM CST Sun Mar 4 2018

KSZ030-031-043>046-050515-
/O.NEW.KDDC.HW.A.0002.180306T1500Z-180307T0000Z/
/O.CON.KDDC.HW.W.0005.180305T1200Z-180306T0000Z/
Trego-Ellis-Scott-Lane-Ness-Rush-
Including the cities of Wakeeney, Pheifer, Hays, Scott City, 
Scott State Lake, Dighton, Ness City, and La Crosse
309 PM CST Sun Mar 4 2018

...HIGH WIND WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM 6 AM TO 6 PM CST
MONDAY...
...HIGH WIND WATCH IN EFFECT FROM TUESDAY MORNING THROUGH TUESDAY
AFTERNOON...

The National Weather Service in Dodge City has issued a High Wind
Watch, which is in effect from Tuesday morning through Tuesday
afternoon. 

* TIMING...6 am through 6 pm Monday.

* WINDS...35 to 45 mph with gusts as high as 60 mph.

* IMPACTS...Winds this strong can create travel hazards and 
  cause light structural damage. 

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A High Wind Warning means a hazardous high wind event is expected
or occurring. Sustained wind speeds of at least 40 mph or gusts
of 58 mph or more can lead to property damage.

A High Wind Watch means there is the potential for a hazardous
high wind event. Sustained winds of at least 40 mph...or gusts of
58 mph or stronger may occur. Continue to monitor the latest
forecasts.

&&

$$

KSZ061>063-050515-
/O.CON.KDDC.HW.W.0005.180305T1200Z-180306T0000Z/
Hamilton-Kearny-Finney-
Including the cities of Syracuse, Lakin, Deerfield, 
and Garden City
309 PM CST Sun Mar 4 2018 /209 PM MST Sun Mar 4 2018/

...HIGH WIND WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM 6 AM CST /5 AM MST/
TO 6 PM CST /5 PM MST/ MONDAY...

* TIMING...6 am through 6 pm Monday.

* WINDS...35 to 45 mph with gusts as high as 60 mph.

* IMPACTS...Winds this strong can create travel hazards and 
  cause light structural damage. 

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A High Wind Warning means a hazardous high wind event is expected
or occurring. Sustained wind speeds of at least 40 mph or gusts
of 58 mph or more can lead to property damage.

&&

$$
551 
WWUS73 KDDC 050118
NPWDDC

URGENT - WEATHER MESSAGE
National Weather Service Dodge City KS
718 PM CST Sun Mar 4 2018

KSZ030-031-043>046-051100-
/O.CON.KDDC.HW.W.0005.180305T1200Z-180306T0000Z/
/O.CON.KDDC.HW.A.0002.180306T1500Z-180307T0000Z/
Trego-Ellis-Scott-Lane-Ness-Rush-
Including the cities of Wakeeney, Pheifer, Hays, Scott City, 
Scott State Lake, Dighton, Ness City, and La Crosse
718 PM CST Sun Mar 4 2018

...HIGH WIND WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM 6 AM TO 6 PM CST
MONDAY...
...HIGH WIND WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM TUESDAY MORNING THROUGH
TUESDAY AFTERNOON...

* TIMING...6 am through 6 pm Monday.

* WINDS...35 to 45 mph with gusts as high as 60 mph.

* IMPACTS...Winds this strong can create travel hazards and 
  cause light structural damage. 

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A High Wind Warning means a hazardous high wind event is expected
or occurring. Sustained wind speeds of at least 40 mph or gusts
of 58 mph or more can lead to property damage.

A High Wind Watch means there is the potential for a hazardous
high wind event. Sustained winds of at least 40 mph...or gusts of
58 mph or stronger may occur. Continue to monitor the latest
forecasts.

&&

$$

KSZ061>063-051100-
/O.CON.KDDC.HW.W.0005.180305T1200Z-180306T0000Z/
Hamilton-Kearny-Finney-
Including the cities of Syracuse, Lakin, Deerfield, 
and Garden City
718 PM CST Sun Mar 4 2018 /618 PM MST Sun Mar 4 2018/

...HIGH WIND WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM 6 AM CST /5 AM MST/
TO 6 PM CST /5 PM MST/ MONDAY...

* TIMING...6 am through 6 pm Monday.

* WINDS...35 to 45 mph with gusts as high as 60 mph.

* IMPACTS...Winds this strong can create travel hazards and 
  cause light structural damage. 

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A High Wind Warning means a hazardous high wind event is expected
or occurring. Sustained wind speeds of at least 40 mph or gusts
of 58 mph or more can lead to property damage.

