Alert archive / California / Wind Advisories in 2011
Wind Advisory 49, NWS San Diego, CA
NWS San Diego, CA issued this wind advisory at Dec 16, 2011, 3:12 PM PST for San Diego County, California. It took effect at Dec 16, 2011, 7:00 PM PST. It was in force for 17 hr.
The area
The counties it named.
The facts
- Issued
- Dec 16, 2011, 3:12 PM PST (23:12 UTC)
- In effect from
- Dec 16, 2011, 7:00 PM PST
- Expired
- Dec 17, 2011, 12:24 PM PST
- In force
- 17 hr
- Issued by
- NWS San Diego, CA
County San Diego County, CA
The radar
The San Diego radar (KNKX), 28 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 23:15 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.
Open the radar archive at this moment
The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.
The nearest sounding before it
San Diego, CA (KNKX), launched 12:00Z, 11.2 hours before the alert went out and 47 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.
- Mixed-layer CAPE
- 0 J/kg
- Mixed-layer CIN
- No buoyant parcel
- Mixed-layer LCL
- 0 m above ground
- 0-6 km bulk shear
- 24 kt
- 0-1 km storm-relative helicity
- 67 m²/s²
- 0-3 km storm-relative helicity
- 54 m²/s²
- Significant tornado parameter
- 0.0
- Supercell composite
- 0.0
The text
As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.
841 WWUS76 KSGX 162312 NPWSGX URGENT - WEATHER MESSAGE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE SAN DIEGO CA 312 PM PST FRI DEC 16 2011 ...STRONG GUSTY NORTHEAST TO EAST WINDS INTO SATURDAY... .A LOW PRESSURE SYSTEM CENTERED OVER NORTHERN BAJA WILL BRING STRONG GUSTY NORTHEAST TO EAST WINDS TO AREAS OF SOUTHWESTERN CALIFORNIA...MAINLY THROUGH AND BELOW PASSES AND CANYONS AND NEAR COASTAL FOOTHILLS INTO SATURDAY WITH STRONGEST WINDS EXPECTED THIS AFTERNOON. THE STRONGER WINDS IN SAN DIEGO COUNTY FOR THIS AFTERNOON WILL WEAKEN SLIGHTLY AFTER SUNSET. CAZ050-058-170715- /O.UPG.KSGX.WI.Y.0048.000000T0000Z-111217T2100Z/ /O.NEW.KSGX.WI.Y.0049.111217T0300Z-111217T2100Z/ /O.EXB.KSGX.HW.W.0017.000000T0000Z-111217T0300Z/ SAN DIEGO COUNTY VALLEYS-SAN DIEGO COUNTY MOUNTAINS- 312 PM PST FRI DEC 16 2011 ...HIGH WIND WARNING IN EFFECT UNTIL 7 PM PST THIS EVENING... ...WIND ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM 7 PM THIS EVENING TO 1 PM PST SATURDAY... THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN SAN DIEGO HAS ISSUED A HIGH WIND WARNING...WHICH IS IN EFFECT UNTIL 7 PM PST THIS EVENING. THE WIND ADVISORY IS NOW IN EFFECT FROM 7 PM THIS EVENING TO 1 PM PST SATURDAY. * WINDS: AREAS OF NORTHEAST TO EAST WINDS 25 TO 40 MPH WITH GUSTS TO 60 MPH...WEAKENING TO 20 TO 30 MPH WITH GUSTS TO 45 MPH THIS EVENING. * LOCATION: STRONGEST WINDS NEAR THE FOOTHILLS. * IMPACTS: THE WINDS WILL MAKE DRIVING DIFFICULT...ESPECIALLY FOR MOTORISTS WITH HIGH PROFILE VEHICLES. WATCH FOR BROKEN TREE LIMBS AND DOWNED POWER LINES. