Alert archive / California / Red Flag Warnings in 2007

Red Flag Warning 3, NWS San Diego, CA

January 14, 20074 counties in California

NWS San Diego, CA issued this red flag warning at Jan 14, 2007, 8:12 PM PST for 4 counties in California. It was in force for 46 hr. 2 reports came from inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The counties it named, with what was reported inside it.

The facts

Issued
Jan 14, 2007, 8:12 PM PST (04:12 UTC)
Expired
Jan 16, 2007, 6:00 PM PST
In force
46 hr
Issued by
NWS San Diego, CA

Counties Orange County, CA, Riverside County, CA, San Bernardino County, CA, San Diego County, CA

The radar

The Santa Ana Mts radar (KSOX), 88 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 04:14 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What was reported inside it

TimeReportWhereRemark
Jan 15, 9:30 AM PSTNON-TSTM WND GST 67Fremont Canyon, CAWIND SUSTAINED 43 MPH WITH GUSTS TO 67 MPH AT THE FREMONT CANYON RAWS.
Jan 15, 10:09 AM PSTNON-TSTM WND GST 59San Bernardino, CA59 MPH WIND GUST MEASURED AT PALM AVENUE ELEMENTARY.

Local storm reports filed while the alert was in force, from inside its polygon or its counties.

The nearest sounding before it

San Diego, CA (KNKX), launched 00:00Z, 4.2 hours before the alert went out and 124 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, San Diego, CA at 00:00Z on 2007-01-15Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 0 joules per kilogram.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, San Diego, CA at 00:00Z on 2007-01-15The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 32 square meters per square second.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
No buoyant parcel
Mixed-layer LCL
1970 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
63 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
32 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
77 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

000 
WWUS86 KSGX 150412
RFWSGX

RED FLAG WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE SAN DIEGO CA
812 PM PST SUN JAN 14 2007

...RED FLAG WARNING IN EFFECT THROUGH 6 PM TUESDAY FOR GUSTY 
NORTHEAST WINDS AND LOW HUMIDITY ACROSS ALL OF THE MOUNTAINS AND
INLAND VALLEYS AND FOR ORANGE COUNTY...

.OFFSHORE WINDS AND LOW HUMIDITIES WILL IMPACT SOUTHWEST CALIFORNIA
ON MONDAY AND TUESDAY. NORTHEAST WINDS WILL BEGIN TO DEVELOP TONIGHT
NEAR THE PASSES AND CANYONS...BECOMING STRONGER AND MORE WIDESPREAD
ON MONDAY. CRITICAL FIRE WEATHER CONDITIONS WILL PERSIST THROUGH
TUESDAY. WINDS WILL DECREASE BY LATE TUESDAY...WITH A WEAKER BUT
DRY OFFSHORE FLOW ON WEDNESDAY.

CAZ248-250-255>258-151215-
/O.UPG.KSGX.FW.A.0002.070115T1200Z-070119T0200Z/
/O.NEW.KSGX.FW.W.0003.070115T0412Z-070117T0200Z/
SAN BERNARDINO AND RIVERSIDE COUNTY VALLEYS-THE INLAND EMPIRE-
SAN DIEGO COUNTY INLAND VALLEYS-SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY MOUNTAINS-
INCLUDING THE MOUNTAIN TOP AND FRONT COUNTRY RANGER DISTRICTS OF
THE SAN BERNARDINO NATIONAL FOREST-RIVERSIDE COUNTY MOUNTAINS-
INCLUDING THE SAN JACINTO RANGER DISTRICT OF THE SAN BERNARDINO
NATIONAL FOREST-SANTA ANA MOUNTAINS-
INCLUDING THE TRABUCO RANGER DISTRICT OF THE CLEVELAND NATIONAL
FOREST-SAN DIEGO COUNTY MOUNTAINS-
INCLUDING THE PALOMAR AND DESCANSO RANGER DISTRICTS OF THE
CLEVELAND NATIONAL FOREST-
812 PM PST SUN JAN 14 2007

...RED FLAG WARNING IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 PM PST TUESDAY FOR GUSTY
NORTHEAST WINDS AND LOW HUMIDITY...

THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN SAN DIEGO HAS ISSUED A RED FLAG
WARNING...WHICH IS IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 PM PST TUESDAY. THE FIRE
WEATHER WATCH IS NO LONGER IN EFFECT. 

THE RED FLAG WARNING INCLUDES ALL OF THE MOUNTAINS AND INLAND
VALLEYS OF SOUTHWEST SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY...WESTERN RIVERSIDE
COUNTY...SAN DIEGO COUNTY AND ORANGE COUNTY...AND INCLUDES THE 
SAN BERNARDINO NATIONAL FOREST AND CLEVELAND NATIONAL FOREST. 