&&

$$
756 
WWUS73 KDDC 051042
NPWDDC

URGENT - WEATHER MESSAGE
National Weather Service Dodge City KS
442 AM CST Mon Mar 5 2018

KSZ030-031-043>046-052100-
/O.CON.KDDC.HW.W.0005.180305T1200Z-180306T0000Z/
/O.CON.KDDC.HW.A.0002.180306T1500Z-180307T0000Z/
Trego-Ellis-Scott-Lane-Ness-Rush-
Including the cities of Wakeeney, Pheifer, Hays, Scott City, 
Scott State Lake, Dighton, Ness City, and La Crosse
442 AM CST Mon Mar 5 2018

...HIGH WIND WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 PM CST THIS
EVENING...
...HIGH WIND WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM TUESDAY MORNING THROUGH
TUESDAY AFTERNOON...

* TIMING...6 am through 6 pm Monday.

* WINDS...Northwest at 35 to 45 mph with gusts as high as 60 mph.

* IMPACTS...Winds this strong can create travel hazards and 
  cause light structural damage. 

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A High Wind Warning means a hazardous high wind event is expected
or occurring. Sustained wind speeds of at least 40 mph or gusts
of 58 mph or more can lead to property damage.

A High Wind Watch means there is the potential for a hazardous
high wind event. Sustained winds of at least 40 mph...or gusts of
58 mph or stronger may occur. Continue to monitor the latest
forecasts.

&&

$$

KSZ063-052100-
/O.EXA.KDDC.HW.A.0002.180306T1500Z-180307T0000Z/
/O.CON.KDDC.HW.W.0005.180305T1200Z-180306T0000Z/
Finney-
Including the city of Garden City
442 AM CST Mon Mar 5 2018

...HIGH WIND WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 PM CST THIS
EVENING...
...HIGH WIND WATCH IN EFFECT FROM TUESDAY MORNING THROUGH TUESDAY
AFTERNOON...

The National Weather Service in Dodge City has issued a High Wind
Watch, which is in effect from Tuesday morning through Tuesday
afternoon. 

* TIMING...6 am through 6 pm Monday.

* WINDS...Northwest at 35 to 45 mph with gusts as high as 60 mph.

* IMPACTS...Winds this strong can create travel hazards and 
  cause light structural damage. 

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A High Wind Warning means a hazardous high wind event is expected
or occurring. Sustained wind speeds of at least 40 mph or gusts
of 58 mph or more can lead to property damage.

A High Wind Watch means there is the potential for a hazardous
high wind event. Sustained winds of at least 40 mph...or gusts of
58 mph or stronger may occur. Continue to monitor the latest
forecasts.

&&

$$

KSZ061-062-052100-
/O.CON.KDDC.HW.W.0005.180305T1200Z-180306T0000Z/
Hamilton-Kearny-
Including the cities of Syracuse, Lakin, and Deerfield
442 AM CST Mon Mar 5 2018 /342 AM MST Mon Mar 5 2018/

...HIGH WIND WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 PM CST /5 PM MST/
THIS EVENING...

* TIMING...6 am through 6 pm Monday.

* WINDS...35 to 45 mph with gusts as high as 60 mph.

* IMPACTS...Winds this strong can create travel hazards and 
  cause light structural damage. 

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A High Wind Warning means a hazardous high wind event is expected
or occurring. Sustained wind speeds of at least 40 mph or gusts
of 58 mph or more can lead to property damage.

&&

$$

KSZ064>066-076>081-087>090-052100-
/O.EXA.KDDC.HW.A.0002.180306T1500Z-180307T0000Z/
Hodgeman-Pawnee-Stafford-Haskell-Gray-Ford-Edwards-Kiowa-Pratt-
Meade-Clark-Comanche-Barber-
Including the cities of Jetmore, Hanston, Larned, St. John, 
Stafford, Macksville, Sublette, Satanta, Cimarron, Montezuma, 
Dodge City, Kinsley, Lewis, Greensburg, Haviland, Pratt, Meade, 
Plains City, Fowler, Ashland, Minneola, Coldwater, 
Lake Coldwater, Protection, Medicine Lodge, and Kiowa
442 AM CST Mon Mar 5 2018

...HIGH WIND WATCH IN EFFECT FROM TUESDAY MORNING THROUGH TUESDAY
EVENING...

The National Weather Service in Dodge City has issued a High Wind
Watch, which is in effect from Tuesday morning through Tuesday
afternoon. 

* TIMING...10 am through 6 pm Tuesday.

* WINDS...35 to 45 mph with gusts as high as 60 mph.

