Alert archive / Wyoming / Red Flag Warnings in 2012
Red Flag Warning 36, NWS Cheyenne, WY
NWS Cheyenne, WY issued this red flag warning at Jun 18, 2012, 2:14 PM MDT. It took effect at Jun 19, 2012, 8:00 AM MDT. It was in force for 13 hr. No storm report in the archive falls inside the area while it was in force.
The area
The counties it named.
The facts
- Issued
- Jun 18, 2012, 2:14 PM MDT (20:14 UTC)
- In effect from
- Jun 19, 2012, 8:00 AM MDT
- Expired
- Jun 19, 2012, 9:00 PM MDT
- In force
- 13 hr
- Issued by
- NWS Cheyenne, WY
The text
As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.
731 WWUS85 KCYS 182014 RFWCYS URGENT - FIRE WEATHER MESSAGE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE CHEYENNE WY 214 PM MDT MON JUN 18 2012 ...RED FLAG WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT FOR MUCH OF SOUTHEAST WYOMING AND THE WESTERN NEBRASKA PANHANDLE THROUGH THIS EVENING FOR STRONG WESTERLY WINDS AND LOW HUMIDITIES... ...RED FLAG WARNING IS IN EFFECT FOR MUCH OF SOUTHEAST WYOMING FOR LATE TUESDAY MORNING INTO TUESDAY EVENING FOR STRONG WEST-TO- NORTHWEST WINDS AND LOW HUMIDITIES... .STRONG WEST-TO-SOUTHWEST WINDS WILL CONTINUE THIS AFTERNOON IN RESPONSE TO A TIGHT SURFACE PRESSURE GRADIENT. IN ADDITION... TEMPERATURES ARE WELL ABOVE NORMAL...CAUSING AFTERNOON HUMIDITIES TO FALL INTO THE SINGLE DIGITS. AS A RESULT... CRITICAL FIRE WEATHER CONDITIONS WILL CONTINUE OVER MOST OF SOUTHEAST WYOMING AND THE WESTERN NEBRASKA PANHANDLE THIS AFTERNOON. A COLD FRONT WILL MOVE ACROSS THE AREA LATE TONIGHT. ALTHOUGH TEMPERATURES WILL BE AROUND 5-10 DEGREES COOLER ON TUESDAY...BREEZY NORTHWEST WINDS WILL COMBINE WITH A DRY AIRMASS TO PRODUCE CRITICAL FIRE WEATHER CONDITIONS OVER MOST OF SOUTHEAST WYOMING. WYZ302>307-309-310-190600- /O.UPG.KCYS.FW.A.0028.120619T1600Z-120620T0300Z/ /O.NEW.KCYS.FW.W.0036.120619T1600Z-120620T0300Z/ /O.EXT.KCYS.FW.W.0035.000000T0000Z-120619T0600Z/ NORTH LARAMIE RANGE/MEDICINE BOW NF- CENTRAL AND NORTHERN CARBON/FERRIS-SEMINOE-SHIRLEY MOUNTAINS- SOUTHWEST CARBON-SIERRA MADRE RANGE/MEDICINE BOW NF- UPPER NORTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN-SNOWY RANGE/MEDICINE BOW NF- SOUTH LARAMIE RANGE/MEDICINE BOW NF- PLATTE/GOSHEN/CENTRAL AND EASTERN LARAMIE- 214 PM MDT MON JUN 18 2012 ...RED FLAG WARNING NOW IN EFFECT UNTIL MIDNIGHT MDT TONIGHT FOR WIND AND LOW RELATIVE HUMIDITY FOR FIRE WEATHER ZONES 302...303... 304...305...306...307...309 AND 310... ...RED FLAG WARNING IN EFFECT FROM 10 AM TO 9 PM MDT TUESDAY FOR WIND AND LOW RELATIVE HUMIDITY FOR FIRE WEATHER ZONES 302...303... 