Alert archive / Pennsylvania / Winter Storm Watches in 2012
Winter Storm Watch 1, NWS Philadelphia/Mount Holly
NWS Philadelphia/Mount Holly issued this winter storm watch at Jan 19, 2012, 3:18 PM EST for 4 counties in Pennsylvania; Morris County, Sussex County, Warren County, New Jersey. It took effect at Jan 21, 2012, 1:00 AM EST. It was in force for .
The area
The counties it named.
The facts
- Issued
- Jan 19, 2012, 3:18 PM EST (20:18 UTC)
- In effect from
- Jan 21, 2012, 1:00 AM EST
- Expired
- Jan 20, 2012, 3:20 PM EST
- In force
- Issued by
- NWS Philadelphia/Mount Holly
Counties Morris County, NJ, Sussex County, NJ, Warren County, NJ, Carbon County, PA, Lehigh County, PA, Monroe County, PA, Northampton County, PA
The radar
The Philadelphia radar (KDIX), 123 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 20:20 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.
Open the radar archive at this moment
The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.
The nearest sounding before it
Phillips Aaf/Abe, MD (KAPG), launched 12:00Z, 8.3 hours before the alert went out and 176 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.
- Mixed-layer CAPE
- 0 J/kg
- Mixed-layer CIN
- No buoyant parcel
- Mixed-layer LCL
- 1412 m above ground
- 0-6 km bulk shear
- 62 kt
- 0-1 km storm-relative helicity
- 72 m²/s²
- 0-3 km storm-relative helicity
- 225 m²/s²
- Significant tornado parameter
- 0.0
- Supercell composite
- 0.0
The text
As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.
157 WWUS41 KPHI 192018 WSWPHI URGENT - WINTER WEATHER MESSAGE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MOUNT HOLLY NJ 318 PM EST THU JAN 19 2012 ...SNOW EXPECTED FRIDAY NIGHT AND SATURDAY... .LOW PRESSURE FROM THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER VALLEY IS FORECAST TO MOVE NORTHEAST TO THE MID-ATLANTIC COAST BY SATURDAY MORNING, THEN INTENSIFY AS IT MOVES OUT OVER THE OCEAN LATER SATURDAY AND SUNDAY. SNOW FROM THIS SYSTEM IS EXPECTED TO OVERSPREAD THE AREA FRIDAY NIGHT AND CONTINUE THROUGH MOST OF SATURDAY. NJZ001-PAZ054-055-201100- /O.NEW.KPHI.WS.A.0001.120121T0600Z-120122T0000Z/ SUSSEX-CARBON-MONROE- INCLUDING THE CITIES OF...NEWTON...JIM THORPE...STROUDSBURG 318 PM EST THU JAN 19 2012 ...WINTER STORM WATCH IN EFFECT FROM LATE FRIDAY NIGHT THROUGH SATURDAY EVENING... THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN MOUNT HOLLY HAS ISSUED A WINTER STORM WATCH...WHICH IS IN EFFECT FROM LATE FRIDAY NIGHT THROUGH SATURDAY EVENING. * LOCATIONS...CARBON AND MONROE COUNTIES IN EASTERN PENNSYLVANIA AND SUSSEX COUNTY IN NORTHWESTERN NEW JERSEY. * HAZARD TYPES...SNOW. * ACCUMULATIONS...4 TO 7 INCHES. * TIMING...SNOW WILL START FRIDAY NIGHT AFTER THE EVENING COMMUTE, THEN CONTINUE THROUGH MOST OF SATURDAY. * IMPACTS...TRAVEL WILL BE HAZARDOUS ESPECIALLY ON UNTREATED ROADWAYS. * WINDS...EAST 5 TO 10 MPH...BECOMING NORTH LATE ON SATURDAY. * TEMPERATURES...LOWS IN THE UPPER TEENS LATE FRIDAY NIGHT, RISING INTO THE MID TO UPPER 200S ON SATURDAY. * VISIBILITIES...LESS THAN ONE MILE AT TIMES. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A WINTER STORM WATCH MEANS THERE IS A POTENTIAL FOR SIGNIFICANT SNOW...SLEET...OR ICE ACCUMULATIONS THAT MAY IMPACT TRAVEL. CONTINUE TO MONITOR THE LATEST FORECASTS. && $$
2 follow-up statements
568 WWUS41 KPHI 200846 WSWPHI URGENT - WINTER WEATHER MESSAGE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MOUNT HOLLY NJ 346 AM EST FRI JAN 20 2012 ...SNOW AND A WINTRY MIX EXPECTED TONIGHT AND SATURDAY... .LOW PRESSURE DEVELOPING OVER THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER VALLEY TODAY IS EXPECTED TO TRACK NORTHEAST TO THE MID-ATLANTIC COAST BY SATURDAY MORNING...THEN INTENSIFY AS IT MOVES OUT OVER THE OCEAN LATER SATURDAY AND SUNDAY. PRECIPITATION ASSOCIATED WITH THE LOW WILL OVERSPREAD THE REGION TONIGHT...AND CONTINUE FOR MOST OF THE DAY SATURDAY. FOR THE LEHIGH VALLEY...SOUTHERN POCONOS AND NORTHWEST NEW JERSEY...THE PRECIPITATION IS EXPECTED TO FALL PREDOMINANTLY IN THE FORM OF SNOW. SEVERAL INCHES OF SNOW ACCUMULATION IS POSSIBLE BY THE TIME THE SNOW ENDS SATURDAY EVENING. FOR A PORTION OF NORTHEAST MARYLAND...NORTHERN DELAWARE...SOUTHEAST PENNSYLVANIA AND A GOOD CHUNK OF NEW JERSEY...SNOW WILL CHANGE TO SLEET AND FREEZING RAIN BEFORE IT CHANGES TO ALL RAIN SATURDAY AFTERNOON. A FEW INCHES OF SNOW...AS WELL AS A COATING OF ICE...IS EXPECTED LATE TONIGHT AND SATURDAY. NJZ009-010-012-015-PAZ060-067>069-202215- /O.NEW.KPHI.WW.Y.0003.120121T0600Z-120121T1800Z/ HUNTERDON-SOMERSET-MIDDLESEX-MERCER-BERKS-CHESTER-MONTGOMERY- BUCKS- INCLUDING THE CITIES OF...FLEMINGTON...SOMERVILLE... NEW BRUNSWICK...TRENTON...READING...WEST CHESTER...NORRISTOWN... DOYLESTOWN 346 AM EST FRI JAN 20 2012 ...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM 1 AM TO 1 PM EST SATURDAY... THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN MOUNT HOLLY HAS ISSUED A WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY FOR SNOW...SLEET AND FREEZING RAIN...WHICH IS IN EFFECT FROM 1 AM TO 1 PM EST SATURDAY. * LOCATIONS...PORTIONS OF SOUTHEAST PENNSYLVANIA AND NORTHERN CENTRAL NEW JERSEY. * HAZARD TYPES...SNOW...SLEET AND FREEZING RAIN. * ACCUMULATIONS...SNOW ACCUMULATION OF 2 TO 5 INCHES...ALONG WITH UP TO A TENTH OF AN INCH OF ICE. * TIMING...SNOW WILL OVERSPREAD THE REGION AFTER MIDNIGHT...FALLING WITH VARYING INTENSITY INTO SATURDAY MORNING. THE SNOW WILL GRADUALLY CHANGE TO SLEET AND FREEZING RAIN...THEN ALL RAIN AS TEMPERATURES GET JUST ABOVE THE FREEZING MARK. * IMPACTS...AREAS OF SLIPPERY DRIVING AND WALKING...ESPECIALLY ON UNTREATED ROADWAYS AND SIDEWALKS. MOTORISTS NEED TO USE CAUTION WHEN DRIVING ON BRIDGES AND OVERPASSES...WHERE ICY SPOTS CAN EASILY DEVELOP. * WINDS...EAST 5 TO 10 MPH. * TEMPERATURES...IN THE UPPER 20S TO LOWER 30S. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY MEANS THAT PERIODS OF SNOW...SLEET...OR FREEZING RAIN WILL CAUSE TRAVEL DIFFICULTIES. BE PREPARED FOR SLIPPERY ROADS AND LIMITED VISIBILITIES...AND USE CAUTION WHILE DRIVING. && $$ DEZ001-MDZ008-NJZ013-014-016>020-027-PAZ070-071-202215- /O.NEW.KPHI.WW.Y.0003.120121T0600Z-120121T1500Z/ NEW CASTLE-CECIL-WESTERN MONMOUTH-EASTERN MONMOUTH-SALEM- GLOUCESTER-CAMDEN-NORTHWESTERN BURLINGTON-OCEAN- SOUTHEASTERN BURLINGTON-DELAWARE-PHILADELPHIA- INCLUDING THE CITIES OF...WILMINGTON...ELKTON...FREEHOLD... SANDY HOOK...PENNSVILLE...GLASSBORO...CAMDEN...CHERRY HILL... MOORESTOWN...MOUNT HOLLY...JACKSON...WHARTON STATE FOREST... MEDIA...PHILADELPHIA 346 AM EST FRI JAN 20 2012 ...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM 1 AM TO 10 AM EST SATURDAY... THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN MOUNT HOLLY HAS ISSUED A WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY FOR SNOW...SLEET AND FREEZING RAIN...WHICH IS IN EFFECT FROM 1 AM TO 10 AM EST SATURDAY. * LOCATIONS...A PORTION OF NORTHEAST MARYLAND...NORTHERN DELAWARE...SOUTHEAST PENNSYLVANIA AND MUCH OF CENTRAL AND SOUTHWEST NEW JERSEY. * HAZARD TYPES...SNOW...SLEET AND FREEZING RAIN. * ACCUMULATIONS...SNOW ACCUMULATION 1 TO 3 INCHES...ALONG WITH LESS THAN ONE-TENTH OF AN INCH OF ICE. * TIMING...SNOW WILL OVERSPREAD THE REGION AFTER MIDNIGHT...AND CONTINUE INTO EARLY SATURDAY MORNING. THE SNOW WILL GRADUALLY CHANGE TO SLEET AND FREEZING RAIN...THEN ALL RAIN AS TEMPERATURES GET JUST ABOVE THE FREEZING MARK. * IMPACTS...AREAS OF SLIPPERY DRIVING AND WALKING...ESPECIALLY ON UNTREATED ROADWAYS AND SIDEWALKS. MOTORISTS NEED TO USE CAUTION WHEN DRIVING ON BRIDGES AND OVERPASSES...WHERE ICY SPOTS CAN EASILY DEVELOP. * WINDS...EAST 5 TO 10 MPH. * TEMPERATURES...IN THE LOWER TO MID 30S. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY MEANS THAT PERIODS OF SNOW...SLEET...OR FREEZING RAIN WILL CAUSE TRAVEL DIFFICULTIES. BE PREPARED FOR SLIPPERY ROADS AND LIMITED VISIBILITIES...AND USE CAUTION WHILE DRIVING. && $$ NJZ007-008-PAZ061-062-202215- /O.EXA.KPHI.WS.A.0001.120121T0600Z-120122T0000Z/ WARREN-MORRIS-LEHIGH-NORTHAMPTON- INCLUDING THE CITIES OF...WASHINGTON...MORRISTOWN...ALLENTOWN... BETHLEHEM...EASTON 346 AM EST FRI JAN 20 2012 ...WINTER STORM WATCH IN EFFECT FROM LATE TONIGHT THROUGH SATURDAY