* IMPACTS...Winds this strong can create travel hazards and 
  cause light structural damage. 

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A High Wind Warning means a hazardous high wind event is expected
or occurring. Sustained wind speeds of at least 40 mph or gusts
of 58 mph or more can lead to property damage.

A High Wind Watch means there is the potential for a hazardous
high wind event. Sustained winds of at least 40 mph...or gusts of
58 mph or stronger may occur. Continue to monitor the latest
forecasts.

&&

$$
263 
WWUS73 KDDC 051636
NPWDDC

URGENT - WEATHER MESSAGE
National Weather Service Dodge City KS
1036 AM CST Mon Mar 5 2018

KSZ030-031-043>046-063-061200-
/O.UPG.KDDC.HW.A.0002.180306T1500Z-180307T0000Z/
/O.NEW.KDDC.HW.W.0006.180306T1500Z-180307T0000Z/
/O.CON.KDDC.HW.W.0005.000000T0000Z-180306T0000Z/
Trego-Ellis-Scott-Lane-Ness-Rush-Finney-
Including the cities of Wakeeney, Pheifer, Hays, Scott City, 
Scott State Lake, Dighton, Ness City, La Crosse, and Garden City
1036 AM CST Mon Mar 5 2018

...HIGH WIND WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 PM CST THIS
EVENING...
...HIGH WIND WARNING IN EFFECT FROM 9 AM TO 6 PM CST TUESDAY...

The National Weather Service in Dodge City has issued a High Wind
Warning, which is in effect from 9 AM to 6 PM CST Tuesday. The
High Wind Watch is no longer in effect. 

* TIMING...Through sunset this evening. Winds will subside some
  overnight. Winds will pick up rapidly after sunrise Tuesday, and
  continue through Tuesday afternoon. 

* WINDS...Northwest at 35 to 45 mph with gusts as high as 60 mph,
  both today and again Tuesday. 

* IMPACTS...Winds this strong will make travel difficult. High
  profile vehicles are most susceptible to losing control. Minor
  structural damage is possible, along with areas of blowing dust.  

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A High Wind Warning means a hazardous high wind event is expected
or occurring. Sustained wind speeds of at least 40 mph or gusts
of 58 mph or more can lead to property damage.

&&

$$

KSZ061-062-061200-
/O.NEW.KDDC.HW.W.0006.180306T1500Z-180307T0000Z/
/O.CON.KDDC.HW.W.0005.000000T0000Z-180306T0000Z/
Hamilton-Kearny-
Including the cities of Syracuse, Lakin, and Deerfield
1036 AM CST Mon Mar 5 2018 /936 AM MST Mon Mar 5 2018/

...HIGH WIND WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 PM CST /5 PM MST/
THIS EVENING...
...HIGH WIND WARNING IN EFFECT FROM 9 AM CST /8 AM MST/ TO 6 PM
CST /5 PM MST/ TUESDAY...

The National Weather Service in Dodge City has issued a High Wind
Warning, which is in effect from 9 AM CST /8 AM MST/ to 6 PM CST
/5 PM MST/ Tuesday. 

* TIMING...Through sunset this evening. Winds will subside some
  overnight. Winds will pick up rapidly after sunrise Tuesday, and
  continue through Tuesday afternoon.

* WINDS...Northwest at 35 to 45 mph with gusts as high as 60 mph,
  both today and again Tuesday. 

* IMPACTS...Winds this strong will make travel difficult. High
  profile vehicles are most susceptible to losing control. Minor
  structural damage is possible, along with areas of blowing dust. 

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A High Wind Warning means a hazardous high wind event is expected
or occurring. Sustained wind speeds of at least 40 mph or gusts
of 58 mph or more can lead to property damage.

&&

$$

KSZ064>066-076>081-087>090-061200-
/O.UPG.KDDC.HW.A.0002.180306T1500Z-180307T0000Z/
/O.NEW.KDDC.HW.W.0006.180306T1500Z-180307T0000Z/
Hodgeman-Pawnee-Stafford-Haskell-Gray-Ford-Edwards-Kiowa-Pratt-
Meade-Clark-Comanche-Barber-
Including the cities of Jetmore, Hanston, Larned, St. John, 
Stafford, Macksville, Sublette, Satanta, Cimarron, Montezuma, 
Dodge City, Kinsley, Lewis, Greensburg, Haviland, Pratt, Meade, 
Plains City, Fowler, Ashland, Minneola, Coldwater, 
Lake Coldwater, Protection, Medicine Lodge, and Kiowa
1036 AM CST Mon Mar 5 2018

...HIGH WIND WARNING IN EFFECT FROM 9 AM TO 6 PM CST TUESDAY...