304...305...306...307...309 AND 310... THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN CHEYENNE HAS ISSUED A RED FLAG WARNING FOR WIND AND LOW RELATIVE HUMIDITY...WHICH IS IN EFFECT FROM 10 AM TO 9 PM MDT TUESDAY. THE FIRE WEATHER WATCH IS NO LONGER IN EFFECT. * AFFECTED AREA...FIRE WEATHER ZONE 302 NORTH LARAMIE RANGE/MEDICINE BOW NF...FIRE WEATHER ZONE 303 CENTRAL AND NORTHERN CARBON/FERRIS-SEMINOE-SHIRLEY MOUNTAINS...FIRE WEATHER ZONE 304 SOUTHWEST CARBON...FIRE WEATHER ZONE 305 SIERRA MADRE RANGE/MEDICINE BOW NF...FIRE WEATHER ZONE 306 UPPER NORTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN...FIRE WEATHER ZONE 307 SNOWY RANGE/MEDICINE BOW NF... FIRE WEATHER ZONE 309 SOUTH LARAMIE RANGE/MEDICINE BOW NF AND FIRE WEATHER ZONE 310 PLATTE/GOSHEN/CENTRAL AND EASTERN LARAMIE. * WINDS...WEST-TO-NORTHWEST 20 TO 30 MPH WITH GUSTS UP TO 40 MPH. * RELATIVE HUMIDITY...AS LOW AS 9 PERCENT. * IMPACTS...RAPID FIRE GROWTH MAY OCCUR IN THESE AREAS. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A RED FLAG WARNING MEANS THAT CRITICAL FIRE WEATHER CONDITIONS ARE EITHER OCCURRING NOW...OR WILL SHORTLY. A COMBINATION OF STRONG WINDS...LOW RELATIVE HUMIDITY...AND WARM TEMPERATURES WILL CREATE EXPLOSIVE FIRE GROWTH POTENTIAL. && $$ WYZ301-190600- /O.NEW.KCYS.FW.W.0036.120619T1600Z-120620T0300Z/ /O.EXT.KCYS.FW.W.0035.000000T0000Z-120619T0600Z/ NIOBRARA/LOWER ELEVATIONS OF CONVERSE/THUNDER BASIN NATIONAL GRASSLAND- 214 PM MDT MON JUN 18 2012 ...RED FLAG WARNING NOW IN EFFECT UNTIL MIDNIGHT MDT TONIGHT FOR WIND AND LOW RELATIVE HUMIDITY FOR FIRE WEATHER ZONE 301... ...RED FLAG WARNING IN EFFECT FROM 10 AM TO 9 PM MDT TUESDAY FOR WIND AND LOW RELATIVE HUMIDITY FOR FIRE WEATHER ZONE 301... THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN CHEYENNE HAS ISSUED A RED FLAG WARNING FOR WIND AND LOW RELATIVE HUMIDITY...WHICH IS IN EFFECT FROM 10 AM TO 9 PM MDT TUESDAY. * AFFECTED AREA...FIRE WEATHER ZONE 301 NIOBRARA/LOWER ELEVATIONS OF CONVERSE/THUNDER BASIN NATIONAL GRASSLAND. * WINDS...WEST-TO-NORTHWEST 20 TO 30 MPH WITH GUSTS UP TO 40 MPH. * RELATIVE HUMIDITY...AS LOW AS 8 PERCENT. * IMPACTS...RAPID FIRE GROWTH MAY OCCUR IN THESE AREAS. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A RED FLAG WARNING MEANS THAT CRITICAL FIRE WEATHER CONDITIONS ARE EITHER OCCURRING NOW...OR WILL SHORTLY. A COMBINATION OF STRONG WINDS...LOW RELATIVE HUMIDITY...AND WARM TEMPERATURES WILL CREATE EXPLOSIVE FIRE GROWTH POTENTIAL. && $$ NEZ311>313-190600- /O.EXT.KCYS.FW.W.0035.000000T0000Z-120619T0600Z/ PINE RIDGE/NEBRASKA NATIONAL FOREST/OGLALA NATIONAL GRASSLANDS- BOX BUTTE/SOUTH SIOUX- SCOTTS BLUFF NATIONAL MONUMENT/WILDCAT HILLS- 214 PM MDT MON JUN 18 2012 ...RED FLAG WARNING NOW IN EFFECT UNTIL MIDNIGHT MDT TONIGHT FOR WIND AND LOW RELATIVE HUMIDITY FOR FIRE WEATHER ZONES 311... 