GUSTY NORTHEAST WINDS WILL DEVELOP TONIGHT MAINLY NEAR THE PASSES
AND CANYONS...THEN WINDS WILL INCREASE AND BECOME MORE WIDESPREAD
ON MONDAY. THE GUSTY WINDS WILL CONTINUE THROUGH TUESDAY AND SHOULD
DIMINISH BY LATE TUESDAY AFTERNOON. THE STRONGEST WINDS WILL
OCCUR FROM EARLY MONDAY INTO TUESDAY MORNING THROUGH AND BELOW THE
PASSES AND CANYONS WITH LOCAL GUSTS OVER 60 MPH.

DRY CONDITIONS WILL ACCOMPANY THE WINDS...WITH RELATIVE HUMIDITIES
BELOW 15 PERCENT ACROSS MUCH OF THE AREA DURING THE DAY. HUMIDITY 
RECOVERIES AT NIGHT WILL BE POOR IN THE WIND PRONE AREAS. 

A RED FLAG WARNING MEANS THAT CRITICAL FIRE WEATHER CONDITIONS
ARE EITHER OCCURRING NOW...OR WILL SHORTLY. A COMBINATION OF
STRONG WINDS...LOW RELATIVE HUMIDITY...AND WARM TEMPERATURES WILL
CREATE EXPLOSIVE FIRE GROWTH POTENTIAL.

$$

LAVIS
6 follow-up statements
000 
WWUS86 KSGX 150459 CCA
RFWSGX

RED FLAG WARNING...CORRECTED ORANGE CO ZONE CODING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE SAN DIEGO CA
900 PM PST SUN JAN 14 2007

...RED FLAG WARNING IN EFFECT THROUGH 6 PM TUESDAY FOR GUSTY 
NORTHEAST WINDS AND LOW HUMIDITY ACROSS ALL OF THE MOUNTAINS AND
INLAND VALLEYS AND FOR ORANGE COUNTY...

.OFFSHORE WINDS AND LOW HUMIDITIES WILL IMPACT SOUTHWEST CALIFORNIA
ON MONDAY AND TUESDAY. NORTHEAST WINDS WILL BEGIN TO DEVELOP TONIGHT
NEAR THE PASSES AND CANYONS...BECOMING STRONGER AND MORE WIDESPREAD
ON MONDAY. CRITICAL FIRE WEATHER CONDITIONS WILL PERSIST THROUGH
TUESDAY. WINDS WILL DECREASE BY LATE TUESDAY...WITH A WEAKER BUT
DRY OFFSHORE FLOW ON WEDNESDAY.

CAZ242-248-250-255>258-151215-
/O.UPG.KSGX.FW.A.0002.070115T1200Z-070119T0200Z/
/O.NEW.KSGX.FW.W.0003.070115T0412Z-070117T0200Z/
SAN BERNARDINO AND RIVERSIDE COUNTY VALLEYS-THE INLAND EMPIRE-
SAN DIEGO COUNTY INLAND VALLEYS-SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY MOUNTAINS-
INCLUDING THE MOUNTAIN TOP AND FRONT COUNTRY RANGER DISTRICTS OF
THE SAN BERNARDINO NATIONAL FOREST-RIVERSIDE COUNTY MOUNTAINS-
INCLUDING THE SAN JACINTO RANGER DISTRICT OF THE SAN BERNARDINO
NATIONAL FOREST-SANTA ANA MOUNTAINS-
INCLUDING THE TRABUCO RANGER DISTRICT OF THE CLEVELAND NATIONAL
FOREST-SAN DIEGO COUNTY MOUNTAINS-
INCLUDING THE PALOMAR AND DESCANSO RANGER DISTRICTS OF THE
CLEVELAND NATIONAL FOREST-
812 PM PST SUN JAN 14 2007

...RED FLAG WARNING IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 PM PST TUESDAY FOR GUSTY
NORTHEAST WINDS AND LOW HUMIDITY...

THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN SAN DIEGO HAS ISSUED A RED FLAG
WARNING...WHICH IS IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 PM PST TUESDAY. THE FIRE
WEATHER WATCH IS NO LONGER IN EFFECT. 

THE RED FLAG WARNING INCLUDES ALL OF THE MOUNTAINS AND INLAND
VALLEYS OF SOUTHWEST SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY...WESTERN RIVERSIDE
COUNTY...SAN DIEGO COUNTY AND ORANGE COUNTY...AND INCLUDES THE 
SAN BERNARDINO NATIONAL FOREST AND CLEVELAND NATIONAL FOREST. 

