Alert archive / Tennessee / Wind Advisories in 2016
Wind Advisory 4, NWS Nashville, TN
NWS Nashville, TN issued this wind advisory at Apr 2, 2016, 3:19 AM CDT for 23 counties in Tennessee. It took effect at Apr 2, 2016, 1:00 PM CDT. It was in force for 7 hr.
The area
The counties it named.
The facts
- Issued
- Apr 2, 2016, 3:19 AM CDT (08:19 UTC)
- In effect from
- Apr 2, 2016, 1:00 PM CDT
- Expired
- Apr 2, 2016, 8:00 PM CDT
- In force
- 7 hr
- Issued by
- NWS Nashville, TN
All 23 counties
Cannon County, TN, Cheatham County, TN, Clay County, TN, Cumberland County, TN, Davidson County, TN, DeKalb County, TN, Fentress County, TN, Grundy County, TN, Jackson County, TN, Macon County, TN, Montgomery County, TN, Overton County, TN, Pickett County, TN, Putnam County, TN, Robertson County, TN, Rutherford County, TN, Smith County, TN, Sumner County, TN, Trousdale County, TN, Van Buren County, TN, Warren County, TN, White County, TN, Wilson County, TN
The radar
The Nashville radar (KOHX), 56 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 08:20 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.
Open the radar archive at this moment
The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.
The nearest sounding before it
Nashville Metro, TN (KBNA), launched 00:00Z, 8.3 hours before the alert went out and 59 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.
- Mixed-layer CAPE
- 0 J/kg
- Mixed-layer CIN
- No buoyant parcel
- Mixed-layer LCL
- 2679 m above ground
- 0-6 km bulk shear
- 80 kt
- 0-1 km storm-relative helicity
- 35 m²/s²
- 0-3 km storm-relative helicity
- 79 m²/s²
- Significant tornado parameter
- 0.0
- Supercell composite
- 0.0
The text
As transmitted.
594 WWUS74 KOHX 020819 NPWOHX URGENT - WEATHER MESSAGE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE NASHVILLE TN 319 AM CDT SAT APR 2 2016 ...GUSTY WINDS THIS AFTERNOON FOLLOWED BY FROST AND POSSIBLE FREEZE EARLY SUNDAY MORNING... .GUSTY WEST WINDS AROUND 15 TO 25 MPH WITH GUSTS UP TO 40 MPH WILL IMPACT MAINLY ALONG AND EAST OF I-24 THIS AFTERNOON. WINDS SHOULD BEGIN TO CALM DOWN JUST BEFORE SUNSET THIS EVENING. IN ADDITION...LOW TEMPERATURES WILL FALL INTO THE MID 30S TONIGHT AND CAUSE AREAS OF FROST TO DEVELOP ACROSS THE AREA. ADDITIONAL COOLING MAY OCCUR...AND COULD DROP LOW TEMPERATURES BELOW THE FREEZING MARK FOR MORE COLD PRONE LOCATIONS SUNDAY MORNING. TNZ026-027-062-022100- /O.NEW.KOHX.WI.Y.0004.160402T1800Z-160403T0100Z/ /O.NEW.KOHX.FR.Y.0003.160403T0600Z-160403T1300Z/ CHEATHAM-DAVIDSON-RUTHERFORD- INCLUDING THE CITIES OF...ASHLAND CITY...NASHVILLE...MURFREESBORO 319 AM CDT SAT APR 2 2016 ...WIND ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM 1 PM THIS AFTERNOON TO 