312 AND 313... * AFFECTED AREA...FIRE WEATHER ZONE 311 PINE RIDGE/NEBRASKA NATIONAL FOREST/OGLALA NATIONAL GRASSLANDS...FIRE WEATHER ZONE 312 BOX BUTTE/SOUTH SIOUX AND FIRE WEATHER ZONE 313 SCOTTS BLUFF NATIONAL MONUMENT/WILDCAT HILLS. * WINDS...SOUTHWEST 10 TO 20 MPH WITH GUSTS UP TO 35 MPH. * RELATIVE HUMIDITY...AS LOW AS 6 PERCENT. * IMPACTS...RAPID FIRE GROWTH MAY OCCUR IN THESE AREAS. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A RED FLAG WARNING MEANS THAT CRITICAL FIRE WEATHER CONDITIONS ARE EITHER OCCURRING NOW...OR WILL SHORTLY. A COMBINATION OF STRONG WINDS...LOW RELATIVE HUMIDITY...AND WARM TEMPERATURES WILL CREATE EXPLOSIVE FIRE GROWTH POTENTIAL. && $$ FINCH
4 follow-up statements
229 WWUS85 KCYS 190333 RFWCYS URGENT - FIRE WEATHER MESSAGE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE CHEYENNE WY 933 PM MDT MON JUN 18 2012 ...RED FLAG WARNING HAS BEEN CANCELLED FOR THIS EVENING... ...RED FLAG WARNING REMAIONS IN EFFECT FOR MUCH OF SOUTHEAST WYOMING FOR LATE TUESDAY MORNING INTO TUESDAY EVENING FOR STRONG WEST OR NORTHWEST WINDS AND LOW RELATIVE HUMIDITIES... .A COLD FRONT WILL MOVE ACROSS THE AREA LATE TONIGHT. ALTHOUGH TEMPERATURES WILL BE 5 TO 10 DEGREES COOLER ON TUESDAY...GUSTY WEST TO NORTHWEST WINDS WILL COMBINE WITH A DRY AIRMASS TO PRODUCE CRITICAL FIRE WEATHER CONDITIONS OVER MOST OF SOUTHEAST WYOMING. WYZ301>307-309-310-191145- /O.CAN.KCYS.FW.W.0035.000000T0000Z-120619T0600Z/ /O.CON.KCYS.FW.W.0036.120619T1600Z-120620T0300Z/ NIOBRARA/LOWER ELEVATIONS OF CONVERSE/THUNDER BASIN NATIONAL GRASSLAND-NORTH LARAMIE RANGE/MEDICINE BOW NF- CENTRAL AND NORTHERN CARBON/FERRIS-SEMINOE-SHIRLEY MOUNTAINS- SOUTHWEST CARBON-SIERRA MADRE RANGE/MEDICINE BOW NF- UPPER NORTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN-SNOWY RANGE/MEDICINE BOW NF- SOUTH LARAMIE RANGE/MEDICINE BOW NF- PLATTE/GOSHEN/CENTRAL AND EASTERN LARAMIE- 933 PM MDT MON JUN 18 2012 ...RED FLAG WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM 10 AM TO 9 PM MDT TUESDAY FOR WIND AND LOW RELATIVE HUMIDITY FOR FIRE WEATHER ZONES 301...302...303...304...305...306...307...309 AND 310... ...RED FLAG WARNING IS CANCELLED FOR WIND AND LOW RELATIVE HUMIDITY FOR FIRE WEATHER ZONES 301...302...303...304...305... 