GUSTY NORTHEAST WINDS WILL DEVELOP TONIGHT MAINLY NEAR THE PASSES
AND CANYONS...THEN WINDS WILL INCREASE AND BECOME MORE WIDESPREAD
ON MONDAY. THE GUSTY WINDS WILL CONTINUE THROUGH TUESDAY AND SHOULD
DIMINISH BY LATE TUESDAY AFTERNOON. THE STRONGEST WINDS WILL
OCCUR FROM EARLY MONDAY INTO TUESDAY MORNING THROUGH AND BELOW THE
PASSES AND CANYONS WITH LOCAL GUSTS OVER 60 MPH.

DRY CONDITIONS WILL ACCOMPANY THE WINDS...WITH RELATIVE HUMIDITIES
BELOW 15 PERCENT ACROSS MUCH OF THE AREA DURING THE DAY. HUMIDITY 
RECOVERIES AT NIGHT WILL BE POOR IN THE WIND PRONE AREAS. 

A RED FLAG WARNING MEANS THAT CRITICAL FIRE WEATHER CONDITIONS
ARE EITHER OCCURRING NOW...OR WILL SHORTLY. A COMBINATION OF
STRONG WINDS...LOW RELATIVE HUMIDITY...AND WARM TEMPERATURES WILL
CREATE EXPLOSIVE FIRE GROWTH POTENTIAL.

$$

LAVIS
000 
WWUS86 KSGX 151126
RFWSGX

RED FLAG WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE SAN DIEGO CA
326 AM PST MON JAN 15 2007

CAZ242-248-250-255>258-151800-
/O.CON.KSGX.FW.W.0003.000000T0000Z-070117T0200Z/
ORANGE COUNTY COASTAL AREAS-
SAN BERNARDINO AND RIVERSIDE COUNTY VALLEYS-THE INLAND EMPIRE-
SAN DIEGO COUNTY INLAND VALLEYS-SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY MOUNTAINS-
INCLUDING THE MOUNTAIN TOP AND FRONT COUNTRY RANGER DISTRICTS OF
THE SAN BERNARDINO NATIONAL FOREST-RIVERSIDE COUNTY MOUNTAINS-
INCLUDING THE SAN JACINTO RANGER DISTRICT OF THE SAN BERNARDINO
NATIONAL FOREST-SANTA ANA MOUNTAINS-
INCLUDING THE TRABUCO RANGER DISTRICT OF THE CLEVELAND NATIONAL
FOREST-SAN DIEGO COUNTY MOUNTAINS-
INCLUDING THE PALOMAR AND DESCANSO RANGER DISTRICTS OF THE
CLEVELAND NATIONAL FOREST-
326 AM PST MON JAN 15 2007

...RED FLAG WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 PM PST TUESDAY FOR 
ALL OF THE MOUNTAINS AND INLAND VALLEYS OF SOUTHWEST SAN 
BERNARDINO COUNTY...WESTERN RIVERSIDE COUNTY...SAN DIEGO COUNTY
AND ORANGE COUNTY...AND INCLUDES THE SAN BERNARDINO NATIONAL 
FOREST AND CLEVELAND NATIONAL FOREST ...

A RED FLAG WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 PM PST TUESDAY. 

GUSTY NORTHEAST WINDS WILL CONTINUE THROUGH TUESDAY. THE
STRONGEST WINDS WILL OCCUR BELOW THE PASSES AND CANYONS WITH
GUSTS 45 TO 75 MPH.

DRY CONDITIONS WILL ACCOMPANY THE WINDS...WITH RELATIVE
HUMIDITIES BELOW 15 PERCENT ACROSS MUCH OF THE AREA DURING THE
DAY. HUMIDITY RECOVERIES AT NIGHT WILL BE POOR IN THE WIND PRONE
AREAS.

A RED FLAG WARNING MEANS THAT CRITICAL FIRE WEATHER CONDITIONS
ARE EITHER OCCURRING NOW...OR WILL SHORTLY. A COMBINATION OF
STRONG WINDS...LOW RELATIVE HUMIDITY...AND WARM TEMPERATURES WILL
CREATE EXPLOSIVE FIRE GROWTH POTENTIAL.

$$
000 
WWUS86 KSGX 151708
RFWSGX

RED FLAG WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE SAN DIEGO CA
908 AM PST MON JAN 15 2007