The National Weather Service in Dodge City has issued a High Wind
Warning, which is in effect from 9 AM to 6 PM CST Tuesday. The
High Wind Watch is no longer in effect. 

* TIMING...Strong winds will continue through this afternoon, then
  rapidly diminish at sunset. Winds will intensify rapidly just
  after sunrise Tuesday, and continue through Tuesday afternoon. 

* WINDS...Northwest winds 25 to 35 mph today, with gusts as high
  as 55 mph. Northwest winds will average 30 to 40 mph Tuesday,
  with gusts near 60 mph. 

* IMPACTS...Winds this strong will make travel difficult. High
  profile vehicles are most susceptible to losing control. Minor
  structural damage is possible, along with areas of blowing dust.  

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A High Wind Warning means a hazardous high wind event is expected
or occurring. Sustained wind speeds of at least 40 mph or gusts
of 58 mph or more can lead to property damage.

&&

$$

TURNER
586 
WWUS73 KDDC 052356
NPWDDC

URGENT - WEATHER MESSAGE
National Weather Service Dodge City KS
556 PM CST Mon Mar 5 2018

KSZ030-031-043>046-061>063-061200-
/O.EXP.KDDC.HW.W.0005.000000T0000Z-180306T0000Z/
/O.CON.KDDC.HW.W.0006.180306T1500Z-180307T0000Z/
Trego-Ellis-Scott-Lane-Ness-Rush-Hamilton-Kearny-Finney-
Including the cities of Wakeeney, Pheifer, Hays, Scott City, 
Scott State Lake, Dighton, Ness City, La Crosse, Syracuse, Lakin,
Deerfield, and Garden City
556 PM CST Mon Mar 5 2018 /456 PM MST Mon Mar 5 2018/

...HIGH WIND WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM 9 AM CST /8 AM MST/
TO 6 PM CST /5 PM MST/ TUESDAY...
...HIGH WIND WARNING WILL EXPIRE AT 6 PM CST /5 PM MST/ THIS
EVENING...

* TIMING...Winds will pick up rapidly after sunrise Tuesday, and 
  continue through Tuesday afternoon. 

* WINDS...Northwest will average 35 to 45 mph Tuesday, with gusts
  as high as 60 mph. 

* IMPACTS...Winds this strong will make travel difficult. High 
  profile vehicles are most susceptible to losing control. Minor 
  structural damage is possible, along with areas of blowing 
  dust. 

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A High Wind Warning means a hazardous high wind event is expected
or occurring. Sustained wind speeds of at least 40 mph or gusts
of 58 mph or more can lead to property damage.

&&

$$

KSZ064>066-076>081-087>090-061200-
/O.CON.KDDC.HW.W.0006.180306T1500Z-180307T0000Z/
Hodgeman-Pawnee-Stafford-Haskell-Gray-Ford-Edwards-Kiowa-Pratt-
Meade-Clark-Comanche-Barber-
Including the cities of Jetmore, Hanston, Larned, St. John, 
Stafford, Macksville, Sublette, Satanta, Cimarron, Montezuma, 
Dodge City, Kinsley, Lewis, Greensburg, Haviland, Pratt, Meade, 
Plains City, Fowler, Ashland, Minneola, Coldwater, 
Lake Coldwater, Protection, Medicine Lodge, and Kiowa
556 PM CST Mon Mar 5 2018

...HIGH WIND WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM 9 AM TO 6 PM CST
TUESDAY...

* TIMING...Winds will intensify rapidly just after sunrise 
  Tuesday, and continue through Tuesday afternoon. 

* WINDS...Northwest winds will average 30 to 40 mph Tuesday, with
  gusts near 60 mph. 

* IMPACTS...Winds this strong will make travel difficult. High 
  profile vehicles are most susceptible to losing control. Minor 
  structural damage is possible, along with areas of blowing 
  dust. 

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A High Wind Warning means a hazardous high wind event is expected
or occurring. Sustained wind speeds of at least 40 mph or gusts
of 58 mph or more can lead to property damage.

&&

$$

The office that day

Everything else NWS Dodge City, KS issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Mar 4, 11:18 AM CSTRed Flag WarningDDCBarber, Clark, Comanche, Edwards, Ellis, Finney and 21 more34 hr
Mar 4, 3:09 PM CSTHigh Wind WatchDDCBarber, Clark, Comanche, Edwards, Ellis, Finney and 14 more19 hr

Nearby

High Wind Warnings in Kansas, 2018Every high wind warning in 2018

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; local storm reports from the same archive; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.