306...307...309 AND 310... THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN CHEYENNE HAS CANCELLED THE RED FLAG WARNING. * AFFECTED AREA...FIRE WEATHER ZONE 301 NIOBRARA/LOWER ELEVATIONS OF CONVERSE/THUNDER BASIN NATIONAL GRASSLAND...FIRE WEATHER ZONE 302 NORTH LARAMIE RANGE/MEDICINE BOW NF...FIRE WEATHER ZONE 303 CENTRAL AND NORTHERN CARBON/FERRIS-SEMINOE- SHIRLEY MOUNTAINS...FIRE WEATHER ZONE 304 SOUTHWEST CARBON... FIRE WEATHER ZONE 305 SIERRA MADRE RANGE/MEDICINE BOW NF... FIRE WEATHER ZONE 306 UPPER NORTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN...FIRE WEATHER ZONE 307 SNOWY RANGE/MEDICINE BOW NF...FIRE WEATHER ZONE 309 SOUTH LARAMIE RANGE/MEDICINE BOW NF AND FIRE WEATHER ZONE 310 PLATTE/GOSHEN/CENTRAL AND EASTERN LARAMIE. * WINDS...WEST 15 TO 25 MPH WITH GUSTS UP TO 35 MPH. * RELATIVE HUMIDITY...AS LOW AS 8 PERCENT. * IMPACTS...RAPID FIRE GROWTH MAY OCCUR IN THESE AREAS. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A RED FLAG WARNING MEANS THAT CRITICAL FIRE WEATHER CONDITIONS ARE EITHER OCCURRING NOW...OR WILL SHORTLY. A COMBINATION OF STRONG WINDS...LOW RELATIVE HUMIDITY...AND WARM TEMPERATURES WILL CREATE EXPLOSIVE FIRE GROWTH POTENTIAL. && $$ NEZ311>313-190445- /O.CAN.KCYS.FW.W.0035.000000T0000Z-120619T0600Z/ PINE RIDGE/NEBRASKA NATIONAL FOREST/OGLALA NATIONAL GRASSLANDS- BOX BUTTE/SOUTH SIOUX- SCOTTS BLUFF NATIONAL MONUMENT/WILDCAT HILLS- 933 PM MDT MON JUN 18 2012 ...RED FLAG WARNING IS CANCELLED FOR WIND AND LOW RELATIVE HUMIDITY FOR FIRE WEATHER ZONES 311...312 AND 313... THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN CHEYENNE HAS CANCELLED THE RED FLAG WARNING. WINDS HAVE DIMINISHED OVER THE WESTERN NEBRASKA PANHANDLE THIS EVENING. AT THE SAME TIME...RELATIVE HUMIDITY VALUES HAVE INCREASED. THAT TREND WILL CONTINUE FOR THE REST OF TONIGHT AND SO THE RED FLAG WARNING THAT WAS IN EFFECT UNTIL MIDNIGHT HAS BEEN CANCELLED. $$ WEILAND
881 WWUS85 KCYS 190759 RFWCYS URGENT - FIRE WEATHER MESSAGE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE CHEYENNE WY 159 AM MDT TUE JUN 19 2012 ...RED FLAG WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT FOR MUCH OF SOUTHEAST WYOMING FOR TODAY AND EARLY THIS EVENING FOR STRONG WEST OR NORTHWEST WINDS AND LOW RELATIVE HUMIDITIES... .A COLD FRONT WILL MOVE ACROSS THE AREA EARLY TODAY. ALTHOUGH TEMPERATURES WILL BE 5 TO 10 DEGREES COOLER TODAY...GUSTY WEST TO NORTHWEST WINDS WILL COMBINE WITH A DRY AIRMASS TO PRODUCE CRITICAL FIRE WEATHER CONDITIONS OVER MOST OF SOUTHEAST WYOMING. WYZ301>307-309-310-192300- /O.EXT.KCYS.FW.W.0036.120619T1400Z-120620T0300Z/ NIOBRARA/LOWER ELEVATIONS OF CONVERSE/THUNDER BASIN NATIONAL GRASSLAND-NORTH LARAMIE RANGE/MEDICINE BOW NF- CENTRAL AND NORTHERN CARBON/FERRIS-SEMINOE-SHIRLEY MOUNTAINS- SOUTHWEST CARBON-SIERRA MADRE RANGE/MEDICINE BOW NF- UPPER NORTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN-SNOWY RANGE/MEDICINE BOW NF- SOUTH LARAMIE RANGE/MEDICINE BOW NF- PLATTE/GOSHEN/CENTRAL AND EASTERN LARAMIE- 