CAZ242-248-250-255>258-161200-
/O.CON.KSGX.FW.W.0003.000000T0000Z-070117T0200Z/
ORANGE COUNTY COASTAL AREAS-
SAN BERNARDINO AND RIVERSIDE COUNTY VALLEYS-THE INLAND EMPIRE-
SAN DIEGO COUNTY INLAND VALLEYS-SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY MOUNTAINS-
INCLUDING THE MOUNTAIN TOP AND FRONT COUNTRY RANGER DISTRICTS OF
THE SAN BERNARDINO NATIONAL FOREST-RIVERSIDE COUNTY MOUNTAINS-
INCLUDING THE SAN JACINTO RANGER DISTRICT OF THE SAN BERNARDINO
NATIONAL FOREST-SANTA ANA MOUNTAINS-
INCLUDING THE TRABUCO RANGER DISTRICT OF THE CLEVELAND NATIONAL
FOREST-SAN DIEGO COUNTY MOUNTAINS-
INCLUDING THE PALOMAR AND DESCANSO RANGER DISTRICTS OF THE
CLEVELAND NATIONAL FOREST-
908 AM PST MON JAN 15 2007

...RED FLAG WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 PM PST TUESDAY...

A RED FLAG WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 PM PST TUESDAY. 

GUSTY NORTHEAST WINDS WILL CONTINUE THROUGH TUESDAY. THE
STRONGEST WINDS WILL OCCUR BELOW THE PASSES AND CANYONS WITH
GUSTS 45 TO 75 MPH.

DRY CONDITIONS WILL ACCOMPANY THE WINDS...WITH RELATIVE
HUMIDITIES BELOW 15 PERCENT ACROSS MUCH OF THE AREA DURING THE
DAY. HUMIDITY RECOVERIES AT NIGHT WILL BE POOR IN THE WIND PRONE
AREAS.

A RED FLAG WARNING MEANS THAT CRITICAL FIRE WEATHER CONDITIONS
ARE EITHER OCCURRING NOW...OR WILL SHORTLY. A COMBINATION OF
STRONG WINDS...LOW RELATIVE HUMIDITY...AND WARM TEMPERATURES WILL
CREATE EXPLOSIVE FIRE GROWTH POTENTIAL.

$$

DVA
000 
WWUS86 KSGX 161122
RFWSGX

RED FLAG WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE SAN DIEGO CA
322 AM PST TUE JAN 16 2007

CAZ242-248-250-255>258-161815-
/O.CON.KSGX.FW.W.0003.000000T0000Z-070117T0200Z/
ORANGE COUNTY COASTAL AREAS-
SAN BERNARDINO AND RIVERSIDE COUNTY VALLEYS-THE INLAND EMPIRE-
SAN DIEGO COUNTY INLAND VALLEYS-SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY MOUNTAINS-
INCLUDING THE MOUNTAIN TOP AND FRONT COUNTRY RANGER DISTRICTS OF
THE SAN BERNARDINO NATIONAL FOREST-RIVERSIDE COUNTY MOUNTAINS-
INCLUDING THE SAN JACINTO RANGER DISTRICT OF THE SAN BERNARDINO
NATIONAL FOREST-SANTA ANA MOUNTAINS-
INCLUDING THE TRABUCO RANGER DISTRICT OF THE CLEVELAND NATIONAL
FOREST-SAN DIEGO COUNTY MOUNTAINS-
INCLUDING THE PALOMAR AND DESCANSO RANGER DISTRICTS OF THE
CLEVELAND NATIONAL FOREST-
322 AM PST TUE JAN 16 2007

...RED FLAG WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 PM PST THIS
AFTERNOON...

A RED FLAG WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 PM PST THIS
AFTERNOON. 

GUSTY NORTHEAST WINDS WILL CONTINUE TODAY. THE STRONGEST WINDS
WILL OCCUR BELOW THE PASSES AND CANYONS WITH GUSTS 40 TO 60 MPH.

VERY DRY AIR WILL REMAIN OVER SOUTHWEST CALIFORNIA MOST OF THIS
WEEK. RELATIVE HUMIDITIES WILL BE BELOW 15 PERCENT DURING THE
DAY. OVERNIGHT RECOVERY OF HUMIDITY WILL CONTINUE TO BE POOR IN MOST
AREAS.

THE FREEZING TEMPERATURES OVER THE WEEKEND AND ON MONDAY KILLED
MOST OF THE NEW VEGETATION AND INCREASED THE DEAD TO LIVE FUEL
RATIO. 