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A HIGH WIND WARNING MEANS A HAZARDOUS HIGH WIND EVENT IS EXPECTED OR OCCURRING. SUSTAINED WIND SPEEDS OF AT LEAST 40 MPH OR GUSTS OF 58 MPH OR MORE CAN LEAD TO PROPERTY DAMAGE. A WIND ADVISORY MEANS THAT WINDS OF 35 MPH ARE EXPECTED. WINDS THIS STRONG CAN MAKE DRIVING DIFFICULT...ESPECIALLY FOR HIGH PROFILE VEHICLES. USE EXTRA CAUTION. && $$ CAZ048-055-057-170715- /O.CON.KSGX.HW.W.0017.000000T0000Z-111217T2100Z/ SAN BERNARDINO AND RIVERSIDE COUNTY VALLEYS-THE INLAND EMPIRE- SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY MOUNTAINS-SANTA ANA MOUNTAINS AND FOOTHILLS- 312 PM PST FRI DEC 16 2011 ...HIGH WIND WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1 PM PST SATURDAY... A HIGH WIND WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1 PM PST SATURDAY. WINDS: AREAS OF NORTHEAST WINDS 25 TO 35 MPH...WITH GUSTS TO 60 MPH. OCCASIONAL LOCAL GUSTS IN EXCESS OF 65 MPH ARE POSSIBLE IN THE MOST FAVORED LOCATIONS...INCLUDING THROUGH AND BELOW THE CAJON AND BANNING PASSES IN THE INLAND EMPIRE AND THE FREMONT AND MODJESKA CANYONS IN THE SANTA ANA MOUNTAINS. * LOCATION: STRONGEST WINDS THROUGH AND BELOW PASSES AND CANYONS AND NEAR COASTAL FOOTHILLS. * IMPACTS: THE WINDS WILL MAKE DRIVING DIFFICULT...ESPECIALLY FOR MOTORISTS WITH HIGH PROFILE VEHICLES. WATCH FOR BROKEN TREE LIMBS AND DOWNED POWER LINES. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A HIGH WIND WARNING MEANS A HAZARDOUS HIGH WIND EVENT IS EXPECTED OR OCCURRING. SUSTAINED WIND SPEEDS OF AT LEAST 40 MPH OR GUSTS OF 58 MPH OR MORE CAN LEAD TO PROPERTY DAMAGE. && $$ CAZ042-170715- /O.CON.KSGX.WI.Y.0048.000000T0000Z-111217T2100Z/ ORANGE COUNTY COASTAL AREAS- 312 PM PST FRI DEC 16 2011 ...WIND ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1 PM PST SATURDAY... A WIND ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1 PM PST SATURDAY. WINDS: AREAS OF NORTHEAST TO WINDS 20 TO 30 MPH WITH GUSTS TO 55 MPH. * LOCATION: STRONGEST WINDS NEAR THE FOOTHILLS. * IMPACTS: THE WINDS WILL MAKE DRIVING DIFFICULT...ESPECIALLY FOR MOTORISTS WITH HIGH PROFILE VEHICLES. WATCH FOR BROKEN TREE LIMBS AND DOWNED POWER LINES. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A WIND ADVISORY MEANS THAT WINDS OF 35 MPH ARE EXPECTED. WINDS THIS STRONG CAN MAKE DRIVING DIFFICULT...ESPECIALLY FOR HIGH PROFILE VEHICLES. USE EXTRA CAUTION. && $$ CAZ056-170715- /O.CON.KSGX.WI.Y.0048.000000T0000Z-111217T2100Z/ RIVERSIDE COUNTY MOUNTAINS- 312 PM PST FRI DEC 16 2011 ...WIND ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1 PM PST SATURDAY... A WIND ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1 PM PST SATURDAY. * WINDS: AREAS OF NORTHEAST TO EAST WINDS 20 TO 30 MPH WITH GUSTS TO 55 MPH. * LOCATION: STRONGEST WINDS NEAR THE FOOTHILLS. * IMPACTS: THE WINDS WILL MAKE DRIVING DIFFICULT...ESPECIALLY FOR MOTORISTS WITH HIGH PROFILE VEHICLES. WATCH FOR BROKEN TREE LIMBS AND DOWNED POWER LINES. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A WIND ADVISORY MEANS THAT WINDS OF 35 MPH ARE EXPECTED. WINDS THIS STRONG CAN MAKE DRIVING DIFFICULT...ESPECIALLY FOR HIGH PROFILE VEHICLES. USE EXTRA CAUTION. && $$ MAXWELL
3 follow-up statements
