Alert archive / Virginia / Tornado Watches in 2011

Tornado Watch 866

October 13, 201111 counties in Maryland; 31 counties in Virginia

The Storm Prediction Center issued this tornado watch at Oct 13, 2011, 4:28 PM EDT for 11 counties in Maryland; 31 counties in Virginia. It was in force for 4 hr.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued
Oct 13, 2011, 4:28 PM EDT (20:28 UTC)
Expired
Oct 13, 2011, 8:02 PM EDT
In force
4 hr
Issued by
the Storm Prediction Center
Largest hail expected
1 in
Strongest gust expected
60 kt
All 42 counties

Anne Arundel County, MD, Baltimore County, MD, Calvert County, MD, Charles County, MD, City of Baltimore, MD, Dorchester County, MD, Harford County, MD, Howard County, MD, Montgomery County, MD, Prince George's County, MD, Saint Mary's County, MD, Arlington County, VA, Caroline County, VA, City of Alexandria, VA, City of Fairfax, VA, City of Falls Church, VA, City of Fredericksburg, VA, City of Manassas, VA, City of Manassas Park, VA, Culpeper County, VA, Essex County, VA, Fairfax County, VA, Fauquier County, VA, Gloucester County, VA, Hanover County, VA, King and Queen County, VA, King George County, VA, King William County, VA, Lancaster County, VA, Loudoun County, VA, Louisa County, VA, Mathews County, VA, Middlesex County, VA, New Kent County, VA, Northumberland County, VA, Orange County, VA, Prince William County, VA, Rappahannock County, VA, Richmond County, VA, Spotsylvania County, VA, Stafford County, VA, Westmoreland County, VA

The radar

The Sterling radar (KLWX), 72 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 20:30 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What SPC expected

The probabilities SPC published with the watch, for the watch area over its life.

Two or more tornadoes
40%
One or more EF2 to EF5 tornadoes
20%
Ten or more severe wind reports
30%
One or more gusts of 65 knots or more
30%
Ten or more severe hail reports
40%
One or more hailstones of 2 inches or more
30%
Six or more combined severe hail and wind reports
70%

Warnings issued inside it

7 tornado, severe thunderstorm and flash flood warnings for its counties while it was in force.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Oct 13, 4:47 PM EDTTornado WarningAKQHanover, King William, New Kent28 min
Oct 13, 5:07 PM EDTTornado WarningLWXFauquier, Prince William, City of Manassas23 min
Oct 13, 5:13 PM EDTTornado WarningAKQEssex, King and Queen, King William31 min
Oct 13, 5:28 PM EDTTornado WarningLWXFairfax, Prince William, Stafford32 min
Oct 13, 5:35 PM EDTTornado WarningLWXFairfax, City of Fairfax25 min
Oct 13, 6:04 PM EDTTornado WarningAKQCaroline, Hanover, Louisa26 min
Oct 13, 6:14 PM EDTTornado WarningLWXSpotsylvania31 min

Discussions around it

SPC mesoscale discussions over the same counties from four hours before the watch to its end.

The nearest sounding before it

Washington/Dulle, VA (KIAD), launched 12:00Z, 8.5 hours before the alert went out and 66 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Washington/Dulle, VA at 12:00Z on 2011-10-13Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 69 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Washington/Dulle, VA at 12:00Z on 2011-10-13The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 115 square meters per square second.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
69 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-167 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
451 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
36 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
115 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
180 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
-0.0

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

255 
WWUS20 KWNS 132029
SEL6
SPC WW 132029
DCZ000-MDZ000-VAZ000-CWZ000-140300-

URGENT - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
TORNADO WATCH NUMBER 866
NWS STORM PREDICTION CENTER NORMAN OK
430 PM EDT THU OCT 13 2011

THE NWS STORM PREDICTION CENTER HAS ISSUED A
TORNADO WATCH FOR PORTIONS OF

       DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
       SOUTHERN MARYLAND
       EASTERN VIRGINIA
       COASTAL WATERS

EFFECTIVE THIS THURSDAY AFTERNOON AND EVENING FROM 430 PM UNTIL
1100 PM EDT.

TORNADOES...HAIL TO 1 INCH IN DIAMETER...THUNDERSTORM WIND GUSTS
TO 70 MPH...AND DANGEROUS LIGHTNING ARE POSSIBLE IN THESE AREAS.

THE TORNADO WATCH AREA IS APPROXIMATELY ALONG AND 50 STATUTE
MILES EAST AND WEST OF A LINE FROM 20 MILES NORTH OF WASHINGTON
DISTRICT OF COLUM TO 35 MILES EAST SOUTHEAST OF RICHMOND
VIRGINIA.  FOR A COMPLETE DEPICTION OF THE WATCH SEE THE
ASSOCIATED WATCH OUTLINE UPDATE (WOUS64 KWNS WOU6).

REMEMBER...A TORNADO WATCH MEANS CONDITIONS ARE FAVORABLE FOR
TORNADOES AND SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS IN AND CLOSE TO THE WATCH
AREA. PERSONS IN THESE AREAS SHOULD BE ON THE LOOKOUT FOR
THREATENING WEATHER CONDITIONS AND LISTEN FOR LATER STATEMENTS
AND POSSIBLE WARNINGS.

DISCUSSION...A SMALL CLUSTER OF SUPERCELLS HAS EVOLVED THIS
AFTERNOON INVOF OF A WARM/QUASI-STATIONARY BOUNDARY WHERE AIR MASS
IS MOIST AND MODERATELY UNSTABLE WITH MLCAPE OF AROUND 1000 J/KG.
THOUGH AMBIENT VERTICAL SHEAR IS NOT PARTICULARLY
STRONG...VERTICALLY VEERING WIND PROFILES COUPLED WITH THE MOIST/LOW
LCL BOUNDARY LAYER AND VORTICITY ENHANCEMENT ALONG THE SURFACE
BOUNDARY WILL ENHANCE LOW-LEVEL STORM ROTATION AND THE POTENTIAL FOR
A FEW TORNADOES.

AVIATION...TORNADOES AND A FEW SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WITH HAIL
SURFACE AND ALOFT TO 1 INCH. EXTREME TURBULENCE AND SURFACE WIND
GUSTS TO 60 KNOTS. A FEW CUMULONIMBI WITH MAXIMUM TOPS TO 500.
MEAN STORM MOTION VECTOR 20025.


...MEAD

SPC that day

Everything else SPC issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Oct 13, 6:53 PM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAnne Arundel, Calvert, Charles, Dorchester, Howard, Montgomery and 3 more97 min

Nearby

Tornado Watches in Virginia, 2011Tornado Watches in Maryland, 2011Every tornado watch in 2011

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.