A RED FLAG WARNING MEANS THAT CRITICAL FIRE WEATHER CONDITIONS ARE
EITHER OCCURRING NOW...OR WILL SHORTLY THAT WILL CREATE EXPLOSIVE
FIRE GROWTH POTENTIAL.

$$


BALFOUR
000 
WWUS86 KSGX 161607
RFWSGX

RED FLAG WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE SAN DIEGO CA
807 AM PST TUE JAN 16 2007

CAZ242-248-250-255>258-170200-
/O.CON.KSGX.FW.W.0003.000000T0000Z-070117T0200Z/
ORANGE COUNTY COASTAL AREAS-
SAN BERNARDINO AND RIVERSIDE COUNTY VALLEYS-THE INLAND EMPIRE-
SAN DIEGO COUNTY INLAND VALLEYS-SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY MOUNTAINS-
INCLUDING THE MOUNTAIN TOP AND FRONT COUNTRY RANGER DISTRICTS OF
THE SAN BERNARDINO NATIONAL FOREST-RIVERSIDE COUNTY MOUNTAINS-
INCLUDING THE SAN JACINTO RANGER DISTRICT OF THE SAN BERNARDINO
NATIONAL FOREST-SANTA ANA MOUNTAINS-
INCLUDING THE TRABUCO RANGER DISTRICT OF THE CLEVELAND NATIONAL
FOREST-SAN DIEGO COUNTY MOUNTAINS-
INCLUDING THE PALOMAR AND DESCANSO RANGER DISTRICTS OF THE
CLEVELAND NATIONAL FOREST-
807 AM PST TUE JAN 16 2007

...RED FLAG WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 PM PST THIS
AFTERNOON...

A RED FLAG WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 PM PST THIS
AFTERNOON. 

GUSTY NORTHEAST WINDS WILL CONTINUE TODAY. THE STRONGEST WINDS
WILL OCCUR BELOW THE PASSES AND CANYONS WITH GUSTS 40 TO 60 MPH.

VERY DRY AIR WILL REMAIN OVER SOUTHWEST CALIFORNIA MOST OF THIS
WEEK. RELATIVE HUMIDITIES WILL BE BELOW 15 PERCENT DURING THE
DAY. OVERNIGHT RECOVERY OF HUMIDITY WILL CONTINUE TO BE POOR IN
MOST AREAS.

THE FREEZING TEMPERATURES OVER THE WEEKEND AND ON MONDAY KILLED
MOST OF THE NEW VEGETATION AND INCREASED THE DEAD TO LIVE FUEL
RATIO.

A RED FLAG WARNING MEANS THAT CRITICAL FIRE WEATHER CONDITIONS
ARE EITHER OCCURRING NOW...OR WILL SHORTLY THAT WILL CREATE
EXPLOSIVE FIRE GROWTH POTENTIAL.

$$

DVA
000 
WWUS86 KSGX 170158
RFWSGX

RED FLAG WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE SAN DIEGO CA
558 PM PST TUE JAN 16 2007

CAZ242-248-250-255>258-170300-
/O.EXP.KSGX.FW.W.0003.000000T0000Z-070117T0200Z/
ORANGE COUNTY COASTAL AREAS-
SAN BERNARDINO AND RIVERSIDE COUNTY VALLEYS-THE INLAND EMPIRE-
SAN DIEGO COUNTY INLAND VALLEYS-SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY MOUNTAINS-
INCLUDING THE MOUNTAIN TOP AND FRONT COUNTRY RANGER DISTRICTS OF
THE SAN BERNARDINO NATIONAL FOREST-RIVERSIDE COUNTY MOUNTAINS-
INCLUDING THE SAN JACINTO RANGER DISTRICT OF THE SAN BERNARDINO
NATIONAL FOREST-SANTA ANA MOUNTAINS-
INCLUDING THE TRABUCO RANGER DISTRICT OF THE CLEVELAND NATIONAL
FOREST-SAN DIEGO COUNTY MOUNTAINS-
INCLUDING THE PALOMAR AND DESCANSO RANGER DISTRICTS OF THE
CLEVELAND NATIONAL FOREST-
558 PM PST TUE JAN 16 2007

...RED FLAG WARNING WILL EXPIRE AT 6 PM PST THIS AFTERNOON...

THE RED FLAG WARNING WILL EXPIRE AT 6 PM PST THIS AFTERNOON. 

CONDITIONS ARE EXPECTED TO REMAIN RELATIVELY DRY OVERNIGHT WITH
SOME RECOVERY EXPECTED...ALONG WITH LOCAL GUSTY NORTHEAST WINDS...
BUT THE AIRMASS WILL MOISTEN UP WEDNESDAY INTO THURSDAY AS AN
UPPER LEVEL TROUGH OF LOW PRESSURE MOVES INTO THE AREA.

$$

SMALL

Nearby

Red Flag Warnings in California, 2007Every red flag warning in 2007

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; local storm reports from the same archive; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.