609 WWUS76 KSGX 170255 NPWSGX URGENT - WEATHER MESSAGE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE SAN DIEGO CA 655 PM PST FRI DEC 16 2011 ...STRONG GUSTY NORTHEAST TO EAST WINDS INTO SATURDAY... .A LOW PRESSURE SYSTEM CENTERED OVER NORTHERN BAJA WILL BRING STRONG GUSTY NORTHEAST TO EAST WINDS TO AREAS OF SOUTHWESTERN CALIFORNIA...MAINLY THROUGH AND BELOW PASSES AND CANYONS AND NEAR COASTAL FOOTHILLS INTO SATURDAY. CAZ050-058-171200- /O.EXP.KSGX.HW.W.0017.000000T0000Z-111217T0300Z/ /O.CON.KSGX.WI.Y.0049.111217T0300Z-111217T2100Z/ SAN DIEGO COUNTY VALLEYS-SAN DIEGO COUNTY MOUNTAINS- 655 PM PST FRI DEC 16 2011 ...WIND ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1 PM PST SATURDAY... ...HIGH WIND WARNING WILL EXPIRE AT 7 PM PST THIS EVENING... THE HIGH WIND WARNING WILL EXPIRE AT 7 PM PST THIS EVENING. A WIND ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1 PM PST SATURDAY. * WINDS: AREAS OF NORTHEAST TO EAST WINDS 20 TO 30 MPH WITH GUSTS TO 45 MPH. * LOCATION: STRONGEST WINDS NEAR THE FOOTHILLS. * IMPACTS: THE WINDS WILL MAKE DRIVING DIFFICULT...ESPECIALLY FOR MOTORISTS WITH HIGH PROFILE VEHICLES. WATCH FOR BROKEN TREE LIMBS AND DOWNED POWER LINES. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A WIND ADVISORY MEANS THAT WINDS OF 35 MPH ARE EXPECTED. WINDS THIS STRONG CAN MAKE DRIVING DIFFICULT...ESPECIALLY FOR HIGH PROFILE VEHICLES. USE EXTRA CAUTION. && $$ CAZ048-055-057-171200- /O.CON.KSGX.HW.W.0017.000000T0000Z-111217T2100Z/ SAN BERNARDINO AND RIVERSIDE COUNTY VALLEYS-THE INLAND EMPIRE- SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY MOUNTAINS-SANTA ANA MOUNTAINS AND FOOTHILLS- 655 PM PST FRI DEC 16 2011 ...HIGH WIND WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1 PM PST SATURDAY... A HIGH WIND WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1 PM PST SATURDAY. * WINDS: AREAS OF NORTHEAST WINDS 25 TO 35 MPH...WITH GUSTS TO 60 MPH. OCCASIONAL LOCAL GUSTS IN EXCESS OF 65 MPH ARE POSSIBLE IN THE MOST FAVORED LOCATIONS...INCLUDING THROUGH AND BELOW THE CAJON AND BANNING PASSES IN THE INLAND EMPIRE AND THE FREMONT AND MODJESKA CANYONS IN THE SANTA ANA MOUNTAINS. * LOCATION: STRONGEST WINDS THROUGH AND BELOW PASSES AND CANYONS AND NEAR COASTAL FOOTHILLS. * IMPACTS: THE WINDS WILL MAKE DRIVING DIFFICULT...ESPECIALLY FOR MOTORISTS WITH HIGH PROFILE VEHICLES. WATCH FOR BROKEN TREE LIMBS AND DOWNED POWER LINES. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A HIGH WIND WARNING MEANS A HAZARDOUS HIGH WIND EVENT IS EXPECTED OR OCCURRING. SUSTAINED WIND SPEEDS OF AT LEAST 40 MPH OR GUSTS OF 58 MPH OR MORE CAN LEAD TO PROPERTY DAMAGE. && $$ CAZ042-171200- /O.CON.KSGX.WI.Y.0048.000000T0000Z-111217T2100Z/ ORANGE COUNTY COASTAL AREAS- 655 PM PST FRI DEC 16 2011 ...WIND ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1 PM PST SATURDAY... A WIND ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1 PM PST SATURDAY. WINDS: AREAS OF NORTHEAST TO WINDS 20 TO 30 MPH WITH GUSTS TO 55 MPH. * LOCATION: STRONGEST WINDS NEAR THE FOOTHILLS. * IMPACTS: THE WINDS WILL MAKE DRIVING DIFFICULT...ESPECIALLY FOR MOTORISTS WITH HIGH PROFILE VEHICLES. WATCH FOR BROKEN TREE LIMBS AND DOWNED POWER LINES. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A WIND ADVISORY MEANS THAT WINDS OF 35 MPH ARE EXPECTED. WINDS THIS STRONG CAN MAKE DRIVING DIFFICULT...ESPECIALLY FOR HIGH PROFILE VEHICLES. USE EXTRA CAUTION. && $$ CAZ056-171200- /O.CON.KSGX.WI.Y.0048.000000T0000Z-111217T2100Z/ RIVERSIDE COUNTY MOUNTAINS- 655 PM PST FRI DEC 16 2011 ...WIND ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1 PM PST SATURDAY... A WIND ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1 PM PST SATURDAY. * WINDS: AREAS OF NORTHEAST TO EAST WINDS 20 TO 30 MPH WITH GUSTS TO 55 MPH. * LOCATION: STRONGEST WINDS NEAR THE FOOTHILLS. * IMPACTS: THE WINDS WILL MAKE DRIVING DIFFICULT...ESPECIALLY FOR MOTORISTS WITH HIGH PROFILE VEHICLES. WATCH FOR BROKEN TREE LIMBS AND DOWNED POWER LINES. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A WIND ADVISORY MEANS THAT WINDS OF 35 MPH ARE EXPECTED. WINDS THIS STRONG CAN MAKE DRIVING DIFFICULT...ESPECIALLY FOR HIGH PROFILE VEHICLES. USE EXTRA CAUTION. && $$ MAXWELL