EVENING... THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN MOUNT HOLLY HAS ISSUED A WINTER STORM WATCH...WHICH IS IN EFFECT FROM LATE TONIGHT THROUGH SATURDAY EVENING. * LOCATIONS...PORTIONS OF THE LEHIGH VALLEY AND NORTHWEST NEW JERSEY. * HAZARD TYPES...SNOW AND FREEZING RAIN. * ACCUMULATIONS...SNOW ACCUMULATION OF 4 TO 8 INCHES...ALONG WITH UP TO A TENTH OF AN INCH OF ICE. * TIMING....SNOW WILL OVERSPREAD THE REGION AFTER MIDNIGHT...FALLING WITH VARYING INTENSITY INTO SATURDAY MORNING. THE SNOW WILL GRADUALLY MIX WITH OR CHANGE TO SLEET AND FREEZING RAIN. * IMPACTS...TRAVEL WILL BE HAZARDOUS ESPECIALLY ON UNTREATED ROADWAYS. * WINDS...NORTHEAST 5 TO 10 MPH. * TEMPERATURES...IN THE UPPER 20S. * VISIBILITIES...AS LOW AS ONE-HALF MILE AT TIMES. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A WINTER STORM WATCH MEANS THERE IS A POTENTIAL FOR SIGNIFICANT SNOW...SLEET...OR ICE ACCUMULATIONS THAT MAY IMPACT TRAVEL. CONTINUE TO MONITOR THE LATEST FORECASTS. && $$ NJZ001-PAZ054-055-202215- /O.CON.KPHI.WS.A.0001.120121T0600Z-120122T0000Z/ SUSSEX-CARBON-MONROE- INCLUDING THE CITIES OF...NEWTON...JIM THORPE...STROUDSBURG 346 AM EST FRI JAN 20 2012 ...WINTER STORM WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM LATE TONIGHT THROUGH SATURDAY EVENING... * LOCATIONS...CARBON AND MONROE COUNTIES IN EASTERN PENNSYLVANIA AND SUSSEX COUNTY IN NORTHWESTERN NEW JERSEY. * HAZARD TYPES...SNOW. * ACCUMULATIONS...SNOW ACCUMULATION OF 4 TO 8 INCHES...ALONG WITH UP TO A TENTH OF AN INCH OF ICE. * TIMING...SNOW WILL OVERSPREAD THE REGION AFTER MIDNIGHT...FALLING WITH VARYING INTENSITY INTO SATURDAY. THE SNOW MAY MIX WITH SLEET OR FREEZING RAIN AT TIMES. * IMPACTS...TRAVEL WILL BE HAZARDOUS ESPECIALLY ON UNTREATED ROADWAYS. * WINDS...NORTHEAST 5 TO 10 MPH. * TEMPERATURES...IN THE MID 20S. * VISIBILITIES...AS LOW AS ONE-HALF MILE AT TIMES. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A WINTER STORM WATCH MEANS THERE IS A POTENTIAL FOR SIGNIFICANT SNOW...SLEET...OR ICE ACCUMULATIONS THAT MAY IMPACT TRAVEL. CONTINUE TO MONITOR THE LATEST FORECASTS. && $$
367 WWUS41 KPHI 202020 WSWPHI URGENT - WINTER WEATHER MESSAGE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MOUNT HOLLY NJ 320 PM EST FRI JAN 20 2012 NJZ001-007-008-PAZ054-055-061-062-211000- /O.UPG.KPHI.WS.A.0001.120121T0600Z-120122T0000Z/ /O.EXB.KPHI.WW.Y.0003.120121T0600Z-120121T2200Z/ SUSSEX-WARREN-MORRIS-CARBON-MONROE-LEHIGH-NORTHAMPTON- INCLUDING THE CITIES OF...NEWTON...WASHINGTON...MORRISTOWN... JIM THORPE...STROUDSBURG...ALLENTOWN...BETHLEHEM...EASTON 320 PM EST FRI JAN 20 2012 ...