159 AM MDT TUE JUN 19 2012 ...RED FLAG WARNING NOW IN EFFECT FROM 8 AM THIS MORNING TO 9 PM MDT THIS EVENING FOR WIND AND LOW RELATIVE HUMIDITY FOR FIRE WEATHER ZONES 301...302...303...304...305...306...307...309 AND 310... * AFFECTED AREA...FIRE WEATHER ZONE 301 NIOBRARA/LOWER ELEVATIONS OF CONVERSE/THUNDER BASIN NATIONAL GRASSLAND...FIRE WEATHER ZONE 302 NORTH LARAMIE RANGE/MEDICINE BOW NF...FIRE WEATHER ZONE 303 CENTRAL AND NORTHERN CARBON/FERRIS-SEMINOE- SHIRLEY MOUNTAINS...FIRE WEATHER ZONE 304 SOUTHWEST CARBON... FIRE WEATHER ZONE 305 SIERRA MADRE RANGE/MEDICINE BOW NF... FIRE WEATHER ZONE 306 UPPER NORTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN...FIRE WEATHER ZONE 307 SNOWY RANGE/MEDICINE BOW NF...FIRE WEATHER ZONE 309 SOUTH LARAMIE RANGE/MEDICINE BOW NF AND FIRE WEATHER ZONE 310 PLATTE/GOSHEN/CENTRAL AND EASTERN LARAMIE. * WINDS...WEST 15 TO 25 MPH WITH GUSTS UP TO 45 MPH. * RELATIVE HUMIDITY...AS LOW AS 9 PERCENT. * IMPACTS...RAPID FIRE GROWTH MAY OCCUR IN THESE AREAS. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A RED FLAG WARNING MEANS THAT CRITICAL FIRE WEATHER CONDITIONS ARE EITHER OCCURRING NOW...OR WILL SHORTLY. A COMBINATION OF STRONG WINDS...LOW RELATIVE HUMIDITY...AND WARM TEMPERATURES WILL CREATE EXPLOSIVE FIRE GROWTH POTENTIAL. && $$ RUBIN
203 WWUS85 KCYS 192100 RFWCYS URGENT - FIRE WEATHER MESSAGE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE CHEYENNE WY 300 PM MDT TUE JUN 19 2012 ...THE RED FLAG WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT FOR MUCH OF SOUTHEAST WYOMING THROUGH THIS EVENING FOR WARM...DRY AND BREEZY CONDITIONS... .CRITICAL FIRE WEATHER CONDITIONS WILL CONTINUE OVER MUCH OF SOUTHEAST WYOMING THROUGH THIS EVENING DUE TO THE WARM...DRY AND BREEZY WEATHER. NORTHWEST TO NORTH WINDS WILL GUST AS HIGH AS 40 MPH DURING THAT TIME AND MINIMUM RELATIVE HUMIDITY VALUES WILL BE BETWEEN 8 AND 13 PERCENT. WYZ301>307-309-310-200300- /O.CON.KCYS.FW.W.0036.000000T0000Z-120620T0300Z/ NIOBRARA/LOWER ELEVATIONS OF CONVERSE/THUNDER BASIN NATIONAL GRASSLAND-NORTH LARAMIE RANGE/MEDICINE BOW NF- CENTRAL AND NORTHERN CARBON/FERRIS-SEMINOE-SHIRLEY MOUNTAINS- SOUTHWEST CARBON-SIERRA MADRE RANGE/MEDICINE BOW NF- UPPER NORTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN-SNOWY RANGE/MEDICINE BOW NF- SOUTH LARAMIE RANGE/MEDICINE BOW NF- PLATTE/GOSHEN/CENTRAL AND EASTERN LARAMIE- 300 PM MDT TUE JUN 19 2012 ...RED FLAG WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 9 PM MDT THIS EVENING FOR WIND AND LOW RELATIVE HUMIDITY FOR FIRE WEATHER ZONES 301... 