8 PM CDT THIS EVENING... ...FROST ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM 1 AM TO 8 AM CDT SUNDAY... THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN NASHVILLE HAS ISSUED A WIND ADVISORY...WHICH IS IN EFFECT FROM 1 PM THIS AFTERNOON TO 8 PM CDT THIS EVENING. A FROST ADVISORY HAS ALSO BEEN ISSUED. THIS FROST ADVISORY IS IN EFFECT FROM 1 AM TO 8 AM CDT SUNDAY. * TIMING...WIND ADVISORY FROM 1 PM TO 8 PM CDT TODAY. FROST ADVISORY FROM 1 AM TO 8 AM CDT SUNDAY MORNING. * WINDS...15 TO 25 MPH WITH GUSTS AROUND 35 MPH AT TIMES THIS AFTERNOON. * TEMPERATURES...33 TO 37 DEGREES TONIGHT. * WIND ADVISORY IMPACTS...A FEW TREE LIMBS OR POWER LINES MAY BE BLOWN DOWN. DRIVING WILL BE DIFFICULT FOR HIGH PROFILE VEHICLES. * FROST ADVISORY IMPACTS...GIVEN THE RECENT WARM TEMPERATURES...FROST COULD DAMAGE SENSITIVE VEGETATION. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A WIND ADVISORY MEANS THAT WINDS OVER 35 MPH ARE EXPECTED. WINDS THIS STRONG MAY BLOW DOWN A FEW TREES OR TREE LIMBS AND CAUSE ISOLATED POWER OUTAGES. DRIVING MAY ALSO BECOME DIFFICULT... ESPECIALLY FOR HIGH PROFILE VEHICLES. USE EXTRA CAUTION. A FROST ADVISORY MEANS THAT WIDESPREAD FROST IS EXPECTED. SENSITIVE OUTDOOR PLANTS MAY BE KILLED IF LEFT UNCOVERED. && $$ TNZ006>011-028>034-063>066-078>080-022100- /O.NEW.KOHX.WI.Y.0004.160402T1800Z-160403T0100Z/ /O.NEW.KOHX.FZ.A.0002.160403T0600Z-160403T1300Z/ MONTGOMERY-ROBERTSON-SUMNER-MACON-CLAY-PICKETT-WILSON-TROUSDALE- SMITH-JACKSON-PUTNAM-OVERTON-FENTRESS-CANNON-DE KALB-WHITE- CUMBERLAND-WARREN-GRUNDY-VAN BUREN- INCLUDING THE CITIES OF...CLARKSVILLE...SPRINGFIELD...GALLATIN... LAFAYETTE...CELINA...BYRDSTOWN...LEBANON...MOUNT JULIET... HARTSVILLE...CARTHAGE...GAINESBORO...COOKEVILLE...LIVINGSTON... JAMESTOWN...WOODBURY...SMITHVILLE...SPARTA...CROSSVILLE... MCMINNVILLE...ALTAMONT...SPENCER 319 AM CDT SAT APR 2 2016 ...WIND ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM 1 PM THIS AFTERNOON TO 8 PM CDT THIS EVENING... ...FREEZE WATCH IN EFFECT FROM LATE TONIGHT THROUGH SUNDAY MORNING... THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN NASHVILLE HAS ISSUED A WIND ADVISORY...WHICH IS IN EFFECT FROM 1 PM THIS AFTERNOON TO 8 PM CDT THIS EVENING. A FREEZE WATCH HAS ALSO BEEN ISSUED. THIS FREEZE WATCH IS IN EFFECT FROM LATE TONIGHT THROUGH SUNDAY MORNING. * TIMING...WIND ADVISORY FROM 1 PM TO 8 PM CDT TODAY. FREEZE WATCH FROM 1 AM TO 8 AM CDT SUNDAY MORNING. * WINDS...15 TO 25 MPH WITH GUSTS UP TO 40 MPH AT TIMES THIS AFTERNOON. * TEMPERATURES...28 TO 34 DEGREES TONIGHT. * WIND ADVISORY IMPACTS...A FEW TREE LIMBS OR POWER LINES MAY BE BLOWN DOWN. DRIVING WILL BE DIFFICULT FOR HIGH PROFILE VEHICLES. * FREEZE WATCH IMPACTS...GIVEN THE RECENT WARM TEMPERATURES...FREEZING TEMPERATURES COULD DAMAGE OR KILL SENSITIVE VEGETATION. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A WIND ADVISORY MEANS THAT WINDS OVER 35 MPH ARE EXPECTED. WINDS THIS STRONG MAY BLOW DOWN A FEW TREES OR TREE LIMBS AND CAUSE ISOLATED POWER OUTAGES. DRIVING MAY ALSO BECOME DIFFICULT... ESPECIALLY FOR HIGH PROFILE VEHICLES. USE EXTRA CAUTION. A FREEZE WATCH MEANS SUB-FREEZING TEMPERATURES ARE POSSIBLE. THESE CONDITIONS COULD KILL CROPS AND OTHER SENSITIVE VEGETATION. && $$ TNZ005-023>025-056>061-075-077-093>095-022100- /O.NEW.KOHX.FR.Y.0003.160403T0600Z-160403T1300Z/ STEWART-HOUSTON-HUMPHREYS-DICKSON-PERRY-HICKMAN-LEWIS-WILLIAMSON- MAURY-MARSHALL-BEDFORD-COFFEE-WAYNE-LAWRENCE-GILES- INCLUDING THE CITIES OF...DOVER...ERIN...WAVERLY...DICKSON... LOBELVILLE...CENTERVILLE...HOHENWALD...FRANKLIN...BRENTWOOD... COLUMBIA...LEWISBURG...SHELBYVILLE...TULLAHOMA...MANCHESTER... WAYNESBORO...LAWRENCEBURG...PULASKI 319 AM CDT SAT APR 2 2016 ...FROST ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM 1 AM TO 8 AM CDT SUNDAY... THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN NASHVILLE HAS ISSUED A FROST ADVISORY...WHICH IS IN EFFECT FROM 1 AM TO 8 AM CDT SUNDAY. * TEMPERATURES...33 TO 38 DEGREES. * IMPACTS...GIVEN THE RECENT WARM TEMPERATURES...FROST COULD DAMAGE SENSITIVE VEGETATION. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A FROST ADVISORY MEANS THAT WIDESPREAD FROST IS EXPECTED. SENSITIVE OUTDOOR PLANTS MAY BE KILLED IF LEFT UNCOVERED. && $$
2 follow-up statements
636 WWUS74 KOHX 022005 NPWOHX URGENT - WEATHER MESSAGE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE NASHVILLE TN 305 PM CDT SAT APR 2 2016 ...GUSTY WINDS LATE THIS AFTERNOON AND EARLY EVENING FOLLOWED BY PATCHY FROST AND FREEZING TEMPERATURES EARLY SUNDAY MORNING... .GUSTY WEST WINDS AROUND 15 TO 25 MPH WITH GUSTS UP TO 40 MPH WILL IMPACT MUCH OF THE AREA THROUGH THIS EVENING. IN ADDITION...FROST AND FREEZES ARE EXPECTED AS LOW TEMPERATURES FALL INTO THE UPPER 20S TO MID 30S TONIGHT. TNZ026-027-062-030415- /O.UPG.KOHX.FR.Y.0003.160403T0600Z-160403T1300Z/ /O.NEW.KOHX.FZ.W.0003.160403T0600Z-160403T1300Z/ /O.CON.KOHX.WI.Y.0004.000000T0000Z-160403T0100Z/ CHEATHAM-DAVIDSON-RUTHERFORD- INCLUDING THE CITIES OF...ASHLAND CITY...NASHVILLE...MURFREESBORO 305 PM CDT SAT APR 2 2016 ...WIND ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 8 PM CDT THIS EVENING... ...FREEZE WARNING IN EFFECT FROM 1 AM TO 8 AM CDT SUNDAY... THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN NASHVILLE HAS ISSUED A FREEZE WARNING...WHICH IS IN EFFECT FROM 1 AM TO 8 AM CDT SUNDAY. THE FROST ADVISORY IS NO LONGER IN EFFECT. * TIMING...WIND ADVISORY UNTIL 8 PM CDT TODAY. FREEZE WARNING FROM 1 AM TO 8 AM CDT SUNDAY MORNING. * WINDS...15 TO 25 MPH WITH GUSTS AROUND 35 MPH AT TIMES THIS AFTERNOON. * WIND ADVISORY IMPACTS...A FEW TREE LIMBS OR POWER LINES MAY BE BLOWN DOWN. DRIVING WILL BE DIFFICULT FOR HIGH PROFILE VEHICLES. * TEMPERATURES...30 TO 35 DEGREES TONIGHT. * FREEZE WARNING IMPACTS...DAMAGE TO SENSITIVE VEGETATION. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A FREEZE WARNING MEANS SUB-FREEZING TEMPERATURES ARE IMMINENT OR HIGHLY LIKELY. THESE CONDITIONS WILL KILL CROPS AND OTHER SENSITIVE VEGETATION. A WIND ADVISORY MEANS THAT WINDS OVER 35 MPH ARE EXPECTED. WINDS THIS STRONG MAY BLOW DOWN A FEW TREES OR TREE LIMBS AND CAUSE ISOLATED POWER OUTAGES. DRIVING MAY ALSO BECOME DIFFICULT... ESPECIALLY FOR HIGH PROFILE VEHICLES. USE EXTRA CAUTION. && $$ TNZ006>011-028>034-063>066-078>080-030415- /O.UPG.KOHX.FZ.A.0002.160403T0600Z-160403T1300Z/ /O.NEW.KOHX.FZ.W.0003.160403T0600Z-160403T1300Z/ /O.CON.KOHX.WI.Y.0004.000000T0000Z-160403T0100Z/ MONTGOMERY-ROBERTSON-SUMNER-MACON-CLAY-PICKETT-WILSON-TROUSDALE- SMITH-JACKSON-PUTNAM-OVERTON-FENTRESS-CANNON-DE KALB-WHITE- CUMBERLAND-WARREN-GRUNDY-VAN BUREN- INCLUDING THE CITIES OF...CLARKSVILLE...SPRINGFIELD...GALLATIN... LAFAYETTE...CELINA...BYRDSTOWN...LEBANON...MOUNT JULIET... HARTSVILLE...CARTHAGE...GAINESBORO...COOKEVILLE...LIVINGSTON... JAMESTOWN...WOODBURY...SMITHVILLE...SPARTA...CROSSVILLE... MCMINNVILLE...ALTAMONT...SPENCER 305 PM CDT SAT APR 2 2016 ...WIND ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 8 PM CDT THIS EVENING... ...FREEZE WARNING IN EFFECT FROM 1 AM TO 8 AM CDT SUNDAY... THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN NASHVILLE HAS ISSUED A FREEZE WARNING...WHICH IS IN EFFECT FROM 1 AM TO 8 AM CDT SUNDAY. THE FREEZE WATCH IS NO LONGER IN EFFECT. * TIMING...WIND ADVISORY UNTIL 8 PM CDT TODAY. FREEZE WARNING FROM 1 AM TO 8 AM CDT SUNDAY MORNING. * WINDS...15 TO 25 MPH WITH GUSTS UP TO 40 MPH AT TIMES THIS AFTERNOON. * WIND ADVISORY IMPACTS...A FEW TREE LIMBS OR POWER LINES MAY BE BLOWN DOWN. DRIVING WILL BE DIFFICULT FOR HIGH PROFILE VEHICLES. * TEMPERATURE...27-33 DEGREES TONIGHT. * FREEZE WARNING IMPACTS...FREEZING TEMPERATURES COULD DAMAGE OR KILL SENSITIVE VEGETATION. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A FREEZE WARNING MEANS SUB-FREEZING TEMPERATURES ARE IMMINENT OR HIGHLY LIKELY. THESE CONDITIONS WILL KILL CROPS AND OTHER SENSITIVE VEGETATION. A WIND ADVISORY MEANS THAT WINDS OVER 35 MPH ARE EXPECTED. WINDS THIS STRONG MAY BLOW DOWN A FEW TREES OR TREE LIMBS AND CAUSE ISOLATED POWER OUTAGES. DRIVING MAY ALSO BECOME DIFFICULT... ESPECIALLY FOR HIGH PROFILE VEHICLES. USE EXTRA CAUTION. && $$ TNZ059-075-077-030415- /O.UPG.KOHX.FR.Y.0003.160403T0600Z-160403T1300Z/ /O.NEW.KOHX.FZ.W.0003.160403T0600Z-160403T1300Z/ WILLIAMSON-BEDFORD-COFFEE- INCLUDING THE CITIES OF...FRANKLIN...BRENTWOOD...SHELBYVILLE... TULLAHOMA...MANCHESTER 305 PM CDT SAT APR 2 2016 ...FREEZE WARNING IN EFFECT FROM 1 AM TO 8 AM CDT SUNDAY... THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN NASHVILLE HAS ISSUED A FREEZE WARNING...WHICH IS IN EFFECT FROM 1 AM TO 8 AM CDT SUNDAY. THE FROST ADVISORY IS NO LONGER IN EFFECT. * TIMING...1 AM TO 8 AM CDT SUNDAY MORNING. * TEMPERATURE...29-34 DEGREES. * FREEZE WARNING IMPACTS...FREEZING TEMPERATURES COULD DAMAGE OR KILL SENSITIVE VEGETATION. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A FREEZE WARNING MEANS SUB-FREEZING TEMPERATURES ARE IMMINENT OR HIGHLY LIKELY. THESE CONDITIONS WILL KILL CROPS AND OTHER SENSITIVE VEGETATION. && $$ TNZ005-023>025-056>058-060-061-093>095-030415- /O.CON.KOHX.FR.Y.0003.160403T0600Z-160403T1300Z/ STEWART-HOUSTON-HUMPHREYS-DICKSON-PERRY-HICKMAN-LEWIS-MAURY- MARSHALL-WAYNE-LAWRENCE-GILES- INCLUDING THE CITIES OF...DOVER...ERIN...WAVERLY...DICKSON... LOBELVILLE...CENTERVILLE...HOHENWALD...COLUMBIA...LEWISBURG... WAYNESBORO...LAWRENCEBURG...PULASKI 305 PM CDT SAT APR 2 2016 ...FROST ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM 1 AM TO 8 AM CDT SUNDAY... * TIMING...1 AM TO 8 AM CDT SUNDAY MORNING. * TEMPERATURES...33 TO 38 DEGREES. * IMPACTS...GIVEN THE RECENT WARM TEMPERATURES...FROST COULD DAMAGE SENSITIVE VEGETATION. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A FROST ADVISORY MEANS THAT WIDESPREAD FROST IS EXPECTED. SENSITIVE OUTDOOR PLANTS MAY BE KILLED IF LEFT UNCOVERED. && $$
190 WWUS74 KOHX 030059 NPWOHX URGENT - WEATHER MESSAGE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE NASHVILLE TN 759 PM CDT SAT APR 2 2016 ...AREAS OF FROST AND FREEZING TEMPERATURES WILL IMPACT MIDDLE TENNESSEE EARLY SUNDAY MORNING... .FROST AND FREEZES ARE EXPECTED AS LOW TEMPERATURES FALL INTO THE UPPER 20S TO MID 30S TONIGHT. TNZ006>011-026>034-062>066-078>080-030900- /O.EXP.KOHX.WI.Y.0004.000000T0000Z-160403T0100Z/ /O.CON.KOHX.FZ.W.0003.160403T0600Z-160403T1300Z/ MONTGOMERY-ROBERTSON-SUMNER-MACON-CLAY-PICKETT-CHEATHAM-DAVIDSON- WILSON-TROUSDALE-SMITH-JACKSON-PUTNAM-OVERTON-FENTRESS-RUTHERFORD- CANNON-DE KALB-WHITE-CUMBERLAND-WARREN-GRUNDY-VAN BUREN- INCLUDING THE CITIES OF...CLARKSVILLE...SPRINGFIELD...GALLATIN... LAFAYETTE...CELINA...BYRDSTOWN...ASHLAND CITY...NASHVILLE... LEBANON...MOUNT JULIET...HARTSVILLE...CARTHAGE...GAINESBORO... COOKEVILLE...LIVINGSTON...JAMESTOWN...MURFREESBORO...WOODBURY... SMITHVILLE...SPARTA...CROSSVILLE...MCMINNVILLE...ALTAMONT... SPENCER 759 PM CDT SAT APR 2 2016 ...FREEZE WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM 1 AM TO 8 AM CDT SUNDAY... ...WIND ADVISORY WILL EXPIRE AT 8 PM CDT THIS EVENING... * TIMING...1 AM TO 8 AM CDT SUNDAY MORNING. * TEMPERATURE...27-33 DEGREES TONIGHT. * FREEZE WARNING IMPACTS...FREEZING TEMPERATURES COULD DAMAGE OR KILL SENSITIVE VEGETATION. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A FREEZE WARNING MEANS SUB-FREEZING TEMPERATURES ARE IMMINENT OR HIGHLY LIKELY. THESE CONDITIONS WILL KILL CROPS AND OTHER SENSITIVE VEGETATION. && $$ TNZ059-075-077-030900- /O.CON.KOHX.FZ.W.0003.160403T0600Z-160403T1300Z/ WILLIAMSON-BEDFORD-COFFEE- INCLUDING THE CITIES OF...FRANKLIN...BRENTWOOD...SHELBYVILLE... TULLAHOMA...MANCHESTER 759 PM CDT SAT APR 2 2016 ...FREEZE WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM 1 AM TO 8 AM CDT SUNDAY... * TIMING...1 AM TO 8 AM CDT SUNDAY MORNING. * TEMPERATURE...29-34 DEGREES. * FREEZE WARNING IMPACTS...FREEZING TEMPERATURES COULD DAMAGE OR KILL SENSITIVE VEGETATION. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A FREEZE WARNING MEANS SUB-FREEZING TEMPERATURES ARE IMMINENT OR HIGHLY LIKELY. THESE CONDITIONS WILL KILL CROPS AND OTHER SENSITIVE VEGETATION. && $$ TNZ005-023>025-056>058-060-061-093>095-030900- /O.CON.KOHX.FR.Y.0003.160403T0600Z-160403T1300Z/ STEWART-HOUSTON-HUMPHREYS-DICKSON-PERRY-HICKMAN-LEWIS-MAURY- MARSHALL-WAYNE-LAWRENCE-GILES- INCLUDING THE CITIES OF...DOVER...ERIN...WAVERLY...DICKSON... LOBELVILLE...CENTERVILLE...HOHENWALD...COLUMBIA...LEWISBURG... WAYNESBORO...LAWRENCEBURG...PULASKI 759 PM CDT SAT APR 2 2016 ...FROST ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM 1 AM TO 8 AM CDT SUNDAY... * TIMING...1 AM TO 8 AM CDT SUNDAY MORNING. * TEMPERATURES...33 TO 38 DEGREES. * IMPACTS...GIVEN THE RECENT WARM TEMPERATURES...FROST COULD DAMAGE SENSITIVE VEGETATION. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A FROST ADVISORY MEANS THAT WIDESPREAD FROST IS EXPECTED. SENSITIVE OUTDOOR PLANTS MAY BE KILLED IF LEFT UNCOVERED. && $$
The office that day
Everything else NWS Nashville, TN issued on the same UTC day.
| Issued | Product | Office | Counties | Lasted |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apr 2, 3:19 AM CDT | Frost Advisory | OHX | Bedford, Cheatham, Coffee, Davidson, Dickson, Giles and 12 more | 29 hr |
| Apr 2, 3:19 AM CDT | Freeze Watch | OHX | Cannon, Clay, Cumberland, DeKalb, Fentress, Grundy and 14 more | 12 hr |
| Apr 2, 3:05 PM CDT | Freeze Warning | OHX | Bedford, Cannon, Cheatham, Clay, Coffee, Cumberland and 20 more | 17 hr |
Nearby
Wind Advisories in Tennessee, 2016Every wind advisory in 2016
Sources
The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.