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM 1 AM TO 5 PM EST SATURDAY... THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN MOUNT HOLLY HAS ISSUED A WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY FOR SNOW...SLEET AND FREEZING RAIN...WHICH IS IN EFFECT FROM 1 AM TO 5 PM EST SATURDAY. THE WINTER STORM WATCH IS NO LONGER IN EFFECT. * HAZARD TYPES...SNOW...SLEET AND FREEZING RAIN. * ACCUMULATIONS...SNOW ACCUMULATION OF 4 TO 6 INCHES...ALONG WITH LESS THAN A TENTH OF AN INCH OF ICE SOUTH OF THE SOUTHERN POCONOS AND FAR NORTHWEST NEW JERSEY. * TIMING...SNOW WILL OVERSPREAD THE REGION AFTER MIDNIGHT... FALLING WITH VARYING INTENSITY INTO SATURDAY MORNING. THE SNOW WILL GRADUALLY CHANGE TO SLEET AND FREEZING RAIN SOUTH OF THE SOUTHERN POCONOS AND FAR NORTHWEST NEW JERSEY BEFORE ALL PRECIPITATION ENDS IN THE AFTERNOON. * IMPACTS...AREAS OF SLIPPERY DRIVING AND WALKING...ESPECIALLY ON UNTREATED ROADWAYS AND SIDEWALKS. MOTORISTS NEED TO USE CAUTION WHEN DRIVING ON BRIDGES AND OVERPASSES...WHERE ICY SPOTS CAN EASILY DEVELOP. * TEMPERATURES...MAINLY IN THE 20S. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY MEANS THAT PERIODS OF SNOW...SLEET...OR FREEZING RAIN WILL CAUSE TRAVEL DIFFICULTIES. BE PREPARED FOR SLIPPERY ROADS AND LIMITED VISIBILITIES...AND USE CAUTION WHILE DRIVING. && $$ NJZ009-010-012-015-PAZ060-067>069-211000- /O.EXT.KPHI.WW.Y.0003.120121T0600Z-120121T2200Z/ HUNTERDON-SOMERSET-MIDDLESEX-MERCER-BERKS-CHESTER-MONTGOMERY- BUCKS- INCLUDING THE CITIES OF...FLEMINGTON...SOMERVILLE... NEW BRUNSWICK...TRENTON...READING...WEST CHESTER...NORRISTOWN... DOYLESTOWN 320 PM EST FRI JAN 20 2012 ...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY NOW IN EFFECT FROM 1 AM TO 5 PM EST SATURDAY... * HAZARD TYPES...SNOW...SLEET AND FREEZING RAIN. * ACCUMULATIONS...SNOW ACCUMULATION OF 2 TO 5 INCHES...ALONG WITH UP TO A TENTH OF AN INCH OF ICE. * TIMING...SNOW WILL OVERSPREAD THE REGION AFTER MIDNIGHT... FALLING WITH VARYING INTENSITY INTO SATURDAY MORNING. THE SNOW WILL GRADUALLY CHANGE TO SLEET AND FREEZING RAIN BEFORE PRECIPITATION ENDS DURING THE AFTERNOON. * IMPACTS...AREAS OF SLIPPERY DRIVING AND WALKING...ESPECIALLY ON UNTREATED ROADWAYS AND SIDEWALKS. MOTORISTS NEED TO USE CAUTION WHEN DRIVING ON BRIDGES AND OVERPASSES...WHERE ICY SPOTS CAN EASILY DEVELOP. * TEMPERATURES...IN THE UPPER 20S TO LOWER 30S. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY MEANS THAT PERIODS OF SNOW...SLEET...OR FREEZING RAIN WILL CAUSE TRAVEL DIFFICULTIES. BE PREPARED FOR SLIPPERY ROADS AND LIMITED VISIBILITIES...AND USE CAUTION WHILE DRIVING. && $$ NJZ013-014-020-027-211000- /O.EXT.KPHI.WW.Y.0003.120121T0600Z-120121T2200Z/ WESTERN MONMOUTH-EASTERN MONMOUTH-OCEAN-SOUTHEASTERN BURLINGTON- INCLUDING THE CITIES OF...FREEHOLD...SANDY HOOK...JACKSON... WHARTON STATE FOREST 320 PM EST FRI JAN 20 2012 ...