302...303...304...305...306...307...309 AND 310... * AFFECTED AREA...FIRE WEATHER ZONE 301 NIOBRARA/LOWER ELEVATIONS OF CONVERSE/THUNDER BASIN NATIONAL GRASSLAND...FIRE WEATHER ZONE 302 NORTH LARAMIE RANGE/MEDICINE BOW NF...FIRE WEATHER ZONE 303 CENTRAL AND NORTHERN CARBON/FERRIS-SEMINOE- SHIRLEY MOUNTAINS...FIRE WEATHER ZONE 304 SOUTHWEST CARBON... FIRE WEATHER ZONE 305 SIERRA MADRE RANGE/MEDICINE BOW NF... FIRE WEATHER ZONE 306 UPPER NORTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN...FIRE WEATHER ZONE 307 SNOWY RANGE/MEDICINE BOW NF...FIRE WEATHER ZONE 309 SOUTH LARAMIE RANGE/MEDICINE BOW NF AND FIRE WEATHER ZONE 310 PLATTE/GOSHEN/CENTRAL AND EASTERN LARAMIE. * WINDS...NORTHWEST TO NORTH 15 TO 25 MPH WITH GUSTS UP TO 40 MPH. * RELATIVE HUMIDITY...BETWEEN 8 AND 13 PERCENT. * IMPACTS...RAPID FIRE GROWTH MAY OCCUR IN THESE AREAS. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A RED FLAG WARNING MEANS THAT CRITICAL FIRE WEATHER CONDITIONS ARE EITHER OCCURRING NOW...OR WILL SHORTLY. A COMBINATION OF STRONG WINDS...LOW RELATIVE HUMIDITY...AND WARM TEMPERATURES WILL CREATE EXPLOSIVE FIRE GROWTH POTENTIAL. && $$ WEILAND
249 WWUS85 KCYS 200305 RFWCYS URGENT - FIRE WEATHER MESSAGE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE CHEYENNE WY 905 PM MDT TUE JUN 19 2012 ...RED FLAG WARNING HAS EXPIRED FOR WIND AND LOW RELATIVE HUMIDITY FOR MUCH OF SOUTH CENTRAL AND SOUTHEAST WYOMING... WYZ301>307-309-310-200415- /O.EXP.KCYS.FW.W.0036.000000T0000Z-120620T0300Z/ NIOBRARA/LOWER ELEVATIONS OF CONVERSE/THUNDER BASIN NATIONAL GRASSLAND-NORTH LARAMIE RANGE/MEDICINE BOW NF- CENTRAL AND NORTHERN CARBON/FERRIS-SEMINOE-SHIRLEY MOUNTAINS- SOUTHWEST CARBON-SIERRA MADRE RANGE/MEDICINE BOW NF- UPPER NORTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN-SNOWY RANGE/MEDICINE BOW NF- SOUTH LARAMIE RANGE/MEDICINE BOW NF- PLATTE/GOSHEN/CENTRAL AND EASTERN LARAMIE- 905 PM MDT TUE JUN 19 2012 ...RED FLAG WARNING HAS EXPIRED FOR WIND AND LOW RELATIVE HUMIDITY FOR FIRE WEATHER ZONES 301...302...303...304...305... 306...307...309 AND 310... A SURFACE TROUGH WILL BE MOVING EAST THROUGH SOUTHEAST WYOMING THIS EVENING. LOW LEVEL MOISTURE EAST OF THE TROUGH HAS ALLOWED HUMIDITIES TO RISE WELL ABOVE CRITICAL VALUES. IT WILL BE DRIER WEST OF THE TROUGH WITH GUSTY WESTERLY WINDS...WITH HUMIDITIES RISING ABOVE CRITICAL VALUES DURING THE NEXT HOUR. $$ JAMSKI
The office that day
Everything else NWS Cheyenne, WY issued on the same UTC day.
| Issued | Product | Office | Counties | Lasted |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jun 18, 2:28 AM MDT | Fire Weather Watch | CYS | 12 hr |
Nearby
Red Flag Warnings in Wyoming, 2012Every red flag warning in 2012
Sources
The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text.