042 WWUS76 KSGX 171039 NPWSGX URGENT - WEATHER MESSAGE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE SAN DIEGO CA 239 AM PST SAT DEC 17 2011 ...STRONG GUSTY NORTHEAST TO EAST WINDS CONTINUING THROUGH THIS MORNING... .A LOW PRESSURE SYSTEM CENTERED OFF THE NORTHERN BAJA COAST WILL BRING STRONG GUSTY NORTHEAST TO EAST WINDS TO AREAS OF SOUTHWESTERN CALIFORNIA...MAINLY THROUGH AND BELOW PASSES AND CANYONS AND NEAR COASTAL FOOTHILLS THROUGH THIS MORNING. CAZ048-055-057-172100- /O.CON.KSGX.HW.W.0017.000000T0000Z-111217T2100Z/ SAN BERNARDINO AND RIVERSIDE COUNTY VALLEYS-THE INLAND EMPIRE- SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY MOUNTAINS-SANTA ANA MOUNTAINS AND FOOTHILLS- 239 AM PST SAT DEC 17 2011 ...HIGH WIND WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1 PM PST THIS AFTERNOON... A HIGH WIND WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1 PM PST THIS AFTERNOON. * WINDS: AREAS OF NORTHEAST WINDS 25 TO 35 MPH...WITH GUSTS TO 60 MPH. OCCASIONAL LOCAL GUSTS IN EXCESS OF 65 MPH ARE POSSIBLE IN THE MOST FAVORED LOCATIONS...INCLUDING THROUGH AND BELOW THE CAJON AND BANNING PASSES IN THE INLAND EMPIRE AND THE FREMONT AND MODJESKA CANYONS IN THE SANTA ANA MOUNTAINS. * LOCATION: STRONGEST WINDS THROUGH AND BELOW PASSES AND CANYONS AND NEAR COASTAL FOOTHILLS. * IMPACTS: THE WINDS WILL MAKE DRIVING DIFFICULT...ESPECIALLY FOR MOTORISTS WITH HIGH PROFILE VEHICLES. WATCH FOR BROKEN TREE LIMBS AND DOWNED POWER LINES. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A HIGH WIND WARNING MEANS A HAZARDOUS HIGH WIND EVENT IS EXPECTED OR OCCURRING. SUSTAINED WIND SPEEDS OF AT LEAST 40 MPH OR GUSTS OF 58 MPH OR MORE CAN LEAD TO PROPERTY DAMAGE. && $$ CAZ042-172100- /O.CON.KSGX.WI.Y.0048.000000T0000Z-111217T2100Z/ ORANGE COUNTY COASTAL AREAS- 239 AM PST SAT DEC 17 2011 ...WIND ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1 PM PST THIS AFTERNOON... A WIND ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1 PM PST THIS AFTERNOON. * WINDS: AREAS OF NORTHEAST TO WINDS 20 TO 30 MPH WITH GUSTS TO 45 MPH. * LOCATION: STRONGEST WINDS NEAR THE FOOTHILLS. * IMPACTS: THE WINDS WILL MAKE DRIVING DIFFICULT...ESPECIALLY FOR MOTORISTS WITH HIGH PROFILE VEHICLES. WATCH FOR BROKEN TREE LIMBS AND DOWNED POWER LINES. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A WIND ADVISORY MEANS THAT WINDS OF 35 MPH ARE EXPECTED. WINDS THIS STRONG CAN MAKE DRIVING DIFFICULT...ESPECIALLY FOR HIGH PROFILE VEHICLES. USE EXTRA CAUTION. && $$ CAZ050-058-172100- /O.CON.KSGX.WI.Y.0049.000000T0000Z-111217T2100Z/ SAN DIEGO COUNTY VALLEYS-SAN DIEGO COUNTY MOUNTAINS- 239 AM PST SAT DEC 17 2011 ...WIND ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1 PM PST THIS AFTERNOON... A WIND ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1 PM PST THIS AFTERNOON. * WINDS: AREAS OF NORTHEAST TO EAST WINDS 20 TO 30 MPH WITH GUSTS TO 50 MPH. * LOCATION: STRONGEST WINDS NEAR THE COASTAL FOOTHILLS. * IMPACTS: THE WINDS WILL MAKE DRIVING DIFFICULT...ESPECIALLY FOR MOTORISTS WITH HIGH PROFILE VEHICLES. WATCH FOR BROKEN TREE LIMBS AND DOWNED POWER LINES. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A WIND ADVISORY MEANS THAT WINDS OF 35 MPH ARE EXPECTED. WINDS THIS STRONG CAN MAKE DRIVING DIFFICULT...ESPECIALLY FOR HIGH PROFILE VEHICLES. USE EXTRA CAUTION. && $$ CAZ056-172100- /O.CON.KSGX.WI.Y.0048.000000T0000Z-111217T2100Z/ RIVERSIDE COUNTY MOUNTAINS- 239 AM PST SAT DEC 17 2011 ...WIND ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1 PM PST THIS AFTERNOON... A WIND ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1 PM PST THIS AFTERNOON. * WINDS: AREAS OF NORTHEAST TO EAST WINDS 20 TO 30 MPH WITH GUSTS TO 55 MPH. * LOCATION: STRONGEST WINDS NEAR THE COASTAL FOOTHILLS. * IMPACTS: THE WINDS WILL MAKE DRIVING DIFFICULT...ESPECIALLY FOR MOTORISTS WITH HIGH PROFILE VEHICLES. WATCH FOR BROKEN TREE LIMBS AND DOWNED POWER LINES. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A WIND ADVISORY MEANS THAT WINDS OF 35 MPH ARE EXPECTED. WINDS THIS STRONG CAN MAKE DRIVING DIFFICULT...ESPECIALLY FOR HIGH PROFILE VEHICLES. USE EXTRA CAUTION. && $$ CURRENT WIND GUST REPORTS ON THE WEB: HTTP://WWW.WRH.NOAA.GOV/SGX/GMAP/INDEX.PHP MAX DAILY WIND GUST REPORTS ON THE WEB: HTTP://WWW.WRH.NOAA.GOV/SGX/KML/WIND.PHP?WFO=SGX MARTIN
628 WWUS76 KSGX 172024 NPWSGX URGENT - WEATHER MESSAGE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE SAN DIEGO CA 1224 PM PST SAT DEC 17 2011 CAZ048-055-057-172130- /O.CAN.KSGX.HW.W.0017.000000T0000Z-111217T2100Z/ SAN BERNARDINO AND RIVERSIDE COUNTY VALLEYS-THE INLAND EMPIRE- SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY MOUNTAINS-SANTA ANA MOUNTAINS AND FOOTHILLS- 1224 PM PST SAT DEC 17 2011 ...HIGH WIND WARNING IS CANCELLED... THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN SAN DIEGO HAS CANCELLED THE HIGH WIND WARNING. WINDS ARE WEAKENING AND ARE EXPECTED TO REMAIN BELOW ADVISORY STRENGTH FOR THE REMAINDER OF THE DAY. $$ CAZ050-058-172130- /O.CAN.KSGX.WI.Y.0049.000000T0000Z-111217T2100Z/ SAN DIEGO COUNTY VALLEYS-SAN DIEGO COUNTY MOUNTAINS- 1224 PM PST SAT DEC 17 2011 ...WIND ADVISORY IS CANCELLED... WINDS ARE WEAKENING AND ARE EXPECTED TO REMAIN BELOW ADVISORY STRENGTH FOR THE REMAINDER OF THE DAY. $$ CAZ042-056-172130- /O.CAN.KSGX.WI.Y.0048.000000T0000Z-111217T2100Z/ ORANGE COUNTY COASTAL AREAS-RIVERSIDE COUNTY MOUNTAINS- 1224 PM PST SAT DEC 17 2011 ...WIND ADVISORY IS CANCELLED... THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN SAN DIEGO HAS CANCELLED THE WIND ADVISORY. WINDS ARE WEAKENING AND ARE EXPECTED TO REMAIN BELOW ADVISORY STRENGTH FOR THE REMAINDER OF THE DAY. $$ JAD
The office that day
Everything else NWS San Diego, CA issued on the same UTC day.
| Issued | Product | Office | Counties | Lasted |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dec 16, 10:29 AM PST | Winter Weather Advisory | SGX | San Diego | 7 hr |
Nearby
Wind Advisories in California, 2011Every wind advisory in 2011
Sources
The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.