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY NOW IN EFFECT FROM 1 AM TO 5 PM EST SATURDAY... * HAZARD TYPES...SNOW...SLEET AND FREEZING RAIN. * ACCUMULATIONS...SNOW ACCUMULATION 1 TO 3 INCHES...ALONG WITH UP TO A TENTH OF AN INCH OF ICE. * TIMING...SNOW WILL OVERSPREAD THE REGION AFTER MIDNIGHT...AND CONTINUE INTO EARLY SATURDAY MORNING. THE SNOW WILL GRADUALLY CHANGE TO SLEET AND FREEZING RAIN...THEN ALL RAIN AS TEMPERATURES GET JUST ABOVE THE FREEZING MARK. * IMPACTS...AREAS OF SLIPPERY DRIVING AND WALKING...ESPECIALLY ON UNTREATED ROADWAYS AND SIDEWALKS. MOTORISTS NEED TO USE CAUTION WHEN DRIVING ON BRIDGES AND OVERPASSES...WHERE ICY SPOTS CAN EASILY DEVELOP. * TEMPERATURES...IN THE LOWER TO MID 30S. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY MEANS THAT PERIODS OF SNOW...SLEET...OR FREEZING RAIN WILL CAUSE TRAVEL DIFFICULTIES. BE PREPARED FOR SLIPPERY ROADS AND LIMITED VISIBILITIES...AND USE CAUTION WHILE DRIVING. && $$ DEZ001-MDZ008-NJZ016>019-PAZ070-071-211000- /O.EXT.KPHI.WW.Y.0003.120121T0600Z-120121T2200Z/ NEW CASTLE-CECIL-SALEM-GLOUCESTER-CAMDEN-NORTHWESTERN BURLINGTON- DELAWARE-PHILADELPHIA- INCLUDING THE CITIES OF...WILMINGTON...ELKTON...PENNSVILLE... GLASSBORO...CAMDEN...CHERRY HILL...MOORESTOWN...MOUNT HOLLY... MEDIA...PHILADELPHIA 320 PM EST FRI JAN 20 2012 ...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY NOW IN EFFECT FROM 1 AM TO 5 PM EST SATURDAY... * HAZARD TYPES...SNOW...SLEET AND FREEZING RAIN. * ACCUMULATIONS...SNOW ACCUMULATION 1 TO 3 INCHES...ALONG WITH UP TO TWO TENTHS OF AN INCH OF ICE. * TIMING...SNOW WILL OVERSPREAD THE REGION AFTER MIDNIGHT...AND CONTINUE INTO EARLY SATURDAY MORNING. THE SNOW WILL GRADUALLY CHANGE TO SLEET AND FREEZING RAIN...THEN ALL RAIN AS TEMPERATURES GET JUST ABOVE THE FREEZING MARK. * IMPACTS...AREAS OF SLIPPERY DRIVING AND WALKING...ESPECIALLY ON UNTREATED ROADWAYS AND SIDEWALKS. MOTORISTS NEED TO USE CAUTION WHEN DRIVING ON BRIDGES AND OVERPASSES...WHERE ICY SPOTS CAN EASILY DEVELOP. * TEMPERATURES...IN THE LOWER TO MID 30S. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY MEANS THAT PERIODS OF SNOW...SLEET...OR FREEZING RAIN WILL CAUSE TRAVEL DIFFICULTIES. BE PREPARED FOR SLIPPERY ROADS AND LIMITED VISIBILITIES...AND USE CAUTION WHILE DRIVING. && $$
The office that day
Everything else NWS Philadelphia/Mount Holly issued on the same UTC day.
| Issued | Product | Office | Counties | Lasted |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan 19, 3:17 AM EST | Small Craft Advisory | PHI | 32 hr |
Nearby
Winter Storm Watches in Pennsylvania, 2012Winter Storm Watches in New Jersey, 2012Every winter storm watch in 2012
Sources
The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.